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Ex-2 Taylor

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Swathi Senthilkumar
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11 views7 pages

Ex-2 Taylor

Uploaded by

Swathi Senthilkumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EX NO 02

DATE TAYLOR SERIES

26/7/24

AIM:
To implement Python code to execute Taylor's Sales and to find error
approximation.

ALGORITHM:

1. TAYLOR SERIES 1/(1-x) = x^0 + x^1 + x^2 + x^3 +...+ x^n


 Get the inputs x as float and n as integer.
 Assign initial values of s, i as 0,0.
 Using while condition to do Taylor series calculation upto n values.
 Compute x power i and store in term.
 Add the term valve to s and increment s.
 Increment value i by 1 and do the looping until i=n.
 Print the Sum of series value.

2. E(X) e^x = x^0/0! + x^1/1! + x^2/2! + x^3/3! +...+ x^n/n!


 Define a function to find factorial of number.
 Using if loop calculate n* fact (n-1) upto n value.
 Get the inputs x as float and n as integer.
 import math function and matplotlib function.
 Assign initial valves of 5, i as 0,0
 Using while condition to do Taylor series calculation for ex upto n
valves.
 Compute xi and call factorial function and store in term.
 Add the team to s value and Increment s.
 Increment & value by and do the looping until i=n.
 Print the sum of series.
 Do the error calculation by subtracting s from actual exp(x).
 Print the error approximation value.
 Compute error approximation for different valves of n and plot it.

3. E(-X) e^-x = x^0/0! - x^1/1! + x^2/2! – x^3/3! +...+ x^n/n!


 Define a function to find factorial of number.
 Using if loop calculate n* fact (n-1) upto n value.
 Get the inputs x as float and n as integer.
 import math function and matplotlib function.
 Assign initial valves of 5, i as 0,0
 Using while condition to do Taylor series calculation for ex upto n
valves.
 Compute (-1)i (xi) /i! and call factorial function and store in term.
 Add the team to s value and Increment s.
 Increment & value by and do the looping until i=n.
 Print the sum of series.
 Do the error calculation by subtracting s from actual exp(-x).
 Print the error approximation value.
 Compute error approximation for different valves of n and plot it.

4. Sin(x) = x^1/1! - x^3/3! + x^5/5! - x^7/7! +...+ x^2i-1/2i-1!


 Define a function to find factorial of number.
 Using if loop calculate n* fact (n-1) upto n value.
 Get the inputs x as float and n as integer.
 import math function and matplotlib function.
 Assign initial valves of 5, i as 0,0
 Using while condition to do Taylor series calculation for ex upto n
valves.
 Compute (-1)i (x2i+1) /(2i+1)! and call factorial function and store in
term.
 Add the team to s value and Increment s.
 Increment & value by and do the looping until i=n.
 Print the sum of series.
 Do the error calculation by subtracting s from actual sin(x).
 Print the error approximation value.
 Compute error approximation for different valves of n and plot it.

5. Cos(x) = 1-x^2/2! + x^4/4! - x^6/6! + x^8/8! +...+ x^2i/2i!


 Define a function to find factorial of number.
 Using if loop calculate n* fact (n-1) upto n value.
 Get the inputs x as float and n as integer.
 import math function and matplotlib function.
 Assign initial valves of 5, i as 0,0
 Using while condition to do Taylor series calculation for ex upto n
valves.
 Compute (-1)i (x2i) /2i! and call factorial function and store in term.
 Add the team to s value and Increment s.
 Increment & value by and do the looping until i=n.
 Print the sum of series.
 Do the error calculation by subtracting s from actual cos(x).
 Print the error approximation value.
 Compute error approximation for different valves of n and plot it.

CODE:

#METHOD1 :1/(1-x)=x^0+x^1+x^2+x^3+...+x^n

x=float(input("Enter X:"))
n=int(input("Terms n:"))
import math
s,i=0,0
while i<=n:
Term=x**i
s+=Term
i+=1
print("The sum of the series:",s)

OUTPUT:
Enter X:0.5
Terms n:5
The sum of the series: 1.96875

#METHOD2: e^x=x^0/0!+x^1/11+x^2/2!+x^3/3!+...+x^n/n!

import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def fact(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
return n * fact(n - 1)
x = float(input("Enter X: "))

n_values = range(0, 20)


errors = []

for n in n_values:
s=0
for i in range(n + 1):
Term = (x ** i) / fact(i)
s += Term
error = math.exp(x) - s
errors.append(error)

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 5))
plt.plot(n_values, errors, marker='o')
plt.title(f'Error Approximation for e^{x} Series Expansion')
plt.xlabel('Number of Terms (n)')
plt.ylabel('Error Approximation')
plt.show()

OUTPUT:
#METHOD3 e^-x=x^0/0!-x^1/1!+x^2/2!-x^3/3!+...+x^n/n!
import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def fact(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
return n * fact(n - 1)
x = float(input("Enter X: "))

n_values = range(0, 20)


errors = []
for n in n_values:
s=0
for i in range(n + 1):
Term = ((-1)**i)*((x**i)/fact(i))
s += Term
error = math.exp(-x) - s
errors.append(error)

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 5))
plt.plot(n_values, errors, marker='o')
plt.title(f'Error Approximation for e^{-x} Series Expansion')
plt.xlabel('Number of Terms (n)')
plt.ylabel('Error Approximation')
plt.show()
OUTPUT:

#METHOD4 sinx=x^1/1!-x^3/3!+x^5/5!-x^7/7!+...+x^2i-1/2i-1!

import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def fact(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
return n * fact(n - 1)
x = float(input("Enter X: "))

n_values = range(0, 20)


errors = []

for n in n_values:
s=0
for i in range(n + 1):
Term = ((-1)**i)*((x**((2*i)+1))/fact((2*i)+1))
s += Term
error = (math.sin(x))-s
errors.append(error)

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 5))
plt.plot(n_values, errors, marker='o')
plt.title(f'Error Approximation for sin{x} Series Expansion')
plt.xlabel('Number of Terms (n)')
plt.ylabel('Error Approximation')
plt.show()

OUTPUT:

#METHOD5 cosx=1-x^2/2!+x^4/4!-x^6/6!+x^8/8!+...+x^2i/2i!
import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def fact(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
return n * fact(n - 1)
x = float(input("Enter X: "))

n_values = range(0, 20)


errors = []

for n in n_values:
s=0
for i in range(n + 1):
Term = ((-1)**i)*((x**((2*i)))/fact((2*i)))
s += Term
error = (math.cos(x))-s
errors.append(error)

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 5))
plt.plot(n_values, errors, marker='o')
plt.title(f'Error Approximation for cos{x} Series Expansion')
plt.xlabel('Number of Terms (n)')
plt.ylabel('Error Approximation')
plt.show()

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Taylor series of 1/(1-x) , exp(x), exp(-x), Sin(x) and Cos(x) has been executed
using python code and error approximations has been plotted.

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