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Batch8 Project1

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Yasaswi Ponnuru
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6 views18 pages

Batch8 Project1

Uploaded by

Yasaswi Ponnuru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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[ Batch No : 8 ]

OBJECT / VISITOR COUNTER

TEAM MEMBERS
19B01A04H7 - T.SAI SRINIJA
19B01A04G5 - SK.SUMAIYA FATHIMA
19B01A04F0 - P.YASASWI
19B01A04E5 - D.AMRUTHA VALLI
GUIDED BY:
MR.M.A.S.MOHANRAJU ,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR , ECE DEPARTMENT

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING


SHRI VISHNU ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR WOMEN::(AUTONOMOUS)
MOTIVATION

• As counting manually is a tedious task , this motivated us to do this particular


project.
• These counter circuits are used to count the items that are manufactured in any
industry without any human intervention.
• They are used to find how many people are entered into the specific areas like
houses , malls , factories , etc.
• These circuits can also be implemented at certain places to keep a check on
number of persons entering a secured place by using a simple device like LDR.
• These reasons made us to do this project.
OBJECTIVES

• The main objective of this project involves designing a circuit that can be used
as visitor / object / material counter which is used at different places for different
purposes.
• This works on the principle of detection of absence of light by the LDR(Light
Dependent Resistor) and displaying the count on 7 – segment displays
accordingly.
• Number of CD4026 ICs and 7-segment displays can be used in this circuit based
on the count of objects that we need. For example , if one CD4026 and one 7-
segment display is used , it counts from 0 to 9. And if 2 CD4026 s and 2 7-
segment displays are used , it counts from 0 to 99 and so on.
PROJECT BACKGROUND

• This circuit helps to count number of people or any type of objects based on the
intensity of light by LDR. Many times we need to monitor the people visiting
some place like shopping mall or we need to count number of objects
manufactured in an industry.
• To provide solution for this , this project is implemented. Basic concept behind
this project is to measure and display number of persons entering any room or
number of objects manufactured with the help of LDR.
• When an object or persons passes by the LDR, the light is absent for a second and
this makes the output displayed on the LED display after incrementation of count
by 4026 IC and counting process continues.
Components Required
Components Name Quantity
50K ohm Resistor (R1) 1

12K ohm Resistor (R2) 1

100 ohm Resistors (R3,R4,R5,R6) 4

BC547 Transistor (Q1) 1

9V Battery 1

CD4026 IC (U1,U2,U3,U4) 4

LDR(Light Dependent Resistor) 1

7-Segment Display(common cathode) 4


4026IC

4026 IC

a a
b b
c c
d d
e e
f f
g g

GND GND

4026 IC

Figure 1 : Circuit Diagram for Object / Visitor Counter


BLOCK DIAGRAM

Clock CD 4026 IC
Clock
LDR Pulse Decade
Output
Input Counter

When an object or person passes by LDR , light intensity decreases and


resistance of LDR increases . Then the transistor changes from OFF to ON
state and clock pulse input is given as carry input to the 4026 IC decade
counter . And the carry out is given to the 7 - segment display . So
whenenver an object or person passes through this circuit , everytime the
count is incremented by ‘1’ and it is displayed on the 7 - segment displays .
In the process of learning , we implemented 1 - digit object / visitor counter
circuit by using a single CD 4026 IC and one 7 - segment LED display . This
circuit counts objects or persons of a count from 0 to 9 . This is very simple
and easy circuit to be implemented .

Figure 2 : 1 - digit Object / Visitor Counter


Similarly , we constructed 2 - digit object / visitor counter , then two CD4026
ICs need to be used by cascading each other and also two 7 - segment
displays need to be used .This can be used to display the count from 0 to 99.

Figure 3 : 2 - digit Object / Visitor Counter


And this is 3 – digit object / visitor counter circuit constructed by extending
the 2 - digit counter circuit a little bit . This circuit consists of three 4026
ICs and also three 7 - segment LED displays . It can be used to count persons
or objects from 0 to the highest count of 999 .

Figure 4 : 3 - digit Object / Visitor Counter


Then we thought counting from 0-9 , 0-99 or 0-999 won’t be a big thing . As
we want our circuit to be more efficient , we constructed 4 – digit counter and
it can count from 0 to 9999 .

Figure 5 : 4 - digit Object / Visitor Counter


SIMULATION

Software Used : ‘ PROTEUS ’

• It is a software tool used primarily for electronic design automation . This


software is used mainly to creat various electronic circuits .
• In this project , we have used Proteus 8.11 Version for the construction of
object / visitor counter circuit . The latest version released by its developer is
8.12 .
• It is a simulation software that is used to simulate components and is
capable of drawing desired circuit . It has a huge list of components and
many libraries available which can be added to include more components .
SIMULATION RESULT

Figure 6 : Sample Simulation Result of Object / Visitor Counter Circuit


CONCLUSION

• In this project , the working model of object / visitor counter circuit is


created . A LDR , a transistor , resistors , CD 4026 IC Decade Counters and 7
- segment LED displays are combined to form this counter circuit .
• This counter circuit is verified through simulation using the Proteus . This
design is then implemented and modified to suit the needs of the project .
• Problems are analysed and solved where necessary in the implementation of
this counter circuit and it is concluded that this circuit has met the design
criteria of the project.
APPLICATIONS

• These counter circuits are used in counting the products passing through
an assembly line in a manufacturing plant .
• Counts the number of people entering any specific areas .
• Used in banks for couting the number of notes .
• Used in vehicle parking places to count and display number of vehicles
inside the parking slot .
• Used in lifts to count and display number of persons inside the lift .
FUTURE SCOPE

• Lights can be turned ON / OFF according to the number of people in the


room thereby reducing the cost of electricity .
• Voice alarm system can be added to indicate that the room is full and
persons can’t enter inside .
• By using different sensors and technologies , we can not only increment
the count of objects coming in but also decrement the number of objects
going out .
• Metal detectors or alarms can be added for security reasons .
REFERENCES

• 1. 2 Digit Digital object Counter | Digital Object Counter Ciruit using infrared sensor
(circuitspedia.com)

• 2. https://youtu.be/DZZfwXvbMxE

• 3. https://www.engineersgarage.com/2-digit-object-counter/

• 4. https://youtu.be/EE8rnNKstbc

• 5 . https://www.electroinvention.co.in/visitor-counter-circuit-using-4026-7-segment-display

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