Duke University
Math 218
Matrices and Vector Spaces
Exam II
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March 4, 2020
• There are 100 points and 4 problems on this 50-minute exam.
• Unless otherwise stated, your answers must be supported by clear and coherent work to receive
credit.
• The back of each page of this exam is left blank and may be used for scratch work.
• Scratch work will not be graded unless it is clearly labeled and requested in the body of the
original problem.
MATH
Problem 1. Suppose V is the vector space satisfying
A
−2 −4 −2 −2 B
−4 −3 −1 1
1 0 −2 0 −4
V = Col
1 −8 −5 −9
= Null 0 1 −3 0 −7
2 −6 −4 −8 0 0 0 1 2
−1 3 2 4
(6 pts) (a) Which is correct? Explain your choice below. h1, 0, 0, 1, 0i ∈ V h1, 0, 0, 1, 0i ∈
/V
(8 pts) (b) Find a basis of V and fill-in the blank: dim(V ) = .
(8 pts) (c) Fill-in the following blanks.
Row(A) ⊂ Null(A) ⊂ Col(A) ⊂ LNull(A) ⊂
dim Row(A) = dim Null(A) = dim Col(A) = dim LNull(A) =
(5 pts) (d ) Are the columns of A linearly independent? Explain why or why not.
Problem 2. Consider the following row operations on an augmented matrix
1 4 −4 11 −7 b1 1 4 −4 11 −7 b1 1 4 −4 11 −7 b1
−2 −8 7 −20 13 b2 0 0 −1 2 −1 2 b 1 + b2 0 0 −1 2 −1 2 b1 + b2
→ →
−3 −12 15 −39 24 b3 0 0 3 −6 3 3 b 1 + b3 0 0 0 0 0 9 b1 + 3 b2 + b3
5 20 −14 43 −29 b4 0 0 6 −12 6 −5 b1 + b4 0 0 0 0 0 7 b1 + 6 b2 + b4
Let A be the coefficient matrix of the first augmented matrix in this sequence.
(7 pts) (a) Find a matrix B satisfying Col(A) = Null(B).
(7 pts) (b) Determine if h1, −1, −6, −1i ∈ Col(A).
(7 pts) (c) Find a basis of Col(A) and fill-in the blank: dim Col(A) =
(7 pts) (d ) Find a basis of LNull(A) and fill-in the blank: dim LNull(A) =
Hint: From (a) we know Col(A) = Null(B). This measn that LNull(A) relates to which
fundamental subspace of B?
Problem 3. Suppose that A is a matrix satisfying
Null(A) = Span{h1, 1, 0, −1i , h1, 1, 1, 1i } LNull(A) = Span{h1, 2, −1i }
(2 pts) (a) The number of rows of A is and the number of columns of A is .
(4 pts) (b) Which of the following vectors is in LNull(A)?
h1, 3, 7i h2, 4, −2i h2, 15, 8i h3, 1, −1i
#‰
(7 pts) (c) If possible, determine if the system A x = h3, −8, −13i is consistent. If this is not possible,
then explain why.
(7 pts) (d ) If possible, determine if the system A| #‰
x = h1, 0, 1, 1i is consistent. If this is not possible,
then explain why.
(7 pts) (e) Find a basis of Row(A).
Problem 4. Consider the equation
#‰
xp
#‰
A b
−5
−1 2 2 4 −5
−1 1 0 −5
3
= 3
−2
1 0 2 −1 −10
1
The matrix A satisfies Null(A) = Span{h2, 2, −1, 0i }.
(4 pts) (a) Which (if any) of the following statements is correct?
#‰ #‰ #‰ #‰
b ∈ Row(A) b ∈ Null(A) b ∈ Col(A) b ∈ LNull(A)
(7 pts) (b) Show that #‰
x ∈/ Row(A).
p
#‰
(7 pts) (c) The vector #‰x p is a solution to the system A #‰x = b with #‰ / Row(A). Find the solution #‰
xp ∈ xR
#‰ #‰ #‰
to A x = b satisfying x R ∈ Row(A).
Hint: In #‰
x p = #‰x R + #‰
x N we have #‰
x N = c · h2, 2, −1, 0i . How does #‰
x p · h2, 2, −1, 0i relate to
the value of c?
