Contents Description Assignments Grading Materials Absences

POLITEKNIK KOTA BHARU

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
DPP20013 INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
SESSION: II 2023/2024

CASE STUDY
CHINA
NAME MATRIX NUMBER

MUHAMMAD ‘ADIL HAZIQ BIN SHAHRASNI 04DPM21F2060

MUHAMMAD DANISH AKMAL BIN AZMI 04DPM21F2077

MUHAMMAD NAJMI BIN GHAZALI 04DPM21F2084

TENGKU ALIF HAIKAL BIN TENGKU JOHARI 04DPM21F2110

SYED MUHAMAD ANIQ NAZMI BIN SYED MOHD AKMAL 04DPM22F2009

PREPARED FOR: PUAN MASIDAH BINTI MASRI

Contents Description Assignments Grading Materials Absences

Table of Contents.
Introduction

Elements of Culture

Hofstede’ Cultural Dimensions

Conlusion
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Introduction-China
China, with its vast landmass and over 1.4 billion people, stands
as a multifaceted mosaic of history, culture, and economic
prowess. Its rich tapestry of civilization, spanning millennia, is
woven with the threads of dynastic rule, philosophical
traditions, and artistic achievements. Today, China's meteoric
rise as a global economic powerhouse has reshaped the
geopolitical landscape, with cities like Beijing and Shanghai
pulsating with innovation and dynamism. Yet, alongside its
economic success, China grapples with challenges such as
environmental degradation, social inequality, and human rights
concerns, all against the backdrop of a one-party political
system led by the Communist Party of China. Its influence
extends far beyond its borders, impacting global trade,
diplomacy, and technological advancements, making China an
indispensable player on the world stage.
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Elements Of Culture
1. Aesthetic

Calligraphy:
• Calligraphy is considered one of the highest art forms in Chinese culture, involving the
skilful and expressive writing of Chinese characters with brush and ink.
• It is valued not only for its visual beauty but also for its ability to convey emotion,
meaning, and cultural significance.
• Different styles of calligraphy, such as seal script, clerical script, regular script, cursive
script, and running script, offer varying degrees of artistic expression and complexity.

Landscape Painting:
• Landscape painting holds a prominent place in traditional Chinese art, reflecting a deep
appreciation for nature, harmony, and spiritual connection.
• Artists often depict mountains, rivers, trees, and other natural elements using ink and
watercolour on silk or paper, employing techniques such as "moist ink" and "dry
brush" to create depth and atmosphere.
• Landscape paintings not only capture the physical beauty of the natural world but also
convey philosophical ideas, emotions, and the artist's inner landscape.
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Elements Of Culture
2. Religion

Taoism:
• Taoism is an ancient Chinese philosophical and religious tradition centered around the
concept of "Tao," meaning the fundamental force or principle underlying the universe.
• It emphasizes living in harmony with nature, cultivating inner peace, and following the
teachings of Laozi and Zhuangzi.
• Taoist practices include meditation, qigong (energy cultivation), and the pursuit of
immortality through alchemy.

Buddhism:
• Buddhism was introduced to China from India around the 1st century CE and has since
become one of the major religions practiced in the country.
• It teaches the Four Noble Truths—suffering, the cause of suffering, the cessation of suffering,
and the path to the cessation of suffering—and the Eightfold Path.
• Buddhist practices in China include meditation, chanting, and acts of compassion and charity,
with various schools such as Chan (Zen) Buddhism and Pure Land Buddhism having significant
followings.
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Elements Of Culture
3. Technology & Material

The Great Wall:

• The Great Wall of China stands as a testament to ancient Chinese engineering prowess
and strategic foresight.
• Constructed over centuries, it spans thousands of kilometers across China's northern
frontier, serving as a defensive fortification against invasions.
• its construction involved sophisticated techniques such as bricklaying, earthworks, and
strategic placement, showcasing advanced architectural and military engineering skills of
ancient China.

Chinese Porcelain:
• Chinese porcelain, often referred to as "China," is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite
craftsmanship and artistic beauty.
• Dating back to ancient times, Chinese porcelain has been prized for its delicate forms,
intricate designs, and vibrant colors.
• It has been a significant export commodity, influencing global trade and cultural
exchange, while also symbolizing refinement, cultural heritage, and artistic innovation in
Chinese material culture.
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Elements Of Culture
4. Language

Historical Legacy:
• Chinese characters reflect millennia of history, embodying cultural shifts and philosophical
ideas.
• Learning Chinese means delving into its rich historical context and understanding its ancient
traditions.

Respect and Hierarchy:

• Chinese language emphasizes respect and hierarchy, with specific linguistic conventions
based on age, status, and relationship.
• Politeness and deference are crucial for maintaining social harmony and upholding cultural
values in communication.
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Elements Of Culture
5. Social organization

Family System:
• The family holds paramount importance in Chinese society, serving as the fundamental
unit of social organization.
• Confucian principles emphasize filial piety, respect for elders, and the maintenance of
family harmony.
• Extended family networks often play a crucial role in daily life, providing support,
guidance, and social connections.

Hierarchical Structure:
• Chinese society traditionally follows a hierarchical structure, with an emphasis on social
order and respect for authority.
• This structure is influenced by Confucianism, which emphasizes obedience to authority
figures and adherence to social roles based on age, gender, and social status.
• Respect for hierarchy is evident in various aspects of Chinese life, including education,
employment, and interpersonal relationships, shaping social interactions and
expectations.
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Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

1. Individualism vs. Collectivism:

Emphasis on collective goals and harmony over individual achievements:

• Chinese culture traditionally prioritizes the well-being of the group over individual success. Family, community, and
societal harmony are often seen as more important than personal aspirations.

Strong loyalty to family, organization, and community:

• Chinese individuals tend to have strong bonds with their families, communities, and workplaces. Loyalty and support
for one's social network are highly valued.

Group consensus and decision-making are valued over individual opinions:

• In Chinese culture, decisions are often made collectively, with input from various stakeholders. Consensus-building
and harmony within the group are emphasized over individual preferences.
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Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

2. Power Distance Index:

Respect for authority and hierarchical structures in both business and society:

• Chinese society traditionally values respect for authority figures and hierarchical structures, whether in the family,
workplace, or government.

Clear distinction between superiors and subordinates:

• There is a clear delineation between those in positions of authority and those who are subordinate, and deference to
authority is expected.

Decisions often made by those in authority without much consultation:

• Decision-making in China often relies on top-down approaches, with those in positions of power making significant
decisions without extensive input from subordinates.
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Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

3. Uncertainty Avoidance Index:

Preference for clear rules and guidelines in business and personal life:
• Chinese culture tends to prefer structured environments with clear rules and guidelines to navigate uncertainty.

Willingness to adapt to change while maintaining stability:

• valuing stability, Chinese society also demonstrates a willingness to adapt to changing circumstances, especially in the
context of rapid economic development.

Moderate level of uncertainty avoidance compared to some other cultures:

• While there is a preference for stability, there is also an acknowledgment of the need to adapt to changing conditions,
leading to a moderate level of uncertainty avoidance
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Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

4. Masculinity vs Femininity:

• Traditional gender roles in China often emphasize masculinity, with traits like assertiveness, competitiveness, and
ambition valued in both personal and professional contexts.

• However, there's also an increasing recognition of feminine qualities such as empathy, collaboration, and nurturing,
particularly in modern workplaces and leadership styles.

• Efforts to promote gender equality and diversity are gradually gaining traction, challenging traditional stereotypes and
fostering a more inclusive work culture.
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Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

5. Long-term Orientation vs. Short-term Orientation

• Chinese culture typically has a long-term orientation, characterized by a focus on perseverance, thrift, and future
planning.

• Business relationships are often built on trust and long-term commitments, with an emphasis on building rapport and
establishing mutual benefit over time.

• Investments in education, infrastructure, and technological innovation reflect a forward-thinking approach aimed at
securing future prosperity and stability.
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Thank You