Prof Ed 108: TTL 1 — Unit 4 any person who wants to take a course, with no

Flexible Learning Environment limit on attendance.

Types of Distance Education
Online Distance Education and Communities of
Synchronous and Asynchronous
Learning
In programming, synchronous operations block
Learning nowadays is viewed differently. The
instructions until the task is completed, while
present generation of learners has access to
asynchronous operations can execute without
information at their fingertips. The teacher is no
blocking other operations. Asynchronous
longer seen as basically the dispenser of
operations are generally completed by firing an
knowledge but rather as one who expertly directs
event or by calling a provided callback function. An
learners to take their own track in searching for
online chat at real time is the Synchronous session,
answers to questions raised inside the classroom.
Course participants meet in a virtual classroom and
Online Distance Learning discuss the topic of lessons. So, wherever they are
situated in the world, they agree on a scheduled
A ‘form of education in which the main elements
session and log in to join the live class. The LMS
include physical separation of teachers and
has this feature. The teacher called the online tutor
students during instruction and the use of various
facilities the discussion. Ideas are posted in an
technologies to facilitate student-teacher and
actual live class. One cannot lecture and take all
student-student communication.’ Online learning:
the time in explaining. In this mode, the course
‘education that takes place over the internet’.
participants are made to engage in the flow of
Online distance learning is not a new concept. discussion that is why, the online tutor has a plan
Some schools, higher education institutions in the out the instruction guide in facilitating the discourse.
country, and educational agencies such as the Another important feature is the Asynchronous
Southeast Asian Ministers of Education session. This is when questions or task are posted,
Innovations in Educational Technology and course participants answer the question or post
(SEAMEO-INNOTECH) provide a mode of their reply at any time most convenient to them.
learning. It allows flexibility in learning to a certain They can still participate in the discussion by
extent. replying to the post. One advantage is that you can
take your time when replying
Both synchronous and asynchronous transmission
Different Platforms have their benefits and limitations. Asynchronous
MOODLE - is a free and open-source learning transmission is used for sending a small amount of
management system written in PHP and distributed data while asynchronous transmission is used for
under the GNU General Public License. Moodle is sending bulk amounts of data. Thus, we can say
used for blended learning, distance education, that both synchronous and asynchronous
flipped classroom and other online learning projects transmission are essential for the overall process of
in schools, universities, workplaces and other data transmission
sectors. Blended Learning
GOOGLE CLASSROOM - is a free blended Blended Learning is an approach to education that
learning platform developed by Google for combines online educational materials and
educational institutions that aims to simplify opportunities for interaction online with traditional
creating, distributing, and grading assignments. place-based classroom methods. Another way of
SCHOOLOGY - is a web-based learning handling flexible learning is by combining
management system (LMS) that allows teachers modalities of instructional delivery. Kinds of
to create and assign both traditional and creative Blended Learning is highly context dependent.
tasks. Therefore, a universal conception of it is hard to
come by.
MOOCs - A massive open online course (MOOC)
is a model for delivering learning content online to
Blended Learning is a combination of learning classroom courses at the same time and therefore
activities wherein a part of the lesson is delivered have blocked schedules.
online while the other part is handled in actual
physical setting of a classroom. It requires the
physical presence of both teacher and student, with
some elements of students, with some elements of
students control over time, place, path, or pace. Model 5: Self-Blend

Blended learning is a term increasingly used to This Model is a system provided by the school
describe the way e-learning is being combined with where the students can choose the courses they
traditional classroom methods and independent would like to have in addition to their typical brick-
study to create a new, hybrid teaching and-mortar classroom classes. This model is
methodology. It represents a much greater change always remote a major difference from the online
in basic technique than simply adding computers to lab.
classrooms; it represents, in many cases, a Model 6: Online Driver
fundamental change in the way teachers and
students approach the learning experience. The online-driver model utilizes a platform and a
teacher that delivers all curricula. Students
remotely work on their program most of the time. If
Types of Blended Learning ever there is face-to-face component, it is made
optional or if ever it is required for students to go to
Model 1: Face-to-Face Driver the physical leaming environment such in a school,
then it can be extracurricular activities augmenting
In the face-to-face model, the teacher delivers the
the curriculum.
curricula most of the time and utilizes online
learning at certain times with the purpose to
augment or provide an alternative experience.
Instruction is provided in a computer laboratory or Online Communities of Learning/Social
assigned tasks are uploaded online. Networking

Model 2: Rotation What is Social Networking?

In a course or subject, students rotate on a fixed Social networking is the process of creating,
schedule between learning online in a one-to-one, sharing, and exchanging information, ideas, and
self-paced learning environment and being inside interests with others through online platforms. It
the classroom with a face-to-face teacher. This is enables individuals to connect, communicate, and
the model that is in between the traditional face-to- build relationships with others who share similar
face earning and online learning. interests, backgrounds, or professions.

Model 3: Flex
This model uses online platform that delivers most Types of Social Networking Platforms
of the course. Support to learning provides as 1. Facebook: Largest social network, allowing
needed through on-site support or by an online users to share profiles, blogs, pictures, and videos.
tutor who facilitates the tutorial or small groups 2. Twitter: Microblogging platform for real-time
sessions. Sessions can be arranged into news, discussions, and short messages (tweets).
synchronous or asynchronous. Course participants 3. LinkedIn: Professional networking for career
may work on their tasks at any convenient time if it development, job searching, and industry
is within the confines of the course duration. connections.
Model 4: Online Lab 4. Google+: Comprehensive platform for
communication, sharing, and community building.
The online lab model uses an online platforms in 5. YouTube: Video-sharing platform for
delivering the course but located in a physical entertainment, education, and marketing.
classroom or computer laboratory. Online lab model 6. Pinterest: Visual discovery and planning website
of blended learning may be enrolled in a traditional using digital bulletin boards.
7. Instagram: Visual storytelling platform for 3. Adware a program designed to send you
sharing photos, videos, and stories. advertisements, mostly as pop- ups
8. Tumblr: Microblogging platform combining social
4. Pharming and Phishing its goal is to acquire
media and blogging features.
sensitive personal information like passwords and
9. Bebo: Blogging and social networking platform.
credit card details. This is done by sending you an
e-mail that will direct the user to visit a fake website
and be asked to update his/her username,
Benefits of using Social Networking Sites
password, credit card or personal information.
• The world has become a global village
Hackers
through connectivity.
• Getting connected to family and friends is is A person who breaks into computers, usually by
now a few clicks away. gaining access to administrative control. Distribute
• It is an easy access to keeping in touch with malware that steals data experienced criminals.
friends or keeping tabs on family. A major They are knowledgeable about infiltrating computer
advantage of social networking websites is that networks, extort money from businesses,
they provide a lot of information. government agencies, or individuals.
• Social networking websites can support
learning or augment educational activities.
1. Black Hat Hackers are cybercriminals that
illegally crack systems with malicious intent.
Dangers of using Social Networking Sites Seeking to gain unauthorized access to computer
systems is the definition of black hat hacking.
• One major risk is making friends with
strangers who may be a predator or a cyberbully 2. Gray Hat Hackers is someone who may violate
ethical standards or principles, but without the
• Topping these risks is also the danger of
malicious intent ascribed to black hat hackers.
users getting hooked on the internet and may learn
to ignore the real world. 3. White Hat Hackers are ethical security hackers
who identify and fix vulnerabilities. Hacking into
Safeguarding Oneself on Using Social Networking
systems with the permission of the organizations
Sites
they hack into, white hat hackers try to uncover
system weaknesses in order to fix them and help
strengthen a system's overall security.
Internet Threats
Refer to various types of malicious activities and
risks that can compromise the security and privacy 9 Ways to PROTECT YOURSELF WHILE USING
of users and their data when connected to the SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES
internet. These threats are diverse and continually
1. A social networking account has passwords and
evolving as technology advances.
login details. Secure passwords and keep them
private.

Here are some common internet threats: 2. Log out every time you use public computers.

1. Virus a malicious program designed to replicate 3. Regularly check privacy settings of social
itself and transfer from one computer to another networking websites so that only direct friends or
(internet, local networks, FDs, CDs, etc.) those particularly known can see the post.

2. Trojan a malicious program that disguises as a 4. Online post are saved and may become a
useful program but once downloaded or installed, permanent part of their online reputation.
leaves your PC unprotected and allows hackers to
5. Do not accept invite from contacts unless you
get your information. (ex. Pirated software)
know them personally or you are sure of their
identity,
6. Seriously consider the effect of possible post on E-Library - It’s an electronic or online library where
others before deciding to do so. one can have access to books, journals, novels,
articles, or any other information over net.
7. Using appropriate language is essential the tone
when communicating or sending social networking
messages should be respectful.
Educational Technology and Mobile Learning
8. When there is an indication of harassment or
• Educational Technology (EdTech) refers to the
abuse it is advised that you report this by clicking
application of technology and digital tools in the
the report button of accuse. It is better still to talk to
field of education, including everything from online
friends or trusted adults about the case.
courses, interactive learning materials, mobile
9. Bullying takes place even in social networking learning, and computer-based assessments.
websites. Cyberbullying uses the sites messages
update and other functions to harass, intimidate, or
humiliate an individual. • Mobile Learning (M-Learning) refers to
educational practices that uses smartphone, tablets
A. Ignore the behavior by not responding at all
and other mobile devices as a platform for learning.
B. block the person
It includes the use of educational apps, online
C. click the report button of abuse
learning platforms, and mobile - friendly educational
D. talk to a trustworthy adult about it
websites and resources.

Online Resources Educational Sites and Portals

GDCF Ninjas 24 Great Educational Tools
What is Online Resources?
• GDCF (Global Digital Citizen Foundation)
• In ICT (Information and Communications Ninjas 24 Great Educational Tools program
Technology) context, online resources refer to any provides educators with a valuable resource to
type of digital data or information that is accessible enhance their teaching practices and engage
over the internet. students in the digital age.

Types of Online Resources • Funbrain is an online educational platforms

design to help students develop their reading and
Web pages - is a document written in hypertext
comprehension skills. The platform features a wide
(also know as HTML) that you can see online,
variety of interactive and engaging activities,
using a web browser.
including games, puzzle, and trivia quizzes, that are
Blogs - Online journal where posted information designed to make learning fun and exciting.
from both teachers and students are arranged.
Forums - These are online communities where
• K to 12 Resources are a comprehensive set of
users can participate in discussions related to a
learning materials that cover the entire spectrum of
specific topic or theme.
education from kindergarten to 12th grade.
Wiki - An editable websites usually with limited
• These resources are designed to provide teacher
access, allows students to collaboratively create an
and students with the information, skills, and tools
post written work or digital files, such as digital
they need to succeed in all aspects of their
photo or videos.
educational journey, from the early years of
Podcast - Video or audio multiple clip about a elementary school to the advanced academic
single topic typically in the format of the radio talk courses available in high school.
show.

• National Geographic.com is a comprehensive

online destination that offers a wide range of
resources for readers who are interested in
exploring the world and its cultures.1