Sample Chapter 3
Sample Chapter 3
Sample Chapter 3
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods that are used in the conduct of this qualitative
phenomenological study. This section covers the research design, research participants,
role of the researcher, data sources, data collection procedure, data analysis,
Research Design
Based on the research of Tong et al. (2012) and Pathak et al. (2013), qualitative
Additionally, it includes depicting people's opinions and an impression of how people see
things in everyday life (Gentles et al., 2015). Moreover, researchers in qualitative studies
phenomena. This involves analyzing their meanings (Creswell & Poth, 2018). Thus, it will
involve qualitative data, including participant interviews and records, to better describe
and explain social phenomena to turn the world into a collection of representations
This research study utilized the qualitative research design which employed a
phenomenological approach for it explore people's daily lives and personal encounters
faced, and insights. In employing qualitative methods, the study delves deeply into the
nuances and perspectives of the participants, allowing for a rich and comprehensive
explain the sense of experience and what is perceived and how it is experienced
study for it focuses on exploring people's daily lives and personal encounters with a
concept or phenomenon. Moreover, the researcher implored this approach in the study
such that, this research attempts to understand and describe how public-school heads
make sense of their experiences as they deal with professional burnout. Additionally, the
design gives light and information in exploring public elementary school head’s coping
mechanisms in dealing with professional burnout. Thus, this research discovered the
lessons and insights of public elementary school head’s coping mechanisms in dealing
where the statements of the participants and descriptions of the experiences, coping
mechanisms and insights are identified, explored, and understood. Thus, this is the most
appropriate design for this inquiry since it narrates and reflects gathered information
from the course of interviews. Also, researcher’s background and interest are considered
in the study.
phenomenological approach, this study will deal with the entire methodology process.
Purposive sampling was used to select the research participants, and relevant data
generated through one-on-one interviews. Thematic analysis was utilized to analyze the
data collected to formulate the major themes based on the participants’ experiences.
Research Participants
This study involved 10 public elementary school heads in Kapalong East District,
Division of Davao del Norte. Total participants involving ten public elementary school
heads who are at the time are dealing with professional burnout was involved to
participate in the in-depth interview (IDI). In addition, Creswell (2014) advised that
This research utilized the purposive sampling method, considering the limited
availability of participants, the researcher made sure that the participants selected was
able to provide the necessary information for this study. The researcher selected and
identified individuals or group of individuals who are proficient and well-informed with a
phenomenon of interest and who are available, voluntary to participate as well as able to
selecting individuals or groups of people who are highly qualified or skilled in a particular
area of interest (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2011, cited by Palinkas, 2015). Furthermore,
Purposive sampling is used to select respondents that are most likely to provide relevant
and useful information and is a method for identifying and selecting cases that make
Moreover, the researcher identified and selected the participants using the
following inclusion criteria: (a) public elementary school heads (b) those who are
assigned in schools within Kapalong East District, Division of Davao del Norte; (c) those
who have at least three (3) years of experience in the practice; and (d) those who
acknowledged to have experienced professional burnout after knowing the results from
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taking Maslach’s Burnout Inventory. The researcher made sure that participants was
selected thoroughly based on the selection criteria with different genders and varying
years in service to ensure maximum variation of the study. Further, the exclusion criteria
for the participants of this study are the following: (a) school heads coming from the
private elementary schools; (b) school leaders who are not from Kapalong East District.
(c) school leaders who have less than three (3) years of experience in the practice; and
understanding the lived experiences of school heads dealing with professional burnout.
When interviewing and collecting specific data, it is essential to provide a more profound
Furthermore, the researcher’s role for this qualitative study, was to find answers
to the research objectives that will be proposed using field notes and audio recordings to
be done during the in-depth interview and the recorded virtual focus group discussion.
Moreover, the researcher does not have complete control over the questions, and they
were often of a general sort (Lichtman, 2013 as cited by Reeves & Oh, 2017). In
particular, the researcher played and took the roles in this study in a logical manner as
follows:
First, the researcher ensured the ethical conduct of the study in the measures
that was implemented throughout this research work. The researcher adhered to
guidelines such as social value, informed consent, the vulnerability of the research
participants, risk, benefits, and safety; privacy and confidentiality, justice, transparency,
These ethical considerations helped in making the research possible and ensured
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ensures the protection and welfare of the participants who were involved in this study.
and communicate with them about this study's conduct to confirm their willingness to
share their experiences and insights as school heads dealing with professional burnout.
In qualitative research, asking permission is a vital move that a researcher should take
(Patton, 2015). The researcher had set a scheduled date and time with the participants
for the in-depth interview in agreement with each participant's availability. The research
objectives and interview guide questions were given and shown to the participants
before the interview for them to have a glimpse on what the interview is all about. All
their responses were recorded using a recorder along with the field notes and the
participants' responses into written code by using the standard format of the qualitative
research transcription to be able to study and analyze the data in detail. Moreover,
accuracy of their statements through the process of checking and the recorded data
English format. Ahead of the interview, the participants were informed by the researcher
that they can answer in their preferred language or dialect, and then the researcher
translated it into written text the recorded data through attentive, repeated, careful
listening during the recorded interview to make sure that the content of the data is
accurate. Then, the researcher translated their responses during the preparation of the
Fifth, to ensure to properly document and record the entire interview. The
researcher made use of tools to record what has been said and done during the
individual interviews, such as taking down handwritten notes and recording a video.
Furthermore, the entire interview of the study was recorded by the researcher and was
able to secure a folder of field notes as counterparts for the recorded interviews. The
researcher can use field notes to preserve and comment on impressions, environmental
conditions, actions, and nonverbal cues that may not be captured in audio recordings.
compiled, categorized and analyzed the data collected. The researcher sought guidance
and support on drawing interpretations to his adviser, an expert in this field, to create
factual information on the phenomenon they experienced. Any revelation, opinions, and
views expressed negatively and positively were taken constructively. Lastly, the
researcher ensured and upheld that the ethical standards will be held paramount in this
study's conduct.
Data Sources
interviews are the easiest and most transparent way to collect detailed and rich data
about a phenomenon (Barret & Twycross, 2018). Similarly, the most commonly used
data sources in qualitative research are in-depth interviews, focus group discussions,
observations, and document reviews (Sargeant, 2012). Thus, this research study will
utilize interviews as the data sources. Particularly the in-depth interviews (IDI) that will
technique that allows one-on-one discussion, which reveals more the people's thoughts,
Given the fact that the interview style is unstructured, the researcher might
persuade the participant to speak and share deeper about the issue or interest being
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talked about (Shaiekh, 2015). It considered as one of the most efficient methods of
collecting primary data because it is used with the goal of gaining deeper understanding
Parveen, 2017).
In this study, the researcher utilized the responses of the participants as the
primary sources of data. The data that gathered from the participants of this study are
from the public elementary school heads who are working in Kapalong East District and
More so, this study made use of secondary data. These data are information that
had been gathered, studied, and published by previous researchers (Hassan, 2023).
These includes published data, research reports, academic journals and other existing
data sets. Moreover, these sources provide second-hand information and commentaries
from other researchers who had described, interpreted, or synthesized the primary
published materials, refereed journals, articles, newspapers, books and the like were
gathered as secondary sources of data and were used to support the data gathered from
the informants/participants.
gather various forms of data through interviewing, observing, documenting, and making
use of audio-visual information. These are forms of data in wherein the participants can
freely share their ideas, not constrained by predetermined scales or instruments. They
have also stressed four aspects as defined by Miles and Huberman (1994) as critical
steps that a qualitative researcher must observe during the data collection phase,
including intentionally selecting sites or settings, the participants, events, and the
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process. The researcher undertook rigorous steps in the data collection procedure and
was engaged in a sequence of activities in collecting data before arriving to complete the
research. In this study, several steps had been followed in the data collection procedure.
First, the manuscript was subjected to ethics review in the Research Ethics
Committee (REC) to secure approval to conduct the study. The researcher ensured that
the protocol meets suitability, content arrangement, and has accurate methodology that
meets ethical rules and health standard protocol. Upon receiving the ethical clearance
for the protocol, the researcher ensured that all stages of the research were complied
correctly and that all the process and activities that are linked with the protocol were
Second, secure the endorsement of the Dean of the Graduate Education of the
institution after the thorough review of the research protocols to ensure that research
personally constructed and prepared an interview guide which was validated by the
instrument validators to ensure that the questions asked during the interviews are
vertically aligned with the purpose of the study and specific research questions.
endorsement letter from the Dean of the Graduate Education, a letter was sent to the
Office of the Schools Division Superintendent in Davao del Norte, after which a letter
seeking permission was also forwarded to the Office of the Schools District Supervisor of
Kapalong East District. Then, upon approval, another letter was communicated with the
Fourth, the participants were identified with the use of the purposive sampling
method using the following inclusion criteria: (a) public elementary school heads (b)
those who are assigned in schools within Kapalong East District, Division of Davao del
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Norte; (c) those who have at least three (3) years of experience in the practice; and (d)
those who acknowledged to have experienced professional burnout after knowing the
results from taking Maslach’s Burnout Inventory. Further, the exclusion criteria for the
participants of this study are the following: (a) school heads coming from the private
elementary schools; (b) school leaders who are not from Kapalong East District. (c)
school leaders who have less than three (3) years of experience in the practice; and (d)
Assured that the participants have experienced the phenomenon being studied
and verbal agreements, and the participants meet the pre-inclusion criteria set in this
study. Moreover, prior to the interview, the researcher conducted an orientation. The
researcher asked permission from the participants to record the orientation. During the
orientation, all the participants were carefully informed of their rights, the risks and
benefits of their participation and the researcher outlined all the procedures that were
done during the data gathering, interpretation and presentation. This orientation was
During the interviews, the participants were given letter consents affixing their
signatures or just their initials. The consent pertains to their willingness to share their
experiences as public elementary school heads dealing with professional burnout and
their voluntary participation in this study that serves as proof and verification of their
Data Privacy Notice to the research participants for them to be aware that I will access
their data, with whom the researcher will disclose or share their data with, and what are
their data privacy rights. `The researcher allowed them to use their dialect and decline
any questions they're not comfortable to answer. The researcher also asked for
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permission to record their responses during the whole interview duration. Each
In addition, the individual in-depth interview (IDI) was conducted in a one to two
hours individual face-to-face interview per participant, in a silent room far from any form
of distractions and upon the participants' discretion and availability. Voice recorder and
field notes were utilized to ensure the validity and reliability that are substantial in this
study's conduct. Also, for individuals who are pregnant, nursing mothers, LGBTQ, senior
citizens, or prefer to conceal their identity, they were allowed to wear a cap or face mask,
or the researcher can ensure their safety by blurring the videos and use technology that
can change and alter the audio recording voices. Further, since participation is voluntary,
if participants feel uncomfortable throughout the interview process, they had the right to
ask questions and to withdraw from the study. The recorded interviews were stored in
the researcher's personal computer and hard drive, ready for transcription.
Lastly, the recorded data were carefully kept in private. The researcher encoded
data using discrete coding, initials, and numerals. Names were kept confidential, and all
data obtained were securely stored in a laptop folder safely, which is encrypted with
password to ensure that the data is secured and are ready for verbatim and exact
transcription and that no personal information will ever be disclosed. Only the
researcher, my adviser, and the data analyst had access to the gathered data. More so,
interviews were recorded and transcribed word-for-word to reinforce the data accuracy.
Thematic analysis proceeded after the transcription, with the help of the data analyst for
the exact data analysis. Furthermore, the data collected shall be saved for three (3)
disclosures, or use. This is to ensure that the researcher can respond to any verification
or validation requests from the Research Ethics Committee or Technical Panel and other
regulatory bodies. Thus, everything was done with the participants’ proper consent.
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Data Analysis
implications for practice, and recommendations for future researches. The data analysis
of this research study followed the four steps developed by Creswell (2007).
The data processing commenced after compiling and transcribing the data. To
keep accurate notes, the recorded data were analyzed, synthesized, and transcribed.
After completing the formal period for data collection, the analysis began. Moreover, to
provide a holistic view, the qualitative data was analyzed and scrutinized collectively.
Content analysis in analyzing the collected data were used in this study. Content
replicable, and is highly flexible. Systematically, the researcher collected data from a
Moreover, in performing the data analysis, the researcher assumed the roles of
and meanings from a large volume of qualitative data in this research, data reduction
More so, this research utilized thematic analysis to analyze the collected and
gathered data. Thematic analysis is a technique to find, evaluate, arrange, explain, and
report patterns in collecting data (Clarke & Braun, 2014). Additionally, Braun & Clarke
(2013), specified six phases of thematic analysis that were carefully followed in this
study; familiarization, where the researcher was familiarized to the data collected thru
coding the data. Next, was creating initial themes involving coding of data where
researcher listed the codes and began to group codes with similar meanings altogether.
After, researcher reviewed the initial themes and data, ensuring that the data's valuable
meanings are captured. Further, researcher named and defined the themes, utilized the
labels created for themes, and write the final result where the researcher will be
presenting the findings and interpretations of the data gathered in this phase.
The researcher formulated the core ideas and significant themes that emerged
from the individual interviews and focus group discussions, following the interview guide
and probing questions that was solicited from the participants which are duly aligned to
the study’s objectives. The entire transcripts and the transcription references were
utilized as basis in formulating and deriving core ideas and identifying the significant
themes were grouped with other similar themes will prevail, out from the experiences,
coping mechanisms, and insights of the public elementary school heads dealing with
professional burnout.
The results of this research are worthy of attention and are critical by
study, the idea of Lincoln and Guba (1985), as cited by Elo et al. (2014) was observed
(Stahi & King, 2020). Relatively, this research study adhered to four strategies to ensure
trustworthiness of the study by Shenton (2004). These include the following: credibility,
Credibility. This refers to the trust that can be placed in the veracity of the
findings of the research. This institutes if the research results represent reliable
information obtained from the original data of the participants and are a correct
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interpretation of the original views of the participants (Korstjens & Moser, 2018).
Furthermore, it serves as a substitute for internal validity and is founded on truth value,
which assesses whether the researcher has developed and expressed varying degrees
of certainty regarding the phenomenon being examined (Lemon & Hayes, 2020). In this
and member checking during the in-depth interviews which are appropriate and well-
questioning. In this study, this will be used in eliciting accurate data, repetitive
questioning is important in which the researcher will elaborately discuss the matters that
will be brought up by the participants and extract data related through rephrasing the
information as it is crucial and therefore, probing questions will be used concerning the
research questions.
credibility of the findings. Results will be given to the participants will and they will be
2021). Transcripts are presented to participants early to ensure that the researcher has
will analyze precise data. This process helps in eliminating the possibilities of
can use member checking during interviews by reiterating, paraphrasing, and clarifying
the participants' responses comments when they are unclear, thus giving the interviewee
a chance to verify or rectify the interpretation of the interviewer on their words (Gray
significant arrangement that can be made to solidify the integrity of the study. In line with
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this, the participants were asked to read the transcribed transcripts, as part of the
member checking process. After such, the participants were given certificates affixing
their initials or signatures as a shred of evidence, that the transcribed answers are clear
and acceptable. This was made to guarantee the truthfulness of the description of data
Since a tape recorder was used, the articulations themselves will be correctly
recorded, and the focus will be on whether the participants believe their words matched
what they meant. The participants were granted permission on the data, interpretations,
and conclusions. They were able to explain their intentions, correct mistakes, and
provide additional information as needed in the result of this study. In doing this, the
researchers can confirm the preciseness of their understanding to the participants during
Dependability. This refers to the stability of the research findings over the time.
whether the study is repeated with the same researcher or with a different one, in the
evaluate proper research practices and provide in-depth methodological descriptions for
study replications. The researcher also updated the progress regularly, schedules, and
deadlines based on the research matrix, diagrams and flowcharts for conducting the
study. Moreover, the researcher will provide the readers with adequate details to assess
the reliability of both the researcher and the study itself. Analyzing focus group data
made it easier to replicate findings and draw correct inferences to their context from the
text, all to offer new perspectives, to better understand the phenomenon, detailed, and
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realistic behavior. Consequently, to address the issues on dependability more clearly, the
process of the study was specified, allowing potential researchers to repeat the work, but
certainly not having the same results. Likewise, seeking feedback and guidance from his
research adviser helped the researcher to provide valuable insights and assistance
validated by others (Guba & Lincoln, 1983 as cited by Trochim, 2020). Ensure that the
findings are the result of independent research methods and not biased consciously or
unconsciously, it is important that other researchers can replicate the results (Devault,
limitations, thorough methodological descriptions that can be used to verify the integrity
of research results, and audit trails are also applicable regulations for creating verifiable
initiatives. The researcher ensures that the results of the research are the result of the
expectations and ideas of the research participants and not the interests and desires of
the researcher.
A clear explanation of this research processes was made available to ensure the
validity of the research. The research design and execution were explained to gain
thorough interpretation on the methods chosen and their efficiency for the readers of the
research report. At each point of the research process, the proof of a decision trail was
recorded and created. More so, a detailed methodological analysis enables the reader to
evaluate the acceptability of the data and constructs that has been derived from it. A
transparent overview of these research steps was properly documented from the
beginning of this research project to developing and publishing results thru the interview
transcripts. Moreover, in forming the basis for themes, samples from the coding process,
descriptions on how the individual codes are made into themes by the researcher, and
analysis on what specific codes are to be gathered together are included in this study.
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To ensure the confirmability of this study, the researcher banked on audit trail. All
the raw data, observation notes, interviews, records, and documents collected in the
field of study were kept to facilitate the entire process of inquiry. At the same time, this
provided the researcher an easier way of tracking and following the participants’
responses which in turn made it easier for the data analyst to analyze the data.
Consequently, the researcher stored all the documents with regards to what has been
done in the study's conduct. This also included other personnel like the research panel
and adviser had checked the analysis and results presented extensively and had
context of the research and the fundamental assumptions on the research (Kyngäs
et al., 2020). Transferability can be attained through a detailed and thick description
of the results of multiple data collection methods (Stahl & King, 2020).
overview of the investigation and participants chosen were handled with utmost care.
researcher made detailed and thick description on the method and the phenomenon
being studied to ensure that the data is preserved so that the analysis becomes more
Ethical Considerations
Adherence to research ethics promotes research goals, values that are important
misconduct, increasing public support and many other important moral and social values
(Resnik, 2020). In view of this, the study adhered to the ten (10) elements of an ethical
research, which according to Bhandari (2021) will guide the researcher on the designs
and practices that the study shall undertake and guarantee to protect the rights of the
research participants, the research validity is enhanced and the academic integrity is
maintained.
To guarantee that this research was ethically conducted, this study had
undergone review by the SMCTI-REC before conducting the study. Consequently, this
research was subjected to the protocols of the SMCTI-REC. Furthermore, before the
conduct of the interview, full approval of the participants shall be. Protection of their
privacy was guaranteed and they were given assurance of the confidentiality of their
answers.
Social Value. This refers to possible impacts of conducting the study to the
members of the school community (van Delden & van der Graaf, 2021). In addition,
social value refers to the contribution of the research to an existent social problem so
that the results are predicted to improve the understanding of the problems or give
contribution in promoting the welfare of individuals, their families and societies. (PHREB,
2022).
elementary school heads in Kapalong East District. Further, the study will help in
providing administrators knowledge on how to deal and overcome burnout and work
towards the accomplishment of the school's aims and goals. The officials from the
human resource management office will benefit as well by earning a better knowledge of
the factors that straightly and obliquely affects the school heads resulting to being
burned-out which can be utilized as basis in effectively creating tools that are authentic
Additionally, this research will help school heads in distinguishing their strengths
as well as fields that needs improvement to perform more efficiently as school managers
of education and main enforcers of the curriculums’ programs. Stakeholders will benefit
from the results of this study on the burnout management of principals by using the
outcomes of the study as a basis for creating, enhancing, and preserving leadership and
conduct the study, ensuring that they have full understanding of all the relevant facts,
including risks, available alternatives, benefits as well as methods of the study (Shah et
know what is being asked from them, and participants must be capable to give consent.
This indicates that participants needed to be briefed about the study sufficiently,
understand the information, and given the choice and autonomy to make decisions to
researcher thoroughly explained the study's intent and how their responses will be
included in this paper. The consent consisted of the participant's freedom to refuse from
just their initials if deemed so. Furthermore, the researcher made sure that the
With this, consent and approval from the Dean of the Graduate School and the
SMCTI-REC was secured by the researcher before conducting the study. Furthermore,
the researcher asked for authorization from the Schools Division Superintendent of
Davao del Norte and the Public Schools District Supervisor of Kapalong East District.
Participants were chosen based on the set of criteria for selecting the participants of the
19
study. Thus, the participants involved participated according to their will, and therefore,
the interview only commenced after they have signed the consent and were guaranteed
that their identities were held confidential and will not be disclosed during the
individual qualities such as people in an inferior position to the researcher. The research
research and the traits of the possible participants. Vulnerability indicates that a person
is susceptible to harms and risks related to research, or that further protection is needed
to protect the potential participants from research-related risks or harms (Biros, 2018).
The participants of this research were the school heads dealing with burnout.
They are considered as non-vulnerable as they are in legal age, professionals, and
competent individuals who are rational and achieved level of proficiency in leading ang
managing schools. The researcher will recruit the participants by communicating with
them through in-person interaction or via messenger which will prioritize their well-being.
To ensure that the in-depth interview generated meaningful responses, the interview
guide were validated by experts. The participants’ schedule were considered as they are
also having several engagements and appointments being the managers and leaders of
their respective schools. Lastly, to safeguard them from vulnerability, their identity were
Risks, Benefits, and Safety. According to Moller (2019), risk refers to the
possible harm and danger that the respondents might encounter during the conduct of
the study, benefits is defined as the advantages that a respondent received from
participating in the research, while safety pertains to the protection given to the
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respondents in the course of the study. These possible risks and benefits should
specifically appear in the written informed consents and documents utilized in the
Terms of risks, benefits, and safety are all factors to be considered. The
researcher ensured that the participants were never exposed to danger as they took part
in the data collection. Participants in the study were given complete details about the
study, including all risks and benefits, if there is any. The participants were free to
choose whether to participate or not. Research benefits might forge cordiality between
the researcher and the participants, knowledge or education gained from participating, or
Also, interviews were done during the free time of the informants/participants in
order not to cause any economic risks on their works/job and to ensure that their work-
related duties and responsibilities are not affected due to their participation in the study.
Besides, the possible risk of identifying their responses were avoided by observing
exposure, loss of respect, embarrassment, and the like were avoided by keeping the
identities of the informants and participants. This were done by using pseudonyms or
Moreover, interview questions utilized in this study were checked by the experts
to ensure they won’t cause harm. The researcher performed an intensive evaluation of
possible risks and benefits, and a safety approach were applied both in acquiring
permission and during the research process. Also, possible risks such as discomforts,
The researcher made sure to employ measures to alleviate these risks. Furthermore,
they were made to understand that their participation shall significantly contribute to the
generation of new knowledge in the field education which be of great advantage in the
21
development and improvement of its implementation, and such alone outweighs the
possible risks and harm that this study may encounter. Finally, the results and
recommendations from this study will be shared with the Department of Education in
Davao del Norte to help in the creation of programs, projects, activities, and
interventions that may help in addressing burnout among school heads within the
division.
Privacy refers to the freedom from intruding into an individuals' personal affairs and
information, while confidentiality refers to personal information that can be shared with
others and usually cannot be disclosed to third parties without the expression of consent
of the individual concerned. Consequently, the researchers should retain any shared
particular respondent were highly avoided. The privacy and confidentiality of information
was upheld throughout the conduct of the study. The report did not mention the names,
designations, or any other characteristics of any of the participants involved in the study.
In this research, coding was utilized by the researcher in the IDI. Thus, the researcher
used field notes to guarantee confidentiality of their responses and their identities
through anonymity. Consequently, participants were assured that the data to be gathered
will be solely used to answer the study's objectives. The recorded data were carefully
kept securely in a location where the researcher only knew, and no personal information
will ever be revealed or disclosed. Only research personnel had access to the files,
participants. They were guaranteed of their rights of privacy and confidentiality if the
mandates of the Implementing Rules and Regulation of the Data Privacy Act of 2012
was ensured by the researcher. The processing of personal data is permitted if the
requirements of the law and other laws enabling the publication of data and the
guaranteed if the data were used for purposes other than those mentioned in this study
or if confidentiality was waived due to the research design of the study. The findings will
only be stored after the study has been completed and will be destroyed thru burning the
files and deleting all the digital files or medias including personal information so that the
Justice. According to the Philippine Health Research Ethics Board (2022), the
principle of justice requires that all those who benefit from the research and its results
have the right to participate and contribute to it, and at the same time share in the
One vital principle that was observed in this study is the principle of justice,
which was employed through fairness to all the participants involved in the study. All
that everyone experienced the phenomenon. The researcher gave equal opportunities to
all the participants that they may be able to share their experiences as school heads
dealing with professional burnout. The researcher listened to their voices and
experiences and surely avoid any form of debasement or any untoward display of
behavior that may cause discomfort to the participants. The researcher ensured that
In addition, the researcher fully respected and honored their autonomy in giving
weight to their thoroughly considered thoughts and decisions while avoiding interfering
with their acts, thereby securing their well-being through protecting their identity through
utmost anonymity. Furthermore, the needs of the research participants were taken
precedence over the study's objectives. Nevertheless, the results of this research were
of sharing and disseminating the research outcomes. It allows the evaluation of the
evidence, analysis, and research design behind the knowledge claims made by
help ensure that their work is trustworthy, reliable, and of high quality by making their
methods, data, and results openly available for scrutiny by the community (Colaiacomo,
2023).
In dealing with transparency, the researcher ensured and protected the proper
interests were resolved and disclosed by the researcher in order to avoid biases.
Besides, the researcher made sure that only correct and accurate data were recorded
with complete integrity. Moreover, each participant was provided a copy of their
research involving human participants should have. These include standards such as
proposed research.
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eligible to assume responsibility for this study's proper conduct and guarantee human
research subjects' safety based on his education, training, and experience received over
the years. Additionally, the researcher is a teacher for two-very-satisfactory years in the
Department of Education in the Division of Davao del Norte. Adequately, the researcher,
is professionally accountable for this study's conduct, without any conflict of interest and
Consequently, the researcher asked for guidance and advices from his adviser,
from the panel members, and from his colleagues who have exceptional knowledge in
this method. They had given guidance to the researcher towards the completion of the
research. The researcher sought advice from his adviser time to time and was given
advices in relation to the formats and contents of the research. Lastly, suggestions and
recommendations of the technical panel were followed and incorporated in the final draft.
and accessible essential materials, equipment, and other resources in the conduct of the
The researcher ensured to utilize the available and accessible essential materials
in this research. Libraries and online sources were utilized for additional sources to
intensify and fortify the data analysis and interpretation. Other materials that are of great
reinforcements on the study were made available and obtainable. The research adviser
recommendations was provided by the group of experts. They were asked and
25
consulted as well to guide the researcher in conducting the study but also in presenting
research is often referred to as community engagement and entails sharing the results
and findings to one’s local community or broader society by conducting related activities
or initiatives. In addition, it has the possibility to enhance the distribution, uptake, and
This study sought approval from the and from Dean of the Graduate School and
the SMCTI-REC before conducting the study. Furthermore, the researcher also asked
permission from the Schools Division Superintendent of Davao del Norte and the Public
Schools District Supervisor of Kapalong East District. Informed consents from the
participants were ensured to make them fully aware of their involvement in the research.
In addition, the results of the research were aimed toward community involvement.
Benefits will be offered back by the researcher to the participants included in this
research by sharing the outcomes and inferences on the findings of the study. This will
school heads.
Lastly, this chapter encompasses the research procedures and essential actions
to be undertaken. It also outlines the discussions and explanations regarding the study’s
scope, focus, participants, involved offices, and authorities, and whose approval and
consent are the priority before conducting research. In addition, it explains the step-by-
step process of collecting data which is the most critical part of doing research up until
the data analysis down to its results and findings. It is emphasized that any research will
conform to the utmost trustworthiness, which can be attained through taking rigorous
steps and employing strategies with care and prudence. Also, it is important to
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remember that in doing any research, adherence to and following ethical considerations