‫إدارة المشروعات‬

‫‪Projects Management‬‬

‫د‪ .‬باسم ممدوح الحلوانى‬

 Course Info.

Title Projects Management

Lecturer Dr. Basem ElHalawany

Teaching Assistance (TA) N/A

Grades 50

Final Exam Grades 10

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 2

 Course References

1. Information Technology Project Management, Kathy Schwalbe, 7th Edition.

2. Project Management Handbook, Wouter Baars, Version 1.1
3. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), 5th Edition
(Arabic and English versions).
4. Global Feasibility Study For Engineering Projects, A. H. Gomaa, AUC.
5. Engineering Project Management, Nigel Smith, 2nd Edition, University of Leeds.

Using
Arabic or English
is permitted

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 3

 ‫‪Introduction‬‬

‫• تبٌن من الدراسات أن‪ :‬نسبة كبٌرة جدا من أسباب فشل المشروعات‬

‫تكون متعلقة بسوء أو عدم وجود إدارة مشروعات‬

‫إدارة المشروعات – د‪.‬باسم الحلوانى‬ ‫‪4‬‬

Why we should learn Project Management ?

1. Project Management has become one of life skills

2. For your career (there is a huge gap between supply and
demand for project managers)
3. Surveys has ranked Project management among the top 3
skills most wanted by employers (along with leadership and
business analysis).
4. Organizations needs project management for many reasons
such as improving customer service, decrease costs, and
better management of time.

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 5

 Top Ten Most In-Demand IT Skills

Rank IT Skill/Job Average Annual Salary

1 SQL Database Analyst $80,664
2 Oracle Database Analyst $87,144
3 C/C++ Programmer $95,829
4 Visual Basic Programmer $76,903
5 E-commerce/Java Developer $89,163
6 Windows NT/2000 Expert $80,639
7 Windows/Java Developert $93,785
8 Security Architect $86,881
9 Project Manager $95,719
10 Network Engineer $82,906
Paul Ziv, “The Top 10 IT Skills in Demand,” Global Knowledge Webcast
(www.globalknowledge.com) (11/20/2002).

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 6

 Introduction to Project Management
Project:
1. A Project is a Creation of Business Value
1. A Project is a group of (milestones/phases/activities or tasks)
that support an effort to accomplish something
2. A Project is a unique & temporary effort with a defined
beginning and end, undertaken to meet specific goals and
objectives, typically to bring about beneficial change/added
value/create product or service, including the constraints of
time, cost, scope, and quality.

‫هو جهود تبذل بصفة مؤقتة إلخراج منتج أو خدمة أو نتٌجة فرٌدة من نوعها‬
.‫وٌخضع لمجموعة من القٌود‬

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 7

Why a project emerges? ‫لماذا ٌنشأ المشروع‬

1. A Market Demand:
Oil company want to build oil refinery
2. A Customer Request :
Power company authorize a new power plant
3. A Technological Demand:
New video game, new Cell
4. A Legal requirement :
Toxic Waste Disposal Center

8
 Project Characteristics ‫خصائص المشروع‬
1. Project is Temporary

 Definite beginning
 Definite end: When objectives achieved, or When Objectives cannot be met
(terminated)

2. Project is Unique
 Never happened before & will never happen again under the same conditions.
 No two projects are precisely alike (Some elements are unique)
 ‫حتى لو تشابهت األنشطة نجد االختالف فً المالك األفراد المكان البٌئة وغٌرها‬

3. Done for a purpose (i.e. Creates a unique product, service)

4. Progressive elaboration:
‫ٌخضع للتطوٌر المستمر كلما توفر مزٌد من المعلومات‬
5. Has interrelated activities
6. Subject to constraints . 9
 Project Characteristics ‫خصائص المشروع‬
7. Requires resources, often from various areas.

8. Should have a primary customer or sponsor.

The project sponsor usually provides the direction and funding for the project.

9. Involves uncertainty and risks.

10
 Project Constrains
‫الميىد الوفشوضخ ػلى الوششوع‬

 As a Project Manager you should keep balance between these constraints.

 When one element change, you should consider changes in other elements

• Scope : What work will be done?

• Time : How long should it take to

complete?

• Cost : What should it cost?

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 11

 ‫ما الفرق بٌن المشروع والعملٌات الٌومٌة؟‬

‫الؼوليبد اليىهيخ‬ ‫الوشبسيغ‬

‫الخصائص‬ ‫الخصائص‬
‫‪ ‬انشطة مستمرة‬ ‫‪ ‬مؤقتة ‪ -‬ذات بداٌة ونهاٌة‬
‫‪ ‬منتجات أو خدمات متكررة أو متشابهة‬ ‫‪ ‬منتج أو خدمة فرٌدة‬
‫‪ ‬األعمال المعتادة للمؤسسة‬ ‫‪ ‬ال تمثل جزءاً من العملٌات الٌومٌة للمؤسسة‬

‫أمثلة‬ ‫أمثلة‬
‫‪ ‬خط تجمٌع بمصنع سٌارات‬ ‫‪ ‬تصمٌم برنامج جدٌد‬
‫‪ ‬عملٌة إصدار فواتٌر لشركة بطاقات إئتمان‬ ‫‪ ‬إنشاء مبنى‬

‫‪12‬‬
 Classification of Project Types

Education Schools, colleges

Public Safety Police, fire, National guard
Recreation Parks, playgrounds, historic sites
Development Harbors, dams, irrigation,
Scientific Research Engineering, Health, space, Agriculture, Medical, etc
Defense Military equipment and systems
Conservation Forests, shorelines, pollution
Transportation Highways, mass transit, airports

Utilities Electric power, gas, telephones

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 13

 Project Stake-holders
‫اصحاب المصلحة‬

Individuals and Organizations - actively involved in the project,

whose interest may be affected as a result of project execution
OWNERS & SPONSORS

SUPPLIERS
CUSTOMERS
Opponents THE PROJECT

Project Manager
SOCIETY &
Project Management Team
EMPLOYEES
‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 14
 ‫فشل المشروع ‪Project Failure‬‬
‫المشروع الناجح‪:‬‬
‫هو الذي ٌنتهً بعد تحقٌق متطلباته وفقا لـــ‪:‬‬ ‫فشل الوشبسيغ‪:‬‬
‫الوقت المحدد (‪)Time‬‬ ‫•‬
‫هي أهن أسجبة فشل الوشبسيغ هى إهب‬
‫التكلفة المحددة (‪)Cost‬‬ ‫•‬ ‫أى يكىى هٌبلك خطأ في الزخطيظ أو‬
‫النطاق المحدد (‪)Scope‬‬ ‫•‬ ‫خطأ في الزٌفيز‪ .‬ويؼزجش الوششوع‬
‫الجودة المطلوبة (‪)Quality‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ثأًه فبشل في أحذ الحبالد الزبليخ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‬إرا رأخش ػي هىػذ الزسلين‬

‫‪ ‬إرا رجبوص الويضاًيخ‬
‫‪ ‬إذا لم ٌنل رضى العمٌل‬
‫‪ ‬إذا لم ٌحقق أهدافه‬
‫‪ ‬إرا كبًذ الجىدح سيئخ‬

‫‪15‬‬
 Project Failure ‫فشل المشروع‬
 IT projects have a terrible track record.
 A 1995 Standish Group study (CHAOS) found that only 16.2 percent of IT
projects were successful in meeting scope, time, and cost goals.
 Over 31 percent of IT projects were canceled before completion, costing over
$81 billion in the U.S. alone. [1]

[1] The Standish Group, “The CHAOS Report” (www.standishgroup.com) (1995). Another
reference is Johnson, Jim, “CHAOS: The Dollar Drain of IT Project Failures,” Application
Development Trends (January 1995).

16
 Project Success Factors

1. Experienced project manager.

2. Clear business objectives
3. Minimized scope
4. Firm basic requirements
5. Reliable estimates
6. small milestones
7. proper planning
8. competent staff, and ownership

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 17

 Project Management (PM)
PM Institute (PMI) Definition

PM can be defines as the application of knowledge, skills, tools and

techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.

‫تطبٌق المعارف والمهارات واألدوات والتقنٌات فً جمٌع أنشطة المشروع‬

‫لٌحقق متطلباته‬

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 18

 Project Management (PM)
Other Definitions:

PM is the complete set of tasks, techniques, and tools, applied

during Project Execution.

PM is the planning, monitoring and control of all aspects of the

project. AND the motivation of all those involved (Stakeholders) in
it to achieve the project objectives on time and cost, quality and
performance.

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 19

 Example of Project Management

 PM can be applied to any project regardless of size, budget or

timeline.
 Some examples are:
Developing a new product or service
Running a political campaign
Designing a communication system
Designing a Software developing project
Negotiating an agreement
Setting up an e-commerce internet site

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 20

 The Project Management Process

• Clearly define - Project Objective.

• Divide / subdivide Project.

• Define Specific Activities -Needed to be performed.

• Graphically portray Activities in a Network Diagram.

• Make a Time Estimate.

• Make a Cost Estimate.

• Calculate a Project Schedule/ Budget.

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 21

 ‫هب هى الوضايب الزي رحممهب إداسح الوششوع؟‬

‫رحسيي المذسح ػلى الزخطيظ‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫إداسح أكثش فبػليخ للوىاسد الجششيخ والزمٌيخ والوبليخ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫سفغ ًسجخ ًجبح الوشبسيغ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫صيبدح دلخ االًفبق و الؼبئذ ػلى االسزثوبس‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫رحميك دسجخ ػبليخ هي الوزبثؼخ ًظشا لىجىد رخطيظ لألًشطخ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫اًخفبض الزؼشض للوخبطش و اًخفبض رأثيشهب‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫جىدح صٌبػخ و ارخبر المشاس‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫اسزخذام أفضل األسبليت إلداسح الوششوع‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫رحسيي الزىاصل ثيي أصحبة الوصلحخ (‪)Stakeholders‬‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫إدارة المشروعات – د‪.‬باسم الحلوانى‬ ‫‪22‬‬

 Project Manager’s Skills

 Can Work with large no. of groups & understands their demands & concerns
 One who has worked in several different departments
 Hard-nosed manager (a person who is tough, practical, and unsentimental)
 Distinguish Essential versus Non-essential
 Capable of evaluating risk & uncertainty
 Control & Evaluate project Performance

 Relate, compare, classify, & evaluate facts

 Build Spirit of Cooperation
 Strong technical background
 Can keep project team happy
 Person who can walk on waters
 understand culture
 Decision-Making Ability
 Time-Management

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 23

Classification of Project Manager Skills

• Communication skills: Listens, persuades.

• Organizational skills: Plans, sets goals, analyzes.
• Team-building skills: Shows empathy, motivates, promotes
spirit.
• Leadership skills: Sets examples, provides vision (big picture),
delegates, positive, energetic.
• Technology skills: Experience, project knowledge.

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 24

 Project Manager’s Skills

 Can Work with large no. of groups & understands their demands & concerns
 Hard-nosed manager (a person who is tough, practical, and unsentimental)
 One who has worked in several different departments
 Distinguish Essential versus Non-essential
 Capable of evaluating risk & uncertainty
 Control & Evaluate project Performance

 Relate, compare, classify, & evaluate facts

 Build Spirit of Cooperation
 Strong technical background
 Can keep project team happy
 Person who can walk on waters
 understand culture
 Decision-Making Ability
 Time-Management

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 25

Project Manager’s Responsibilities

Set objectives,
Establish plans
Organization resources,
Provide staffing (Recruitment)
Set up controls,
Issue directives
Motivate personnel,
Remain flexible

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 26

 Project / Program / Portfolio

What is a Program ? Is it Different from a project

‫البرنامج مجموعة مشروعات مشتركة ومترابطة والمخرج واحد‬

 A group of related projects managed in a coordinated manner to obtain
control & benefit not available from managing them individually

• Larger in Scope & Comprise Multiple Project

• Example: A new car model broken into project 4 upgrade and design of
components.

 Program managers oversee programs and often act as bosses for project
managers.

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 27

 Portfolio

Many organizations support an emerging business strategy of

project portfolio management
The organizations groups and collects projects/programs as a portfolio of
investments that contribute to the entire enterprise’s success.

The grouping is used to Facilitate Effective management to meet Strategic

Business Objectives.

It is not necessarily that all programs be Interdependent or directly related.

Senior managers take on responsibility of Portfolio management .

‫ مجموعة البرامج والمشارٌع فً المؤسسة تدار كمجموعة من أجل تحقٌق األهداف‬:‫الحافظه االستثمارٌة‬
‫االستراتٌجٌة للمنظمة والبرامج من الممكن أن تكون غٌر معتمد على بعضها‬

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 28

Project Management Framework
 Ethics in Project Management

• Ethics is an important part of all professions.

• Project managers often face ethical dilemmas.

• In order to earn PMP certification (Project Management

Profession), applicants must agree to the PMP code of
professional conduct.

• Several questions on the PMP exam are related to

30
professional responsibility, including ethics.

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 30

 ‫‪Refresh‬‬

‫ما هى العبارات الصحٌحة وما هى العبارات الخاطئة‪:‬‬

‫المشروع عبارة عن أنشطة مستمرة‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫المشروع منتج أو خدمة فرٌدة‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫المشروع جزء من العملٌات الٌومٌة للمؤسسة‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫إدارة المشروعات – د‪.‬باسم الحلوانى‬ ‫‪31‬‬

 Refresh

What makes you an Ineffective Project Manager?

‫باسم الحلوانى‬.‫إدارة المشروعات – د‬ 32

 ‫‪Next‬‬

‫‪Project Cycle‬‬

‫إدارة المشروعات – د‪.‬باسم الحلوانى‬ ‫‪33‬‬