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A Journey Through Computer History

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78 views10 pages

A Journey Through Computer History

Uploaded by

garvita110504
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Journey Through

Computer History
Join us on a fascinating journey through the history of computers,
exploring their evolution from the bulky machines of the past to the sleek
devices we use today.
The First Generation of
Computers (1940s-1950s)
1 Vacuum Tubes
The first computers used vacuum tubes, which were large,
bulky, and produced a lot of heat. They were also
unreliable and prone to failure.

2 Limited Memory
Early computers had limited memory capacity, typically
using magnetic drums or punched cards to store
information.

3 Batch Processing
Computers processed information in batches, meaning
that tasks were performed in a sequential manner rather
than in real time.

4 Specific Purpose
These early computers were designed for specific tasks,
such as scientific calculations or military applications.
The Second Generation of Computers (1950s-
1960s)

1 Transistors 2 Magnetic Core Memory


Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, making computers Magnetic core memory increased storage capacity and
smaller, faster, more reliable, and more energy- provided faster access to data. Magnetic tapes were
efficient. used for secondary storage.

3 High-Level Programming Languages 4 Commercial Applications


Programming languages like FORTRAN and COBOL Computers became more affordable and versatile,
were developed, making it easier to write programs. leading to widespread adoption in businesses and
industries.
The Third Generation of Computers (1960s-
1970s)
Integrated Circuits Miniaturization Operating Systems

The invention of integrated circuits Computers became smaller and Operating systems like Unix and MS-
(ICs) allowed for thousands of lighter, making them more portable DOS were introduced, managing
transistors to be packed onto a single and accessible to a wider audience. computer resources and simplifying
chip, further reducing size and user interactions.
increasing speed.
The Fourth Generation of
Computers (1970s-1980s)
Microprocessors Personal Computers
The invention of the (PCs)
microprocessor integrated the The development of affordable
entire CPU onto a single chip, PCs, like the Apple II and IBM
revolutionizing computer PC, made computing accessible
design and paving the way for to individuals and fueled the
personal computers. growth of the home computing
market.

Graphical User Networks and the


Interfaces (GUIs) Internet
GUIs, such as the one Networks and the internet
introduced by Apple's emerged, connecting
Macintosh, replaced command- computers and enabling
line interfaces, making communication and
computers easier to use for a information sharing on a global
wider range of people. scale.
The Fifth Generation of Computers (1980s-
1990s)
1 2 3

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Parallel Processing Ubiquitous Computing


Focus on developing computers Computers with multiple processors The integration of computers into
capable of performing tasks that working simultaneously to improve everyday objects and environments,
typically require human intelligence, performance and handle complex leading to the rise of mobile devices
such as natural language processing tasks. and the Internet of Things (IoT).
and expert systems.
The Impact of
Microprocessors and
Integrated Circuits
Smaller Size More Powerful Lower Cost

Increased Enhanced Reliability Greater Availability


Portability
The Rise of Personal
Computers and the Internet

Personal Computing Internet


Computers became accessible to The internet emerged as a global
individuals, leading to a surge in network connecting computers and
home computing and the enabling communication and
development of software information sharing on an
applications for everyday use. unprecedented scale.

Email and Web Browsers Social Media


The development of email and web Social media platforms like
browsers transformed the way Facebook and Twitter emerged,
people communicate and access connecting people worldwide and
information, leading to the rise of fostering online communities.
the World Wide Web.
The Shift to Mobile and Cloud Computing

Mobile Computing Cloud Computing


The development of smartphones and tablets enabled access Cloud computing services like Amazon Web Services (AWS)
to information and services anytime, anywhere. and Microsoft Azure made computing resources available on
demand, offering scalability and flexibility.
Conclusion: The Ongoing
Evolution of Computers
The evolution of computers is an ongoing process. Advancements in
technology continue to drive innovation, leading to smaller, faster, and
more powerful devices. From AI and machine learning to quantum
computing, the future of computers holds exciting possibilities for
transforming our lives.

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