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The name was changed due to legal amendments on July 1, 2019. Except for the preface, please read "Japanese Industrial Standards" as "Japanese Industrial Standards" throughout this standard.

Japanese Industrial Standards JIS

G 3561-1994

Oil-tempered wire for valve springs

Oil tempered wire for valve springs

1. Scope This standard applies to oil-tempered wire (hereinafter referred to as "oil-tempered wire") used for valve springs or equivalent springs in internal combustion engines.
Below, called the line.)
Note: The standards cited in this standard are as follows:
JIS G 0558 Measurement method for decarburized layer depth in steel
JIS G 3502 Piano wire
JIS K 1310 Hydrochloric acid (synthetic)
JIS Z 2241 Metallic material tensile test method

2. Types, symbols and applicable wire diameters There are three types of wire, and their symbols and applicable wire diameters are as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Types, symbols and applicable wire diameters
kinds symbol Applicable wire diameter
Oil-tempered carbon steel wire for valve springs SWO-V 2.00mm or more and 6.00mm or less
Chrome vanadium steel for valve springs SWOCV-V 2.00mm or more and 10.0mm or less
Oil Tempered Wire
Silicon chrome steel for valve springs SWOSC-V 0.50mm to 8.00mm
Oil Tempered Wire

3. Chemical composition The chemical composition of the material used in the manufacture of wire based on molten steel analysis is shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Chemical composition
unit%
symbol C S Mn P S Cr Cu V
SWO-V 0.60-0.75 0.12-0.32 0.60-0.90 0.025 or less 0.025 or less − Less than 0.20 −
SWOCV-V 0.45-0.55 0.15-0.35 0.65-0.95 0.025 or less 0.025 or less 0.80-1.10 Less than 0.200.15 - 0.25
SWOSC-V 0.51-0.59 1.20-1.60 0.50-0.80 0.025 or less 0.025 or less 0.50-0.80 Less than 0.20 −

4. Mechanical properties
4.1 Tensile strength The wire shall be subjected to the test in 9.2, and the tensile strength shall be in accordance with Table 3.
 The name was changed due to legal amendments on July 1, 2019. Except for the preface, please read "Japanese Industrial Standards" as "Japanese Industrial Standards" throughout this standard.

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G 3561-1994
$7.59 $18.40 $3.40 $4.59 $8,000 $8.60 $1,500

Table 3 Tensile strength

Units: N/mm2
Standard Wire Diameter(1)
SWO-V SWOCV-V SWOSC-V
(mm)
0.50 − − 2 010〜2 160
0.60 − − 2 010〜2 160
0.70 − − 2 010〜2 160
0.80 − − 2 010〜2 160
0.90 − − 2 010〜2 160
1.00 − − 2 010〜2 160
1.20 − − 2 010〜2 160
1.40 − − 1 960 to 2 110
1.60 − − 1 960 to 2 110
1.80 − − 1 960 to 2 110
2.00 1 620 to 1 770 1 570 to 1 720 1 910 to 2 060
2.30 1 620 to 1 770 1 570 to 1 720 1 910 to 2 060
2.60 1 620 to 1 770 1 570 to 1 720 1 910 to 2 060
2.90 1 620 to 1 770 1 570 to 1 720 1 910 to 2 060
3.00 1 570 to 1 720 1 570 to 1 720 1 860〜2 010
3.20 1 570 to 1 720 1 570 to 1 720 1 860〜2 010
3.50 1 570 to 1 720 1 570 to 1 720 1 860〜2 010
4.00 1 570 to 1 720 1 520 to 1 670 1 810 to 1 960
4.50 1 520 to 1 670 1 520 to 1 670 1 810 to 1 960
5.00 1 520 to 1 670 1 470〜1 620 1 760 to 1 910
5.50 1 470〜1 620 1 470〜1 620 1 760 to 1 910
5.60 1 470〜1 620 1 470〜1 620 1 710 to 1 860
6.00 1 470〜1 620 1 470〜1 620 1 710 to 1 860
6.50 − 1 420 to 1 570 1 710 to 1 860
7.00 − 1 420 to 1 570 1 660 to 1 810
7.50 − 1 370〜1 520 1 660 to 1 810
8.00 − 1 370〜1 520 1 660 to 1 810
8.50 − 1 370〜1 520 −
9.00 − 1 370〜1 520 −
9.50 − 1 370〜1 520 −
10.0 − 1 370〜1 520 −
Note (1) Standard wire diameters are as specified in 5.1.
Note: For the tensile strength of intermediate wire diameters, use the value of the larger standard wire diameter.
4.2 The drawing of the wire shall be performed in accordance with 9.2 for wires with a diameter of 1.00 mm or more, and the drawing shall be in accordance with Table 4.
Table 4 Aperture
Wire diameter mm Aperture %
1.00 or higher 3.50 or less Over 45
Over 3.50 and 10.0 or less Over 40
4.3 Torsion property The torsion property of the wire shall be determined by carrying out the test in accordance with 9.3 for wires with a wire diameter of 0.70 mm or more and 6.00 mm o
The state of twist and fracture surface shall be as shown in Table 5.
Table 5. Twisting condition and fracture surface condition
Twisted situation After fracture, there shall be no harmful defects on the surface.
Fracture surface condition
The fracture surface must be perpendicular to the line axis and must be free of scratches, cracks, etc.
The name was changed due to legal amendments on July 1, 2019. Except for the preface, please read "Japanese Industrial Standards" as "Japanese Industrial Standards" throughout this standard.

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G 3561-1994

4.4 Windability The windability of the wire shall be determined by carrying out the test in accordance with 9.4 for wires with a diameter of 6.00 mm or less, and the surface of the wire sh
It must not be scratched or broken.
4.5 Bendability The bendability of the wire is measured by the test in 9.5 for wires with a diameter of 6.00 mm or more, and the surface of the wire is checked for harmful substances.
It must not be scratched or broken.

5. Wire diameter, shape and tolerance

5.1 Standard wire diameter Standard wire diameter is as shown in Table 6.
Table 6 Standard wire diameter
Unit: mm
0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.20 1.40
1.60 1.80 2.00 2.30 2.60 2.90 3.00 3.20
3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 5.60 6.00 6.50
7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.0
5.2 Wire diameter tolerance and deviation The wire diameter shall be measured as specified in 9.6, and the tolerance and deviation (2) shall be in accordance with Table 7.
Note (2) The deviation in diameter means the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters of a wire in the same cross section.
Table 7 Wire diameter tolerance and deviation
Unit: mm
Wire diameter tolerance Diameter deviation
0.50 or higher 3.20 and below ±0.020 Less than 0.020
Over 3.20 and 5.60 ±0.030 Less than 0.030
Over 5.60 and 8.50 ±0.040 Less than 0.040
Over 8.50 and 10.0 ±0.050 Less than 0.050
5.3 Wire bends: Wires must be free of harmful bends.

6. Surface condition
6.1 Appearance The appearance of the wire shall be free from harmful scratches, scale, rust, etc.
6.2 For line defects, the test of 9.7 shall be carried out, and the depth of the defect shall be in accordance with Table 8.
Table 8. Depth of flaw
Wire diameter mm Depth of the flaw
0.50 or higher 2.00 or less Less than 0.01 mm
Over 2.00 and 6.00 0.5% or less of wire diameter
Over 6.00 and 10.0 0.7% or less of wire diameter
6.3 Decarburized layer The decarburized layer of the wire shall be subjected to the test in accordance with 9.8, and no ferrite decarburized layer shall be found.
The total decarburized layer depth is to be 1.5% or less of the wire diameter, with a maximum value of 0.05 mm.

7. Materials The materials used in the manufacture of wire shall be wire rods specified in JIS G 3502. However, the chemical composition shall be in accordance with 3.

8. Manufacturing method The wire is manufactured by cold working followed by oil tempering.

9. Testing
9.1 How to take test pieces: Tensile test pieces, torsion test pieces, winding test pieces, bending test pieces, flaw depth measurement test pieces, etc.
One test piece for measuring the decarburized layer depth is taken from one end of each wire.

The name was changed due to legal amendments on July 1, 2019. Except for the preface, please read "Japanese Industrial Standards" as "Japanese Industrial Standards" throughout this standard.

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G 3561-1994

9.2 Tensile test The tensile test shall be performed in accordance with JIS Z 2241, with the grip spacing being approximately 200 mm.
If the test piece breaks from the grip, the test is invalid and the test piece is
and retake the test.
9.3 Torsion test: The torsion test is performed by firmly gripping both ends of the test piece with a gripping distance of 100 times the wire diameter and measuring the length without bend
While tensioning the wire to a certain degree, rotate one of the wires in the same direction until it breaks, and observe the state of twist and the fracture surface.
Investigate the situation.
9.4 Winding test For wires with a wire diameter of 4.00 mm or less, the test piece is wrapped around a mandrel with the same diameter as the wire diameter.
For wires with a diameter of more than 4.00 mm, the test specimen is wound closely around a mandrel having a diameter twice the wire diameter at least four times, and the test piece is then
Check for the presence or absence of scratches or the condition of the scratches.
9.5 Bending test The bending test is performed by bending the test piece along a circular arc with a radius of the wire diameter at a bending angle of 90° to check the possibility of fracture
Check for the presence or absence of scratches.
9.6 Wire diameter measurement method The wire diameter is measured by measuring the maximum and minimum diameters at the same cross section at any point.
9.7 Flaw detection test The flaw detection test is performed by removing residual strain from a test piece of appropriate length and immersing it in hydrochloric acid (JIS K 1310).
Immerse the wire for about 200 mm in a boiled solution of water and an appropriate concentration until the wire loses about 1% of its diameter without pitting.
Afterwards, check for any scratches.
The depth of the flaw is usually measured by scraping the surface until the flaw is gone and measuring the depth of the scratch with a micrometer.
do.
9.8 Decarburization depth measurement test The decarburization depth measurement test was performed according to JIS G 0558, and the cross section of the test piece was polished,
After etching, the decarburization is examined under a microscope at a magnification of 100 to 500 times.

10. Inspection Inspection shall be carried out as follows:

(1) The chemical composition must conform to 3.
(2) The mechanical properties (tensile strength, reduction in size, torsion, windability and bendability) must conform to 4.
(3) Wire diameter (tolerance, diameter deviation and wire curl) must comply with 5.
(4) The surface condition (appearance, depth of defects and decarburized layer) must conform to 6.

11. Marking For lines that pass the inspection, the following information must be marked for each line:
(1) Type symbols
(2) Wire diameter
(3) Name of manufacturer or its abbreviation

12. Reports If requested by the customer, the manufacturer shall submit reports of specified items.
 Related standards: JIS B 2704 Compression and tension coil springs - Design criteria
JIS B 2709 Torsion coil spring design standards
JIS G 3560 Oil-tempered wire for springs

The name was changed due to legal amendments on July 1, 2019. Except for the preface, please read "Japanese Industrial Standards" as "Japanese Industrial Standards" throughout this standard.

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G 3561-1994

Wire Products (Oil Tempered Wire) JIS Review Committee Composition Table
full name Affiliation
(Chairman) Junji Kihara The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Engineering
(Vice-Chairman) Mizuno Koshiro Wire Products Technical Liaison Committee (The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan)
Keiichi Aoyagi Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Basic Industries Bureau
Takagi Johichi Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Standards Department
Ichiro Miyamoto The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan (Kobe Steel, Ltd.)
Yoshihide Washida Suzuki Metal Industry Co., Ltd.
Tatsuya Wakamiya Kobe Steel Wire Company, Ltd.
Ryo Fukuoka Suncall Co., Ltd.
Heiji Sugita Sugita Wire Factory Co., Ltd.
Susumu Yamamoto Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
Ichiro Nagao Tokusen Industry Co., Ltd.
Masami Suzuki Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan (Toyota Motor Corporation)
Teiro Takahashi Spring Technology Research Society (Katohatsujo Co., Ltd.)
Toshio Ozone Spring Technology Research Association (Chuo Spring Co., Ltd.)
Masafumi Aiba Spring Technology Research Association (Togo Manufacturing Co., Ltd.)
Keiichi Suzuki Spring Technology Research Association (NHK Spring Co., Ltd.)
Akira Morita Japan Spring Manufacturers Association
(Secretariat) Yasuhisa Motohashi Wire Products Association
Yoshihiro Matsuda Japan Spring Manufacturers Association/Spring Technology Research Association