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Work, Energy and Power

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arpit sharma
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
24 views13 pages

Work, Energy and Power

Uploaded by

arpit sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Work

#work
fore - Transfer ofEnergy
cause some
by
displacement-
application of force ,
when

1) When force isConstant T

50 - jG Froso is
doing work
w =. p

w = scalar
quantity Sinuit
x
unit = N m
.
=
Joule J :

TT if
Y X
massless T= f
string
M as is

P Here
boy is transferring
.

then Kinetic
foc energy to block .

If ground
is smooth
energy of block will increase
by for

Energy of system will increase


by doing work on it

When F
II) force is
varying
Y
(2

w= (tw J F a
= .
-
dx-

x,

111) When force varies with se ,


accordingly graph show

#X
Area-work
>
-
Y
2
T = displacement of pant of
In work done w =

/F : application of force
case .
,

displacement of point of
in most of the

f application= displacement of Block


3 T dr

& Net displacement of block = o

But work done to

find work done


by force
= 2i + 3jt from point,
A (1 2)
,

to B (3 5),

force F = zi + 3j +2
A (1 , 2) - to - B (3 4)
-

Tr dz
w =

( . = ki + dyj +

(, (ay
8

w = m + +
(2dz = 4+ 6 +0 =
105
I 20

Micky--E3:"f
= con

find work done by force in tas

Sol- F(0137 <m


1010937 = (415)
a = = x =

Block start from rest u= 0


S = nt
+
at =
Otxx
=
work = F.5 =
10x8x10537 : 64J
at rest
wort truck
* 2k9 v =
4 m/s
Y
37-1

Find work done in t= 2 see


by friction
9) with respect to truck E 74

b) With respect to a person on


ground .

Solution

fr
fr frictional force
=

12N
Mycose mysen,
mgsin3y 2x10x3/g
= = =

9) out truck Net displacement =


o
,
thus work done = o

b) nort ground displacent d = vt =


4x2 = Sm
+
180-37
>d
work done
by friction = F& =
(12) (8) cos(180-37)
1248X- 4/55

Thus
frame of reference
,

work done depends


w :. T
displacement depend
=
on frame .

Y
m F= 2x +3
*
fnd work done
by force from x = 0 tox : 5
solution w =

/ja /En = 3)d


+ :
got

Method 2 >
-
work done : arcaunder cone

F
13N-.........

~
w=
alea:t (13 2)X5 +

&N =
405
C
O 5

* When force f 2fact


= on a
body it start from rest
,

find the work done


by force in t 25 [m kg)
at t= o 2 = .
=
.

m > F = 22
w=
(t d .

- ((72)() (at) (2 =

t
. vdt

F = ma =

E
2
mar
Sid Sect = =

t= o
o

mr = 2
3 =
t

w =

/d =
Conservative and non conservative force

case . "Y (2 3 4)
B
.
,

F = zi +3 + 4
A (1 ,
1, 1)
w == =
(i + 3j +i)(i +2j +3)
Yx

w =
3 + 6 +3 =
125

LZ

case-2 When F xi+y2 + 22k


From A (1 , 1,
1) to B (2, 3 4) ,

4
JadeSydy
-

work done w = +
Jazd
I 1
I

case 3
-
When T =
zxyi + cj from All11) to
2 3 , 4)
B (2 3 ,

w =
Szxyd (cby +

x2y
= day
m =

w
J ↓ =Ye &x
12 dm =
2xydn + c dy

Jam 115
w= =

perfect differential
We

WI B
A
case "
.
When fzy ;
f2yk to solve this
W2
w=

need f (2)
we
y
=

means work will depends upon path.

Note
In first - case work done is independent
of bath but in case < work done depend upon
bath
first 3 force is
known as Conservative force
Non-conservative
and case-s ·
force 1

Conservative force

Constant force
1)

-
(1) x- i
y j z
+
,
,

(11) perfect differential

to check perfect differential integrate partially.

ExBchytzy ,
partial nt with y

a3yz - so
given force .
is

33y2
=

perfect differential
to
find work = w =

St (x 3yz)
Conservative force Non Conservature fore

> work done


-

path independent >


-

Work done bath dependent


Ex+ Gravitational force Ex-frictional force,
ete
ElectroSpringforaet
Normal Force

>
-
Work done in closed bath zuo Non-zero work in closed bath

>
-
potential Energy defined Non defined

potential Energy

workdom du =
by
conservative independent

-Wconservative force Wexternal agent


=
of path

> UB-Un = -Wc


suppose this work depend
upon path. then no
meaning of UB-UX

thus
potential Energy is not defined for Non-Conservative
-mesl
memor We j da =
-(i)
2

K - Im
-
MP 2 m

potential Energy of spring--un


W
= K(K-2 :
potential Energy Scalar unitJoaframe But
.

change in potential doesn't depend on reference frame .

*
GravitationalPotential Energya
h Du = -
Wcon =
-(mgh)
·m su
migh
=

A
DU =
UB-UA =
mgh When Uno reference frame)

brovidedgor UB t
= u ,

Energy at Surface-o valid for point mass


find potential Energy of Given Configuration

mu
m)m =
#

dm
do 2
=
du =

((m) (Rano) q = Rad


v =

Jav = gr =
m

Y com E
=

*
A B
C

potential Energy Va > Up < U

Simply potential Energy v mgY com =

Find
* potential Energy of semicircular dis

MiR
~ v =
mg (ycom)
Ycon : IR
31
v =

my() =
Spring potential Energy

TK :
-mer <

mo

= k(x2 x)
x -

Let assume x = o

initial at pos.
spring
means mean

v
= from natural
length
x =

* R= 100Nm A Natural
B

-m
length

im zm
>

find work done


by Spring from A to B

xu = -
w = W =
Vi -

uf
=
zk)(2 -k(z)2 -

= x00X-00-150
W

Find potentialEnergy of system at equilibrium


* ,

taking natural
length as
reference
u :

-my (
U
=
-
du =
-Wcon = -ar
=
- When u = f(x y z)
, ,

-i
-
wha v= c +
2y + 32

= -

zxi-2j- zi

When F = ci + yj + 2

U
V =
105 at (1 , 1,1) find u= (1 , 2 3)
,

12 3

S but -a = -

Gid-Jydy Jadz
11
-

10

10 N


2M 4M
U (0 0) =
.
105
find final potential Energy
Us -

Y : -
w

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