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TD Analysis Chapter 1

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13 views3 pages

TD Analysis Chapter 1

Uploaded by

amiramalak655
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Series of exercises 1 (questions marked * left to the students)

Exercise 01 :
Prove the following:
1) .∀𝑥; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∶ ||𝑥| − |𝑦|| ≤ |𝑥 + 𝑦|
𝑥2 𝜀
2) ∀𝑥; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∶ ∀𝜀 > 0 ∶ 𝑥𝑦 ≤ + 𝑦 2 (it's called Cauchy's inequality with ε:
2𝜀 2

3).(∀ε > 0 ∶ |𝑥 | < ε) ⇒ (𝑥 = 0)


4).∀𝑥; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∶ |𝑥 | + |𝑦| ≤ |𝑥 + 𝑦| + |𝑥 − 𝑦|
5).(|𝑥 + 𝑦| = |𝑥 | + |𝑦|) ⇔ (𝑥𝑦 ≥ 0)
6)∀𝑥1 ; 𝑥2 … ; 𝑥𝑛 ; 𝑦1 ; 𝑦2 ; … … ; 𝑦𝑛 ∈ ℝ: (∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑥𝑖 𝑦𝑖 )² ≤ (∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑥𝑖2 )(∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑦𝑖2 )
Exercise 02 :
Prove the following
1
1) ∀ε > 0 ; ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗ ∶ 0 < 𝑛 < 𝜀.

2) ∀𝑥; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ: (𝑥 < 𝑦) ⇒ (𝐸(𝑥) ≤ 𝐸 (𝑦))


3) ∀𝑥; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ: 𝐸 (𝑥) + 𝐸 (𝑦) ≤ 𝐸 (𝑥 + 𝑦) ≤ 𝐸 (𝑥 ) + 𝐸 (𝑦) + 1
4). ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ: −1 ≤ 𝐸 (𝑥 ) + 𝐸(−𝑥) ≤ 0
𝑥+𝑦−|𝑥−𝑦| 𝑥+𝑦+|𝑥−𝑦|
5). 𝑀𝑖𝑛 (𝑥; 𝑦) = ; 𝑀𝑎𝑥 (𝑥; 𝑦) =
2 2
𝐸(𝑛𝑥)
6).∀𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗ ; ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ: 𝐸 ( ) = 𝐸 (𝑥 )
𝑛

specify if possible sup,.inf,.max,.min, for each set of the following :


2𝑛+1 1 1
a) 𝐴 = { ; 𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗ }. c*) 𝐶 = {𝑛 + 𝑚 ; 𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗ , 𝑚 ∈ ℕ∗ }.
𝑛
1 1
b) 𝐵 = { 𝑥 2+1 ; 𝑥 ∈ ℝ } . d*) 𝐷 = {−2 < 𝑥 + 2𝑥 < 2 ; 𝑥 ∈ ℝ∗ }.

Exercise 03 :
1) Prove that:

a) If the natural number n is not a perfect square then √𝑛 is irrational


b If) 𝑟 ∈ ℚ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ∉ ℚ then 𝑟 + 𝑥 ∉ ℚ.
c) If 𝑟 ∈ ℚ∗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ∉ ℚthen 𝑟 + 𝑥 ∉ ℚ.

d) The number √15 + √12 is rational ( explain )?

2) Let the set A defined by :𝐴 = {1 < 𝑥 < √8 ; 𝑥 ∈ ℚ}.


.prove that A accepts a lower bound and does not accept an upper bound in Q

3)the equation 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0 doesn't accept solution in Q.


Exercise 04:
1) Let there E and F be two non empty and bounded set prove that :
a). (𝐸 ⊆ 𝐹 ) ⇒ (𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐹 ≤ 𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐸 ≤ 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐸 ≤ 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐹 )
b).𝑆𝑢𝑝(𝐸 ∪ 𝐹 ) = 𝑀𝑎𝑥{𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐸, 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐹 }
c).𝐼𝑛𝑓 (𝐸 ∪ 𝐹 ) = 𝑀𝑖𝑛{𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐸, 𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐹 }

d) . and 𝐸 − 𝐹 = {𝑥 − 𝑦; 𝑥 ∈ 𝐸‫}𝐹 ∈ 𝑦 و‬−𝐹 = {−𝑥; 𝑥 ∈ 𝐹 }


2) Prove that :
a) .𝑆𝑢𝑝(𝐸 − 𝐹 ) = 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐸 − 𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐹
b) .𝐼𝑛𝑓 (𝐸 − 𝐹 ) = 𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐸 − 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐹
c) .𝑆𝑢𝑝(−𝐹 ) = −𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐹
d) .𝐼𝑛𝑓 (−𝐹 ) = −𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐹
1 1
3) Let 𝐸 ⊂ ℝ⋆+ 𝑤𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑡 = {𝑥 ; 𝑥 ∈ 𝐸} 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ∶
𝐸
1 1
a) .𝐼𝑛𝑓 𝐸 = 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝐸
1 1
b*) If 𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐸 ≠ 0 then .𝑆𝑢𝑝 𝐸 = 𝐼𝑛𝑓𝐸

Exercise 05* :
:Prove that:
1 1 1
1) ∀𝑥; 𝑦; 𝑧 ∈ ℝ⋆+ (: 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1) ⇒ (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 ≥ 9).
|𝑥+𝑦| |𝑥| |𝑦|
2) ∀𝑥; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ: 1+|𝑥+𝑦| ≤ 1+|𝑥| + 1+|𝑦|.
ln5
3) The number ln6 Is irrational ?.

4) ∀𝑥; 𝑦 ∈ ℝ: 𝐸 (𝑥) + 𝐸 (𝑦) + 𝐸 (𝑥 + 𝑦) ≤ 𝐸 (2𝑥 ) + 𝐸 (2𝑦)

5) ∀𝑛 ∈ ℕ: 𝐸(√𝑛 + √𝑛 + 1) = 𝐸(√4𝑛 + 2).


Exercise 06
Write cos5 x in linear form.
Exercise 07
a) Use the De Moivre’s theorem to prove that: sin 5 = sin 16 cos4 12 cos2 + 1 :
4 2
b) Solve the equation 16x 12x + 1 = 0 and determine the value of
cos 5 :
Exercise 08
The following …nite sum S , are given by

S = 1 + cos + cos 2 + :::::::: + cos (n 1) = 6= 2 k; k 2 Z and n 2 N

sin(n 1
)
By using the De Moivre’s theorem, prove that: S = 2 sin
2
+ 12 :
2
Exercise 09*
One of the roots of equation z 7 1 = 0 is denoted by ! , where 0 < arg ! <
3:
a) Find ! in the form rei ; r > 0; 0 < < 3 :
b) Show clearly that 1 + ! 2 + ! 3 + ! 4 + ! 5 + ! 6 = 0:
c) Hence, using the results from the previous parts deduce that
cos 27 + cos 47 + cos 67 = 12 :
Exercise 10* !
n
X1 n
X1 ipx
sin px e
Calculate: S = cosp x using the sum cosp x :
p=0 p=0

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