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Probability and Statistics

STAT 1 PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

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Marilou Duran
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25 views17 pages

Probability and Statistics

STAT 1 PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

Uploaded by

Marilou Duran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of the Philippines

CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE


Calabanga | Pasacao | Pili | Sipocot

Introduction
1. Categories of Statistics
2. Importance of Statistics
Objective:
At the end of this unit, the students should be able identify
the basic concepts, meaning, nature and importance of statistics.
STATISTICS
Branch of Mathematics that deals with theory
and method of collecting, organizing, presenting,
analyzing and interpreting data.
Categories of Statistics
Descriptive Statistics
It involves the collection, presentation, description
and interpretation of data gathered. It also includes the
study of relationships between and among variables.

The most commonly used summarizing values to


describe group characteristics of data are percentage,
measures of central tendency and location of variability;
of skewness and kurtosis.
Descriptive Statistics
Example:
1. class average of examination
2. range of student scores
3. average salary
4. mean of managerial satisfaction
5. average return of investment
Inferential Statistics
It refers to making conclusions about the population
based on the study of a sample. It demands a somewhat
higher degree of critical judgement and advanced
mathematical models.

Commonly used inferential statistical tools or


techniques are testing hypothesis using the z-test, t-test,
simpler linear correlation, analysis of variance (ANOVA),
chi-square, regression and time series analysis.
Inferential Statistics
This may answer the following questions:
1. Are males better in mathematics than females?
2. Is attitude significantly related to performance?
3. Are high school teachers more motivated in
their profession than college teachers?
4. The use of module is significantly effective than
the traditional method of teaching?
Design and Analysis of Experiments
It is the branch of statistics that pushes the
limits of knowledge by making conclusions about
relationships between variables and attributing
cause and effect in these relationships.
It is through experiments that existing
theories are verified or disproved and where new
theories emerge.
Importance of Statistics
Importance of Statistics
Science and Technology
Discoveries/inventions are possible through
experiments. The cause and effect of different variables
affecting experiments are analyzed by means of statistical
techniques.
Importance of Statistics
Education
Statistical tools are used to gather data and
information on enrolment, finance and physical
facilities that are needed to have an effective
management.
Importance of Statistics
Business and Economics
It plays an important role in exploration of new
markets for a product, forecasting of business
trends, control and maintenance of high quality
products, and analysis of data concerning
insurance, investment, sales, employment,
transportation, auditing and accounting.
Importance of Statistics
Government
Various records are collected, organized and
analyzed statistically for policy making. Like for the
record of taxes, natural resources, movement of
population, income, expenditures and budgets.
Importance of Statistics
Psychology
Statistics is used to organize data on
intelligence scores, attitudes, personality traits,
ratings, aptitudes, values, behavior and pattern.
Thank you!
Maricris dlP. Tapar
Instructor

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