2.

THEORY OF EQUATIONS

PREVIOUS EAMCET Bits

EAMCET-2001
Each of the roots of the equation x − 6 x + 6 x − 5 = 0 are increased by k so that the new
3 2
1.
transformed equation does not contain term. Then k =
1 1
− −
1. 3 2. 2 3. -1 4. -2
Ans: 4
Sol. The transformed equation is ( x − k ) − 6( x − k ) + 6( x − k ) − 5 = 0
3 2

Coefficient of x2 is 0 ⇒ − 3k − 6 = 0 ⇒ k = −2
The roots of the equation x −14 x + 56 x − 64 = 0 are in ......... progression.
3 2
2.
1. Arithmetico-geometric 2. Harmonic 3. Arithmetic 4. Geometric

.in
Ans : 4
Sol. By verification x = 2 is a factor of given equation.
2 1 −14 56 −64 di
0 2 −24 64
Ba
1 −12 32 0
(x-2) (x2-12x+32) = 0
et

x2-12x+32=0
x = 4,8
.N

∴ Roots are 2,4,8

∴ These are in G.P.
w

If there is a multiple root of order 3 for the equation x − 2 x + 2 x −1 = 0 , then the other root is
4 3
3.
w

1. -1 2. 0 3. 1 4. 2
Ans: 1
w

Let f(x) = x4-2x3+2x-1 ⇒ f (1) = 0

⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 4x 3 − 6x 2 + 2 ⇒ f ′ (1) = 0
⇒ f11(x) = 12x2-12x ⇒ f 11 (1) = 0
Roots of given equation are 1,1,1
Let the other root be α
S1 = 2
1+1+1+ α
α = -1
∴ Other root is -1
4. The equation whose roots are the negatives of the roots of the equation
x 7 + 3x5 + x3 − x 2 + 7 x + 2 = 0
1. x + 3x + x + x − 7 x + 2 = 0 2. x + 3x + x + x + 7 x − 2 = 0
7 5 3 2 7 5 3 2

PDF Watermark Remover DEMO : Purchase from www.PDFWatermarkRemover.com to remove the waterma
 Theory of Equations
3. x + 3 x + x − x − 7 x − 2 = 0 4. x + 3x + x − x + 7 x − 2 = 0
7 5 3 2 7 5 3 2

Ans: 2
Sol. f(-x) = 0
(-x)7 + 3(-x)5 +(-x)3 -(-x)2 + 7(-x) + 2 = 0
-x7-3x5-x3-x2-7x+2=0
x7+3x5+x3+x2+7x-2=0
5. The biquadratic equation, two of whose roots are 1 + i, 1− 2 is
1. x − 4 x + 5 x − 2 x − 2 = 0 2. x − 4 x − 5 x + 2 x + 2 = 0
4 3 2 4 3 2

3. x + 4 x − 5 x + 2 x − 2 = 0 4. x + 4 x + 5 x − 2 x + 2 = 0
4 3 2 4 3 2

Ans: 1
Sol. The roots of required equation are
1+i, 1-i, 1− 2 , 1+ 2
Here S1 = 1+i+1-i+ 1− 2 + 1+ 2 =4 (sum of the roots)

.in
S4 = (1+i) (1-i) ( 1− 2 )( 1+ 2 ) (product of the roots)
= (1-i2) (1- 2)
= -2
Now verify options.
di
Ba
To remove the 2nd term of the equation x − 8 x + x − x + 3 = 0 diminished the root of the
4 3 2
6.
equation by [ EAMCET-2002 ]
et

1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4
Ans: 2
− a − (− 8)
.N

Sol. h = 1 = =2
na0 4(1)
w

The maximum possible number of real roots of the equation x − 6 x − 4 x + 5 = 0 is

5 2
7.
w

1. 3 2. 4 3. 5 4. 0
Ans: 1
w

Sol. Let f(x) = x5 – 6 x2 – 4x + 5 = 0, f(–x) = –x5 – 6x2 + 4x + 5 = 0

Number of positive real roots = Number of changes of signs in f(x)
=2
No. of negative roots = No. of changes of signs in f(-x)
=1
∴ No. of real roots = No. of positive roots + No. of negative roots =
= 2 +1 = 3
If α, β, γ are the roots of the equation x + ax + bx + c = 0 then α −1 + β−1 + γ −1 =
3 2
8.
a b c b
−
1. c 2. c 3. a 4. a
Ans: 2
1 1 1
Sol. α −1 + β −1 + γ −1 = + +
α β γ

PDF Watermark Remover DEMO : Purchase from www.PDFWatermarkRemover.com to remove the waterma
 Theory of Equations
βγ + αγ + αβ S 2 b
= = =
αβγ S3 −c
1 + 3i
If 2 is a root of the equation x − x + x −1 = 0 then its real roots are
4 3
9.
1. 1,1 2. -1, -1 3. 1, 2 4. 1, -1
Ans: 4
1 + 3i
1 − 3i
Sol. If 2 is a roots of the given equation then the other root be roots are
2
Let the remaining roots be α , β
Now sum of the roots of given equation = S1 = 1
1+ 3 i 1− 3i
+ +α + β =1
2 2
1+α + β = 1

.in
α +β =0
By verification roots are 1,-1

10. If α, β, γ are the roots of 2 x − 2 x −1 = 0 then

3
di
Ba
1. -1 2. 1 3. 2 4. 3
Ans: 2
et

Sol. (Σαβ )2 = (S 2 )2
⎛−2⎞
2
.N

=⎜ ⎟ =1
⎝ 2 ⎠
w

−1 −1 −1
11. If α, β, γ are the roots of the equation then ( α + β ) + ( β + γ ) + ( γ + α ) =
x 3 + 4x + 1 = 0
w

EAMCET - 2003
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5
w

Ans: 3
Sol. α + β + γ = 0
(α + β )−1 + (β + γ )−1 + (γ + α )−1 = (− γ )−1 + (− α )−1 + (− β )−1
1 1 1
= − − −
γ α β
⎛ 1 1 1⎞
= − ⎜⎜ + + ⎟⎟
⎝α β γ ⎠
⎛ αβ + βγ + γα ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞
= − ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = − ⎜ ⎟ = 4
⎝ αβγ ⎠ ⎝ −1⎠
12. Let α ≠ 0 and P(x) be a polynomial of degree greater than 2. If P(x) leaves remainders
α and − α when divided respectively by x + α and x − α then the remainder when P(x) is divided by
x 2 − α 2 is

PDF Watermark Remover DEMO : Purchase from www.PDFWatermarkRemover.com to remove the waterma
 Theory of Equations
1) 2x 2) -2x 3) x 4) –x
Ans: 4
Sol. Let the remainder be R(x), then
R(x) = p(x)+q and R(a) = -a
Given R(-a) = a pa+q = -a------(2)
- pa + q = a -------(1)
Solving (1) & (2), we get
p = -1, q = 0
∴ R( x) = − x

13. If the sum of two of the roots of x + px + qx + r = 0 is zero then pq =

3 2

1) -r 2) r 3) 2r 4) -2r
Ans: 2
Sol. Let the roots be α , β , γ
Given α + β = 0

.in
α + β +γ = −p ⇒ γ = −p
γ = − p is a root of x 3 + px 2 + qx + r = 0 di
⇒ (− p ) + p(− p ) + q(− p ) + r = 0
3 2
Ba
∴ pq = r
14. If the roots of the equation 4x − 12x + 11x + k = 0 are in A.P. Then K =
3 2
[EAMCET-2004]
et

1) -3 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3
Ans: 1
.N

Sol. Let the roots be a-d, a, a+d

⎛ − 12 ⎞
(a-d) + a + (a+d) = − ⎜ ⎟
w

⎝ 4 ⎠
w

3a = 3 ⇒ a = 1
a = 1 is a root of 4x3-12x2+11x+k = 0
w

⇒ 4(1)3-12(1)2+11(1)+k=0
⇒ 3+k = 0 ∴ k = -3
15.
α, β, γ are the roots of the equation x 3 − 10x 2 + 7x + 8 = 0 Match the following
43
−
1) α+β+ γ a) 4
−7
2) α 2 + β2 + γ 2 b) 8
1 1 1
+ +
3) α β γ c) 86
α β γ
+ +
4) βγ γα αβ d) 0
e) 10
1) e, c, a, b 2) d, c, a, b 3) e, c, b, a 4) e, b, c, a

PDF Watermark Remover DEMO : Purchase from www.PDFWatermarkRemover.com to remove the waterma
 Theory of Equations
Ans: 3
Sol. x − 10x + 7x + 8 = 0
3 2

Now α + β + γ = 10
α 2 + β 2 + γ 2 = (α + β + γ ) − 2 (αβ + βγ + γα )
2

= (10)2 – 2(7)
= 86
1 1 1 βγ + γα + αβ 7
+ + = =
α β γ αβγ −8

α β α α 2 + β2 + γ 2 86 −43
+ + = = =
βγ γα αβ αβγ −8 4
16. If f(x) is a polynomial of degree n with rational coefficients and 1 + 2i, 2 − 3 and 5 are three

.in
roots of f(x)=0, then the least value of n is
1) 5 2) 4 3) 3 4) 6
Ans: 1
di
Sol. Since 1+2i, 2 − 3 and 5 are the some roots of polynomial f(x) of degree n. As we know this
conjugate are also the roots of the polynomial is 1-2i, 2 + 3
Ba
∴ The least value of n is 5.
17. The roots of the equation x − 3x − 2 = 0 are
3
[EAMCET-2005]
et

1) -1, -1, 2 2) -1, 1, -2 3) -1, 2, -3 4) -1, -1, -2

.N

Ans 1
Sol. Verify S1
Here S1 = 0
w

By verification the roots are -1,-1,2

w

−2 −2
18. If α, β, γ are the roots of x + 2x − 3x − 1 = 0 then α + β
3 2 + γ −2 =
w

1) 12 2) 13 3) 14 4) 15
Ans: 2

α −2 + β−2 + γ −2 =
1 1 1
+ +
α 2 β2 γ 2
Sol.
α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2
=
α 2 β 2γ 2
αβγ = −2
αβ + βγ + γα = −3
αβγ = 1
(αβ + βγ + γα )2 = α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 + 2αβγ (α + β + γ )
9 = α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 + 2(1)(− 2)
α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 = 13
5

PDF Watermark Remover DEMO : Purchase from www.PDFWatermarkRemover.com to remove the waterma
 Theory of Equations
13
α −2 + β −2 + γ 2 =
= 13
1
19 The difference between two roots of the equation x3-13x2+15x+189=0 is 2. Then the roots of the
equation are [EAMCET : 2006]
1) -3,5,9 2) -3,-7,-9 3) 3,-5,7 4) -3,7, 9
Ans: 4
Sol. Verify S1
20. If α , β , γ are the roots of the equation x 3 − 6 x 2 + 11x + 6 = 0 then Σα 2 β + Σαβ 2 is equal to
1) 80 2) 84 3) 90 4) -84
Ans: 2
Sol. Σα 2 β + Σαβ 2 = S1S 2 − 3S3
= (6) (11) – 3(-6)
= 84
If 1, 2, 3 and 4 are the roots of the equation x + ax + bx + cx + d = 0, then a + 2b + c = (E-2007)
4 3 2

.in
21.
1) -25 2) 0 3) 10 4) 24
Ans: 3
Sol. (x-1)(x-2)(x-3)(x-4) = x4+ax3+bx2+cx+d di
⇒ (x 2 − 3x + 2 )(x 2 − 7 x + 12 ) = x 4 + ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d
Ba
⇒ x 4 − 10 x 3 + 35 x 2 − 50 x + 24 = x 4 + ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d
Now a = -10, b = 35, c = -50, d = 24
et

a +2b+c=-10+2(35)-50
.N

= 10
22. If α , β , γ are the roots of x3 − 2 x 2 + 3 x − 4 = 0 then the value of α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 is
w

1) -7 2) -5 3) -3 4) 0
Ans: 1
w

Sol. α + β + γ = 2 , αβ + βγ + γα = 3 , αβγ = −4
w

α 2 β 2 + β 2γ 2 + γ 2α 2 = (αβ + βγ + γα )2 − 2αβγ (α + β + γ )
= (3) − 2(4)(2) = -7
2

EAMCET 2008
23. The cubic equation whose roots are thrice to each of the roots of x3-2x2-4x+1=0 is
1) x3-6x2+36x+27=0 2) x3+6x2+36x+27=0 3) x3-6x2-36x+27=0 4) x3+6x2-36x+27=0
Ans: 4
x ⎛ x⎞
Sol. x = 3α ⇒ ⇒ f ⎜ ⎟ = 0
3 ⎝3⎠
3 2
⎛ x⎞ ⎛x⎞ ⎛ x⎞
⎜ ⎟ + 2⎜ ⎟ − 4⎜ ⎟ + 1 = 0
⎝3⎠ ⎝3⎠ ⎝3⎠
⇒ x 3 + 6 x 2 − 36 x + 27 = 0
24. The sum of fourth powers of the roots of the equation x 3 + x + 1 = 0 is

PDF Watermark Remover DEMO : Purchase from www.PDFWatermarkRemover.com to remove the waterma
 Theory of Equations
1) -2 2) -1 3) 1 4) 2
Ans: 4
Sol. Let roots be α , β , γ we have to find α 4 + β 4 + γ 4
Let f(x) = x3+x+1
f1(x) = 3x2+1

Now −
f 1 (x ) (
3x 2 + 1
=− 3
)
f (x ) x + x +1
3 0 1
1 0 0 3 1
1 0 3 3 1
3 3 1 2
∴ α + β +γ = 2
4 4 4

α2 β2 γ2
25. If α , β , γ are the roots of x3+4x+1=0 then the equation whose roots are , , is

.in
β +γ γ +α α + β
1) x3-4x-1=0 2) x3-4x+1=0 3) x3+4x-1=0 4) x3+4x+1=0

Ans: 3
di [EAMCET 2009]
Ba
α2 α2
Sol. Let y = = = −α = − x [∵ α + β + γ = 0]
β +γ α
∴ Required equation is (-x)3+4(-x)+1=0
et

⇒ x3 + 4x −1 = 0
.N

26. If f(x)=2x4-13x2+ax+b is divisible by x2-3x+2, then (a,b) =

1) (-a,-2) 2) (6,4) 3) (9,2) 4) (2,9)
w

Ans: 3
Sol. x2-3x+2 = (x-1)(x-2)
w

f(1)=0, f(2)=0
w

2-13+a+b=0 32-52+2a+b=0
a+b=11 2a+b=20
Solving (1) & (2) we get
(a,b) = (9,2)

PDF Watermark Remover DEMO : Purchase from www.PDFWatermarkRemover.com to remove the waterma