Trigonometry By AMAN SRIVASTAVA
Trigonometry Formulas tan 𝛉 =
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛉
and, cot𝛉 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛉
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛉 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛉
Trigonometric function:
A
AV
ST
Some values to be
remembered:
5−1
sin 18°= Cos 72 = 4
,
sin𝛉 =
𝑝
ℎ
A
cos 𝛉 = Sin 36° =
10 − 2 5
4
IV
𝑏 𝑝 cos 18° = sin 72°
ℎ
tan 𝛉 = 𝑏
10 + 2 5
cosec𝛉 =
ℎ
sec𝛉 = = 4
, Cos36°
𝑝
SR
ℎ 𝑏 5+1
cot𝛉 = = 4
𝑏 𝑝
sin 𝛉. cosec 𝛉 =1
Basic Identities:
N
cos𝛉. sec𝛉 = 1
tan𝛉. cot 𝛉 = 1 ❖ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1⇒ sin2𝛉
A
= 1 – cos2 𝛉 or, cos2𝛉 =
1 1
sin 𝛉 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝛉
or, cosec𝛉 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛉 1 – sin2𝛉
M
❖ sec2𝛉 – tan2𝛉 = 1 ⇒
1 1
cos 𝛉 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝛉
or, sec𝛉 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛉 sec2𝛉 = 1 + tan2𝛉 or,
A
tan2𝛉 = sec2𝛉 – 1
1 1
tan 𝛉 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝛉
or, cot𝛉 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛉
Trigonometry By AMAN SRIVASTAVA
❖ cosec2𝛉 – cot2𝛉 = 1 ⇒ sec (90°+ 𝛉) = –cosec 𝛉
cosec2𝛉 = 1 + cot2𝛉 or, cosec(90°+ 𝛉) =
sec 𝛉
cot2𝛉 = cosec2𝛉 – 1
Trigonometry Function sin (180°– 𝛉) = sin 𝛉
A
cos(180°– 𝛉) = –cos 𝛉
of Negative Angles
tan (180°– 𝛉) = –tan 𝛉
AV
sin (90° – 𝛉) = cos 𝛉 cot (180°– 𝛉) = –cot 𝛉
cos(90° – 𝛉) = sin 𝛉 sec (180°– 𝛉) = –sec 𝛉
cosec(180°– 𝛉) =
tan (90° – 𝛉) = cot 𝛉
ST
cosec 𝛉
cot (90° – 𝛉) = tan 𝛉
sec (90° – 𝛉) = cosec 𝛉
. sin(180° + 𝛉) = –sin 𝛉
cosec(90° – 𝛉) =
cos(180° + 𝛉) = –cos 𝛉
A
sec 𝛉
tan(180° + 𝛉) = tan 𝛉
cot(180° + 𝛉) = cot 𝛉
IV
sec(180° + 𝛉) = –sec 𝛉
Trigonometry Function cosec(180°+𝛉) =
of Complementary and –cosec 𝛉
SR
Supplementary Angles sin(270°– 𝛉) = –cos 𝛉
cos(270°– 𝛉) =–sin 𝛉
tan(270°– 𝛉) = cot 𝛉
N
cot(270°– 𝛉) = +tan 𝛉
cosec(270°– 𝛉) = –sec 𝛉
sec(270°– 𝛉) =
A
–cosec 𝛉
M
sin(270°+ 𝛉) = –cos 𝛉
sin (90°+ 𝛉) = cos 𝛉
cos(270°+ 𝛉) = sin 𝛉
cos(90°+ 𝛉) = –sin 𝛉
A
tan(270°+ 𝛉) = –cot 𝛉
tan (90° + 𝛉) = –cot 𝛉
cot(270°+ 𝛉) = –tan 𝛉
cot (90°+ 𝛉) = –tan 𝛉
Trigonometry By AMAN SRIVASTAVA
cosec(270°+ 𝛉) = –sec 𝛉 1−𝑥
2
sin𝛉 = 2
sec(270°+ 𝛉) = 1+𝑥
cosec 𝛉
3. If sin 𝛉 + cos 𝛉 = x, then
. sin(360°– 𝛉) = –sin 𝛉 2
sin 𝛉 – cos𝛉 = 2 −𝑥
cos(360°– 𝛉) = cos 𝛉
A
tan(360°– 𝛉) = –tan 𝛉
4. If sin x + cosec x = 2
cosec(360°– 𝛉) = –cosec
AV
then sinn x + cosecn x = 2
𝛉
sec(360°– 𝛉) = sec 𝛉
If cos x + sec x = 2
cot(360°– 𝛉) = –cot 𝛉
then cosn x + secn x = 2
ST
sin(360°+ 𝛉) = sin 𝛉
If tan x + cot x = 2
cos(360°+ 𝛉) = cos 𝛉
then tann x + cotn x = 2
tan(360°+ 𝛉) = tan 𝛉
A
where n ϵN.
cot(360°+ 𝛉) = cot 𝛉
sec(360°+ 𝛉) = sec 𝛉
IV
5. If A + B = 90° then,
cosec(360°+ 𝛉) = cosec
tan A. tanB = 1,
𝛉
sinA. sec B = 1,
SR
cosA. cosec B =1
Some Important
Results: 6. sin 𝛉 .sin 2 𝛉 .sin 4 𝛉
1
1. If sec 𝛉 + tan𝛉 = x then = 4
sin 3 𝛉,
N
2
𝑥 +1
sec𝛉 = , cos𝛉. Cos 2 𝛉. Cos 4 𝛉
2𝑥
1
2
𝑥 −1 = cos 3𝛉,
tan𝛉 = 4
A
2𝑥
2 tan𝛉, tan 2 𝛉. Tan 4 𝛉 =
𝑥 −1
sin𝛉 = 2 tan 3 𝛉
M
𝑥 +1
sin𝛉 .sin (60° – 𝛉) sin
2. If sec𝛉 – tan 𝛉 = x then
1
(60° + 𝛉) = sin 3 𝛉,
A
2
𝑥 +1
sec𝛉 = 2𝑥
, 4
2
cos 𝛉 cos (60° – 𝛉). (60°
1−𝑥
tan𝛉 = 2𝑥 + 𝛉) =
1
cos 3 𝛉
4
Trigonometry By AMAN SRIVASTAVA
⮚ cos(x – y) =
7. If (1 + tan A) (1 + tan B) cos(x)cos(y) +
= 2 then A + B = 45°.
sin(x)sin(y)
8. If A + B = π, then ⮚ tan(x − y) =
sin A = sin B, 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 – 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦
A
cos A = –cos B 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥⋅𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦
tan A = –tan B
AV
9. If A + B = 2 π, then
sin A = –sin B Formulas involving
ST
cos A = cos B
tan A = – tan B Double Angle
Identities:
⮚ sin(2x) =
Formulas involving
A 2sin(x).cos(x)
IV
Sum/Difference ⮚ cos(2x) = cos2(x) –
Identities: sin2(x)
SR
⮚ sin(x + y) = ⮚ cos(2x) = 2cos2(x) − 1
sin(x)cos(y) + ⮚ cos(2x) = 1 – 2sin2(x)
cos(x)sin(y) ⮚ tan(2x) =
2𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥)
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2(𝑥)
⮚ cos(x + y) =
N
cos(x)cos(y) –
Formulas involving
sin(x)sin(y)
A
Sum and Product of
⮚ tan(x + y) =
Identities:
M
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥⋅𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦 ⮚ 2 sin A cos B = sin (A
+ B) + sin (A – B),
⮚ sin(x – y) =
A
⮚ 2 cos A. sin B = sin (A
sin(x)cos(y) – + B) – sin (A – B),
cos(x)sin(y)
Trigonometry By AMAN SRIVASTAVA
⮚ 2 cos A.cos B = cos = 1 – 2 sin2 A
(A + B) + cos (A – B), 2
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴
= 2
⮚ 2 sin A sin B = cos (A 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴
– B) = cos (A + B),
⮚ Sinx + siny = 2cos2 A = 1 + cos 2A
1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝐴
tan2A = ,
A
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥–𝑦
2𝑠𝑖𝑛 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝐴
2sin2A = 1 – cos 2 A,
⮚ Sinx – siny =
AV
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦 2𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴
2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
𝑠𝑖𝑛 2
tan 2 A = 2
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴
⮚ Cosx + cosy =
ST
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥–𝑦
2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
Formulas on Triple of Angles
⮚ Cosx – cosy =
:
A
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥–𝑦
− 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2 2 sin 3A = 3 sin (𝐴) – 4 sin3 (𝐴)
IV
.
cos 3A = 4 cos 3 (𝐴) – 3 cos
❖ sin (A + B) sin (A – B =
(𝐴)
sin2 A – sin 2 B = cos2
SR
3
3 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝐴) − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝐴)
tan 3A = 2
B–cos2A 1 − 3 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝐴)
❖ cos (A + B) cos (A – B) =
cos2 A – sin 2 B = cos2 B
– sin2A
N
Maximum and Minimum
Double angle formulae: Value of Trigonometric
A
(Multiple angles) Functions
M
Type I: (a sin θ ± b cos θ) or (a
sin 2A = 2 sin A.cos A
2𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴 sin θ ± b sin θ) or (a cos θ ± b
= 2 .
1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴
A
cos θ)
cos2 A = cos 2 A –sin 2 A Maximum value = √(a2 + b2)
= 2cos2 A –1 Minimum value = – √(a2 + b2)
Trigonometry By AMAN SRIVASTAVA
Type II: (sin θ cos θ)n
Minimum value = (1/2)n
The maximum value can go up
to infinity.
Type III: a sin2θ + b cos2θ
A
If a > b, Maximum value = a
AV
and Minimum value = b
If a < b, Maximum value = b
and Minimum value = a
ST
Type IV: (a sin2θ + b cosec2θ)
or (a cos2θ + b sec2θ) or (a
tan2θ + b cot2θ)
Minimum value = 2√(ab)
A
IV
The maximum value can go up
to infinity.
SR
N
A
M
A