Senior High School

Department of Education
National Capital Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Quarter 1: Module 4.A
Exponential Functions

Writer: JOEL C. HAGOS, (FHS)

EVELYN E. SEROY, (MHS)
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo (SNNHS)

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 What I Need to Know

Hello, Grade 11 learners! In this module, you will learn how to :

Represent real-life situations using exponential functions. M11GM-Ie-3

Distinguish between exponential function, exponential equation, and

exponential inequality. M11GM-Ie-4

Solve exponential equations. M11GM-Ie-f-1

Solve exponential inequalities. M11GM-Ie-f-1

This module is divided into 4 lessons, namely:

Lesson 1: Representing Real-life Situations Using Exponential Functions.

Lesson 2: Exponential Functions, Equations, and Inequalities.

Lesson 3: Solving Exponential Equations

Lesson 4: Solving Exponential Inequalities

You can say that you have understood the lesson in this module if
you can already:

1. define exponential functions;

2. illustrate exponential functions that represent-real life situations using
exponential functions like population, half-lie, and compound interest;
3. solve problems involving real-life situations using exponential functions;
4. distinguish exponential functions, equations, and inequalities;
5. use the properties in solving exponential equation and inequalities, and
6. solve exponential equations and inequalities.

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 What I Know

Choose the correct letter that corresponds to your answer.

1. The price of a car depreciates at 8% every year. a) How much will a car with
an initial cost of Ᵽ560 ,000 be after 3 years? b) How many years will a buyer
wait for him to buy the car at half of its original price?
A. Php 435 600.28 and 9 years C. Php 438 065.26 and 7 years
B. Php 436 065.28 and 8 years D. Php 434 065.29 and 8 years

2. The half- life of a radioactive substance is one hundred ninety-four days.

How many days will it take for eighty percent of the substance to decay?
A. 365 days B. 356 days C. 358 days D. 362 days

3. It is an expression of the form (a)(bx) + d, where b>0, b≠1.

A. Exponential Equation C. Exponential Function
B. Exponential Expression D. Exponential Inequality

4. Which among the following is an exponential function?

A. 2x+1 B. y = 2x+1 C. 2x+1>22 D. 2x+1 = 22

5. Which of the following shows an exponential equation?

A. 2x+1 B. y = 2x+1 C. 2x+1>22 D. 2x+1 = 22

6. Given an exponential equation 3x+1 = 34. What is the value of x?

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

7. Solve 9x+1 = 27.

1 1
A. − B. C. -1 D. 1
2 2

8. Solve for 25-x = 16.

A. -9 B. -1 C. 1 D. 9

1 1
9. What is the base of the given exponential inequality ( )𝑥 < ( )𝑥+4 ?
10 10
1
A. B. 0 C. 10 D. 100
100

10. Solve for x: 10x > 1000x+2.

A. x<-3 B. x>3 C. x<-6 D. x>6

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 Lesson 1 Representing Real-life Situations Using Exponential
Functions

What’s In
Given the following exponential expressions, complete the table of values
and answer the questions that follow.

Exponential
x=0 x =1 x=2 x=3 x=4
Expressions
2x
3-x
1
( )𝑥
2

1
1. How do you evaluate the given exponential expression 2x, 3-x, and( )𝑥 if x =
2
0, 1, 2, 3, and 4?

2. What happens to the value of the expression if the exponent is equal to

zero?

3. What happens to the values of the expression 2 x when the value of x

increases?

1
4. What happens to the values of the expression ( )𝑥 when the value of x
2
increases?

What’s New
Let us study this situation.

In a certain city with 5 barangays, the LGU (Local Government Unit)

declared an outbreak status for COVID 19. The table below shows the status
of COVID 19 for the first month.

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 First Month No. of COVID19 Cases

Week 1 20
Week 2 40
Week 3 80

Week 4 160

Follow up Questions:
1. How many COVID19 cases were recorded during the first week?
2. What observations can you depict from the table? Explain your answer.
3. Write the formula to determine the number of Covid19 cases from week1
to week 4.

What is It
Exponential functions are used to model populations, carbon date
artifacts, help coroners determine time of death, compute investments, and
many other applications.

An exponential function with base b is a function of the form

f(x) = bx or y = bx (b>0, b≠1).

Example 1. Complete the table of values for the exponential functions

1
y = ( )𝑥 , 6x and y = (0.5)x.
4
Solution:
x -2 -1 0 1 2
1 𝑥
y =( ) Given
4
1
= ( )−2 Substitute the value of x.
4

y = ( )𝑥
1 = (4−1 ) −2 Apply the Law of
4 1
1 1
4 Negative exponent 16
4
= (4)2 Multiply the exponent (-1)(-2)

= 16 Evaluate 42

y = 6x Given

= 6-2 Substitute the value of x.

=
1 1
y = 6x 62
Apply the Law of 1 6 36
Negative exponent a-n =
1 6
𝑎𝑛
1
= Evaluate 62 in the denominator
36

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 y = (0.5)x
1
=( )𝑥 Write 0.5 into a fraction form
2
1
=( )−2 Substitute the value of x
2
1−2
=( −2) Distribute the exponent -2 from
2
y = (0.5)x the base
1
2
2 1 0.5 0.25
1
= 1 Apply the law negative exponent
4
1
2-2 = 4
4
= 1● Multiply 1 from the reciprocal of
1
1 4

=4 Cancel the common factor 1 and 1.

Example 2. If f(x) = 4x, evaluate f(2), f(-2), f(0.4).

Solution: f(x) = 4x
f(2) = 42 = 16
1 1
f(-2) = 4-2 = =
42 16
5 2 5
f(0.4) =40.4 = √4 = √16

Definition: Let b be a positive number not equal to 1. A transformation of

exponential functions with base b is a function of the form
g(x) = a∙bx – c + d, where a, c and d are real numbers.

Applications of Exponential Functions

Compound interest, population growth, and exponential decay are the most
common applications of exponential functions and their transformations in
real-life.

1. Compound Interest: A starting amount of money called principal earns

interest at the end of a given period of time such as one year. If the interest rate
is compounded, the interest earned at the end of the period is added to the
principal and this new amount will earn interest in the next period. The same
process is repeated for each succeeding period. Interest previously earned will
also earn interest in the next period.

Compound Interest
If a principal P is invested at an annual rate of r, compounded annually,
then the amount after t years is given by A = P(1+r)t.

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Example: Mang Cardo deposits Php 12, 000.00 in the Veterans Bank that pays
3% compound interest annually. Define an exponential model for this situation.
How much money will he have after 5 years?
Solution: Let t = time in years
Initially,
at, t = 0 Investment in 0 year = 12, 000
at, t = 1 Investment in 1 year = 12, 000 + 12, 000(0.03) = 12, 360.00
at, t = 2 Investment in 2 years = 12, 360+ 12, 360(0.03) = 12, 730.80
at, t = 3 Investment in 3 years = 12, 730.8+12, 730.8 (0.03) = 13, 112.72
at, t = 4 Investment in 4 years = 13, 112.72+13, 112.72(0.03) = 13, 506.11
at, t = 5 Investment in 5 years = 13, 506.11+ 13, 506.11(0.03) = 13, 911.29

It shows from the table, that the principal amount with the interest earned
can be computed as follows:
Let t = time in years
t = 0 Php 12, 360
t = 1 Php 12, 000(1+0.03) = Php 12,000(1.03) = 12, 360.00
t = 2 Php 12, 000(1+0.03)2 = Php 12,000(1.03)2 = 12, 730.80
t = 3 Php 12, 000(1+0.03)3 = Php 12,000(1.03)3 = 13,112.72
t = 4 Php 12, 000(1+0.03)4 = Php 12,000(1.03)4 = 13, 506.11
t = 5 Php 12, 000(1+0.03)4 = Php 12,000(1.03)5 = 13, 911.29

Thus, the exponential model for this situation is A = 12, 000(1.03) t and the
amount of money after 5 years is Php 13, 911.29.

2. Population Growth. At t = 0, initially there were 20 bacteria. Suppose

that the bacteria doubles every 100 hours. Give an exponential model for the
bacteria as a function of t.
Solution: Let y = number of bacteria
t = number of hours
Initially,
at t = 0 Number of bacteria = 20 or y = 20
at t = 100 Number of bacteria = 20(2) or y = 20(2)
at t = 200 Number of bacteria = 20(2)2 or y = 20(2)2
at t = 300 Number of bacteria = 20(2)3 or y = 20(2)3
at t = 400 Number of bacteria = 20(2)4 or y = 20(2)4
𝑡
An exponential model for this situation is 𝑦 = 20(2)100

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 Exponential Models and Population Growth
Suppose a quantity y doubles every T units of time. If y0 is the initial amount,
then the quantity y after t units of time is given by y = y0(2)t/T.

The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for half of the
substance to decay.

3. Exponential Decay. Suppose that the half-life of a certain radioactive

substance is 10 days and there are 10g initially, determine the amount of
substance remaining after 30 days and give an exponential model for the
amount of remaining substance.

Solution: Let t = time in days

Initially,

at, t=0 Amount of Substance = 10 g

1
at t = 10 days Amount of Substance = 10 g (2) = 5g
1
at, t = 20 days Amount of Substance = 10g ( )2 = 2.5g
2
1
at, t = 30 days Amount of Substance = 10g (2)3 = 1.25g

1 𝑡
An exponential model for this situations is y = 50( 2)10

Exponential Functions and Half-life

If the half-life of a substance is T units, and y0 is the amount of the
substance corresponding to t = 0, then the amount y of substance
1 𝑡
remaining after t units of time is given by y = y 0( )𝑇
2

4. Natural Exponential Function.

While an exponential function may have various bases, a frequently

used base is irrational number e, whose value is approximately 2.71828.

Definition
The natural exponential function is the function f(x) = ex.

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Example: The predicted population of a certain city is given by P =
250,000e(0.03y), where y is the number of years after 2022. Predict the
population for the year 2028.

Solution: Given: The number of years from 2022 to 2028 is 6 so the value
of y = 6.

P = 250,000e(0.03y)
P = 250,000(2.71828)(0.03)(6)
P = 299, 304.30
Thus, the predicted population from year 2022 to 2028 is 299, 304.

What’s More
Solve the following:
1. A sky diver jumps from a reasonable height above the ground. The air
resistance that she experiences is proportional to her velocity, and the
constant of proportionality is 0.2. It can be shown that the download velocity
of the sky diver at time t is given by:
v(t) = 80 (1 – e0.2 )
where t is measured in seconds and v(t) is measured in feet per second (ft/s).
a. What is the initial velocity of the sky diver?
b. What is the velocity after 5 seconds? After 10 seconds?

2. The amount in grams of a radioactive substance present at a time t is

1
y = 250 ( )0.030t where t is time in days.
2
a. What is the amount present initially?
b. What is the amount after 100 days?

2. The population of a city is P = 1 000 000 (20.02t ) where t is measured in

months.
a. What is the initial population of the city?
b. What is the population of the city after 50 months?

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 What I Have Learned

Fill in each blank with an appropriate word to complete the sentence.

1. An ___________________ with base b is a function of the form f(x) = b x or y =
bx (b>0, b≠1).
2. A transformation of exponential functions with base b is a function of the
form ______________________.
3. If a principal P is invested at an annual rate of r, compound annually, then
the amount after t years is given by _______________.
4. The __________________ of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for half of
the substance to decay.
5. The _____________________ is the function f(x) = ex

What I Can Do

Solve the following problems.

1. A radioactive substance decays in such a way that the amount of mass
remaining after t days is given by the function m(t) = 13e-0.015t where m(t)
is measured in kilograms.
a. What is the mass at time t = 0
b. How much of the mass remains after 45 days?
2. A bacterial culture is growing according to the formula y = 10 000e 0.6x
Where x is the time in days.
a. What is the number of bacteria after 1week?
b. How many bacteria are there after 12hours?
Rubrics for problem solving
Score Description

15 points Complete solutions and correct answer

10 points Incomplete solutions and correct answer

5 points Incomplete solutions and incorrect answer

No point earned No output at all

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 Assessment
Choose the correct letter that corresponds to the exact answer.
1. The cost of a new car is $32,000. It depreciates at a rate of 15% per year.
This means it loses 15% of each value each year. Find the value of the car
when it is four years old.
A. $16 255 B. $16 704 C. $15 456 D. $ 5 754

2. The population of a town is estimated to increase by 15% per year. The

population today is 20 thousand. Find out what the population will be ten
years from now.
A. 70 911 people C 79 911 people B. 67 911 people D. 80 911 people

3. Mina bought a diamond ring for Ᵽ60 000. If the value of the ring increases
at a constant rate of 4% per year, how much will the ring be in 21 years?
A. Php 136 726.08 C. Php 138 456.68
B. Php 135 720.9 D. Php 134 754.5

4. Suppose $4000 is invested at 6% interest compounded annually. How

much money will there be in the bank at the end of 5 years? At the end of 20
years?
A. $ 4 352.80 and $ 13 828. 55 C. $ 5 435.75 and $ 13 456.6
B. $ 5 352.90 and 12 828.54 D. $ 5 345.65 and $ 12 875.75

5. The local government projects that the town’s population will grow at a
constant rate of 32% per year. At this rate, how many years will it take to be
five times of its current size?
A. 5 years B. 7 years C. 4 years D. 6 years

Additional Activities
In the research study of a biologist, there are 30 bacteria which have been
recorded at t = 0. Suppose that the bacteria double in every 100 hours,
present an exponential model for the bacteria as a function of t. Write your
complete solution in the box.

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 Exponential Functions, Exponential Equations, and
Lesson 2
Exponential Inequality.

What’s In
Answer the following:
1
1. If f(x) = 5x, evaluate f(2), f(-2), f(0), and f( )
2
2. In the previous lesson, what real-life situations are using exponential
functions?
3. In the exponential function f(x) = bx, x is the ______________.
4. In the formula A = P(1+r)t, What is P?
5. What do you call the function f(x) = ex?

What’s New
Considering the items below, find for their similarities and differences. Then,
answer the questions that follow.

a. 4x-2 = 64 b. y = 6x c. 3x ≥ 27

1. What are the similarities of a, b and c?

2. What makes a and c different from b?
3. What makes a and b different from c?

What is It
Here, we will distinguish exponential functions, exponential equations and
exponential inequality.
Definition:

Exponential equation: It is an equation that involves the expression

bP( x ), where b>0 and P(x) is a polynomial.

Exponential Function: It is a function defined by f(x) = a.bP( x ) + h

where a, b, h are real numbers; a0, b>0 and P(x) is a polynomial.

Exponential Inequality: An inequality of the bxc or bxc.

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Illustrative Examples:
a. f(x) = 4x – 1 is an exponential function.

b. 52x = 25 and 3x = 9x+1 are exponential equations.

c. 2x+1 > 8 is an exponential inequality.

What’s More
Determine if the given item is an exponential function, an exponential
equation, an exponential inequality or not any of them.

1. g(x) = 7x2 Answer

1
2. 3 ≥ ( )𝑥
3
Answer

3. 32x = y Answer

Answer
4. 2(10x+3) = 300

5. 6 < 12x+2 Answer

What I Have Learned

Fill in each blank with an appropriate word/s to complete the statement/s.

__________1__________ is an expression of the form ____2____, where

(b>0, b≠1). We defined an exponential equation as an equation that involves
the expression ____3___ where b>0 and P(x) is a ___________4________.
__________5_______ is a function defined by f(x) = a.bP(x) + d
Where a, b, h ∈ ______6_______, a≠0, ____7____ and P(x) is a polynomial.
Exponential inequality An inequality of the ______8______ or bx≥c.

12

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Can Do

Classify the given items below by writing them under the correct column.

y = 5x -1 9x+1 = 3x 3≤3x +2 x5+1<3x3

1 1
1 ( )𝑥+2 = ( )𝑥
100000 = 102x f(x) = 3x +2 64x + = 0 3 9
2

1
3x<(33)x-2 8x = 4x = 1024 y =6x - 1
64

Exponential
Exponential Function Exponential Inequality
Equation

Assessment
Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer.
1. Which of the following is an exponential function?
A. 3x+2 < 81 B. 125 = 5x C. y = 7x – 1 D. 64x = 22x+2
2. In which of the following is 4 = 16 classified?
x-1

A. Exponential Equation C. Exponential Function

B. Exponential Inequality D. Exponential Model
3. Which is true about an exponential function?
A. It involves radical expressions.
B. It contains the inequality symbol.
C. It is written in the form f(x) = bx, where b>0, b≠0
D. It has a numerical exponent only.
4. Which of the following shows an exponential equation?
A. 2x+1 B. y = 2x+1 C. 2x+1>22 D. 2x+1 = 22
5. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?
A. 4x – 2 > 642x B. 4x -1 < 16x2 C. y = 3x D. f(x) = 10x

13

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 Additional Activities
Identify which of the following are exponential functions, exponential
equations, and exponential inequalities.
1. 5 < 125x

2. y = 100x

3. 7x+1 = 49

4. 4x+2 = 64

2 21
5. ( )𝑥 ≥
3 8

Lesson 3 Solving Exponential Equation.

What’s In
A. Determine whether the following is an exponential function, exponential
equation or exponential inequality.
1. 5x = 125x+1
2. 81<3x
3. f(x) = 4x-1
4. 10x+2>1000
5. y = 6x

What’s New

Supply the missing parts of the given equation then, answer the questions
that follow.

1. 23 = 8

2. 43 = 64

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3. 4 4 = 256

4. 34 = 81

5. 53 = 125

A. How do you obtain 8 in item no.1?

B. What is another way to represent 64 in exponential form?
C. How many factors of 4 are there in 256?
D. In item number 4, how will you find the value of the exponent if the base
is 3?

What is It
Here, we will learn how to solve exponential equations with the same
base.
Exponential equation is an equation involving exponential expressions, of
the form bx = c, where b > 0 and b≠ 1.
1 𝑥+3 1 𝑥
Example: a. 5x = 25 b. 2x = 8x – 4 c. ( ) =( )
100 1000

In solving exponential equations with the same base, we use the One-to-one
Property of exponential functions.

If b is a positive number other than 1, then bx = by if and only if x = y. It

only means that, if the bases are the same or equal, then the exponents
must be equal.

Example 1: Solve for 5x = 25.

Note: If you notice, the bases are not equal. We have to express 25 as 52
in order for both sides of the equation to have equal bases.

Solution:
5x = 25 Given
Since 25 can be written as 5●5, then
5x = 52 rewrite 25 as base of 5, apply the product
rule bm●bn =bm+n, so we have 52
Apply the one-to-one property of
x=2
exponent: if bx = by, then x1 = x2

15

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Checking: Substitute the value of x = 2 from the given exponential equation.
5x = 25
52 = 52
25 = 25

Example 2: Solve for 2x = 8x – 4.

Note: If you notice ,the bases are not equal but we can rewrite 8 in
exponential form with base 2.
Solution:
2x = 8(x – 4) Given
Since 8 can be written as 2●2●2, then
2x = (23)(x – 4) express 8 as 23 by applying the
product rule
2x = 23(x – 4) Since the base are equal, we can apply
the power to a power rule (bm)n = b(m)(n)
Apply the one-to-one property of
x = 3(x – 4)
exponent: if bx = by, then x1 = x2
Solve for x by applying Addition
x -3x= 3x – 12-3x
Property of Equality
x- 3x = -12 APE
-2x = -12 Combining like terms
x=6 Apply Division Property of Equality

Checking: Substitute the value of x = 6 from the given exponential equation.

2x = 8x – 4
26 = 86 – 4
26 = 82
64 = 64

1 1
Example 3: Solve for x ( )𝑥+3 = ( )𝑥 .
100 1000
Note: The bases of the given exponential equation are not equal. Then we can
1 1 1
rewrite and as same base of . We know that 100 can be expressed
100 1000 10
as 102 and 1000 as 103.

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Solution:
1 𝑥+3 1 𝑥 Given
( ) =( )
100 1000
Since both denominators are not
equal, express 100 and 1000 as a base
of 10. 100 can be written as 10●10,
1 𝑥+3 1
( ) = ( 3 )𝑥 and 1000 can be also written as
102 10
10●10●10, then express 100 as 102
and 1000 as 103 by applying the
product rule
1 2(𝑥+3) 1 Since the bases are equal ,apply the
( ) = ( )3(𝑥)
10 10 power to a power rule (bm)n = b(m)(n)
2x + 6 = 3x Apply the one-to-one property of
exponent: if bx = by, then x1 = x2
Solve for x by applying Addition
-x = -6
Property of Equality
x=6 Multiply both side by -1

Checking: Substitute the value of x = 6 from the given exponential equation.

1 𝑥+3 1 𝑥
( ) =( )
100 1000
10−2(𝑥+3) = 10−3(𝑥)
10−2(6+3) = 10−3(6)
10−18 = 10−18

What’s More

Solve for the value of x in the following exponential equations.

1. 2x = 256

2. 10x = 1000x -4

3. 7x = 49x+2

1 1
4. ( )𝑥 = ( )𝑥+2
9 27

5. 4x+2 = 16x+1

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Have Learned

Given with the following exponential equation, supply the missing parts of the
table by writing the correct solution and reason.

1. 6x = 36

6x = 36
_________________________________________
Since 36 can be written as 6●6, then
rewrite 36 as base of 6, Apply the product
_____________ rule bm●bn =bm+n, so we have 62
x=2
_________________________________________

Given
_______________
Since 64 can be written as 4●4●4, then
express 64 as 43 by applying the product
_______________ rule
4x = (43)(x – 4)
________________________________________
Apply the one-to-one property of
____________________ exponent: if bx = by, then x1 = x2

x = 3x – 12
_______________________________________

-2x = -12
_______________________________________
___________________ Multiply both side by (-1/2)

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Can Do

Complete the table below.

Exponential equation Equal Base Value of x

1
5x =
125

43x+2 = 1024

49x = 16807x+4

62x.62 – 4x

Assessment
Choose the letter that corresponds to the exact answer.
For item numbers 1and 2, refer to the given equation 125 x+2 = 25x -5
1. What is the equal base of 125 and 25?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 25 D. 125
2. What is the value of x in the given equation?
A. -16 B. -4 C. 4 D. 16
2
3. What is the equal base for the given exponential equation 9𝑥 = 27𝑥−1 ?
A. 1 B. 3 C. 6 D. 9
4. Solve for 3x = 9x -2.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6
5. Solve for 2 = 16.
5-x

A. -9 B. -1 C. 1 D. 9

Additional Activities
Solve for x.
1. 32x – 3 = 3-x 4. 3-2x.3x = 27
1
2. 84x = 8 5. 2x. = 32
32
𝑥
5
3. = 5-2x
5𝑥

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Lesson 4 Solving Exponential Inequality.

What’s In

Solve the value of x:

1. 82x = 4 4. 2x+4 = 23

2. 42x+1 = 32 5. 16x = 8

3. 9x+4 = 27

What’s New
Consider the following inequalities and answer the questions that follow.

𝑥+1
≥0 2x+1>5
𝑥−2

2x+1 16x

2 x2 – 5x + 6 < 0

1. What types of inequalities are illustrated above?

2. How do we solve those inequalities?
3. Is there any rule in solving exponential inequalities?

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What is It
Here, we will be studying the property of exponential inequalities that
will help us in solving exponential inequalities.

Property of Exponential Inequalities

If b>1, then the exponential function y = bx is increasing for all values of
x. It means that bx<by if and only if x<y.

If 0<b<1, then the exponential function y = bx is decreasing for all values

of x. It means that bx>by if and only if x<y.

Example 1: Solve the inequality 2x < 4x – 2.

Solution: If you notice, the bases are not the same. However, 2 and 4 can be
written by expressing the terms into the same base 2.
2x < 4x – 2 Given
2 <2
x 2(x-2) Express 4 as 22 for both sides of the inequality to
have the same bases.
x < 2x – 4 Since b>1, then the direction of the inequality is
retained
x+4 < 2x – 4 + 4 To solve for x, Use APE.
4 < 2x - x Combining like terms
4<x
Therefore, the solution set to the inequality is {x ∈ R/ x > 4}.
3 8
Example 2: Solve the inequality( )𝑥 ≥ .
2 27
8 23
Solution: The bases are not the same but we can rewrite into 3 .
27 3

3 8 Given
( )𝑥 ≥
2 27
3 𝑥 23 Express 8 as 23 and 27 as 33
( ) ≥ 3
2 3
23 3
3 3 Transform into {( )−1 }3 by using the negative
( )𝑥 ≥ {( )−1 }3 33 2
2 2 law of exponent to have the same bases.
3 3 Multiply -1 and 3
( )𝑥 ≥ ( )−3
2 2
Since b>1, then the direction of the inequality is
x ≥ -3
retained

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Therefore the solution set to the inequality is {x ∈ R/ x ≥ −3}.

Example 3: Solve the inequality 74 – 3x > 49-x – 1.

Solution: The bases are not the same but ,7 and 49 can be written using 7
as the base.
74 – 3x > 49-x – 1 Given
Express 49 as 72 for both sides of the inequality
74 – 3x > 72(-x – 1)
to have the same bases.
Since the inequality is already expressed in the
7 4 – 3x > 7-2(-x – 1) same base , just drop the base , retain the
exponent
4 – 3x > -2(-x – 1) Multiply 2(-x – 1)

4 – 3x > -2x – 2 Since b>1, then the direction of the inequality is

retained
-3x+2x > -2 – 4 Use APE to solve for the value of x

-x > -6 Multiply both sides by negative 1

Since we multiply both sides by negative, we have
x<6
to reverse the inequality sign

Therefore, the solution set to the inequality is {x ∈ lR/ x < 6}.

What’s More

Solve for x:
1. 10x > 100

2 9
2. ( )𝑥 ≤
3 4

3. 22-x < 64

4. 83-x ≥64-x – 1

5 49
5. ( )𝑥+1 ≤
7 25

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What I Have Learned

Fill in each blank with the correct answer.

1 1
1. The value of x in the inequality ( )𝑥 ≥ is _______________________.
5 25
1 1
2. The equal base to the inequality ( )𝑥 ≥ is _____________________.
5 25
3. If b>1, then the exponential function y = bx is ______________ for all.
4. If 0<b<1, then the exponential function y = bx is ___________ for all x.
5. If the base is greater than 1, then _____________ of the inequality is
retained.

What I Can Do

1. Give 3 examples of exponential inequalities and solve for the value of

x. Write your brief explanation of how you solved for the value of x.
2. Interpret the Covid- 19 situation of Marikina City by using exponential
inequality. (use the Marikina PIO report).

Scoring Rubrics
Beginning Developing Accomplished Exemplary
Criteria 1 2 3 4
Score

The output
The output The output
was poorly The output is
was sloppy was done
Neatness created and generally neat
and difficult very neat and
difficult to and readable
to read easy to read
read

Majority of The data are

Data
the data are inaccurately All data are
representatio
Accuracy incorrect and represented, accurately
n contains
somehow contain represented
minor errors
irrelevant major errors

Students has Student’s Student’s

Content Student lacks
limited understandin understandin
(Applicatio understandin
understandi g of the g of concept
n in real g of the
ng of the concept is is clearly
life) concept
concept evident evident

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 The output The output
The output
was was The output
Time was
submitted submitted was
Manageme submitted
late, 3-5 days late, 1-2 submitted on
nt ahead of
after the days after time
time.
deadline the deadline

Assessment

Choose the letter that corresponds to the exact answer.

1. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?

A. 2x = 4 B. 2x >8 C. y = 2x+2 + 4 D. 2x + 4
2. Solve the inequality 2x < 4x – 2.
A. x < -4 B. x > -4 C. x < 4 D. x > 4
3. What is the solution set to the inequality 2x < 4x – 2?
A. {x∈ lR/x<-4} B. {x∈ lR/x>-4} C. {x∈ lR/x<4} D. {x∈ lR/x>4}
4. Solve the inequality 4x+2 > 8.
1 1 1 1
A. x > - B. x > C. x < - D. x <
2 2 2 2
5. What is the solution set in the given inequality 3x > 9x+1?
A. {x∈ lR/x<-2} B. {x∈ lR/x>-2} C. {x∈ lR/x<2} D. {x∈ lR/x>2}

Additional Activities
Solve for x:

1. 9x > 27

4 125
2. ( )𝑥 ≤
5 64

3. 85 - x < 64

4. 93-2x ≥81-x – 1

1
5. ( )𝑥+1 ≤ 49
7

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Summative Test

1. The half- life of a radioactive substance is one hundred ninety-four days.

How many days will it take for eighty percent of the substance to decay?
A.365 days B. 356 days C. 358 days D. 362 days

2. A radioactive substance has a half-life of one week. In other words, at the

end of every week the level of radioactivity is half of its value at the beginning
of the week. The initial level of radioactivity is 20 counts per second. Find the
radioactivity left after three weeks.
A. 2.5 B. 1.5 C. 3.5 D. 4.5

3. Which of the following shows an exponential equation?

A. 5x+1 B. f(x) = 5x+1 C. 5x+1>52 D. 5x+1 = 52

4. Which among the following is an exponential function?

A. 5x+1 B. f(x) = 5x+1 C. 5x+1>52 D. 5x+1 = 52

5. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?

A. 5x+1 B. f(x) = 5x+1 C. 5x+1>52 D. 5x+1 = 52

1
6. Solve for x: e x+ 3 = .
𝑒2
A. -5 B. -1 C. 1 D. 5

7. Solve 3x+1 = 27.

1 1
A. − B. C. -2 D. 2
2 2

8. Solve the inequality 5x+2 > 25.

1 1
A. x > - B. x > C. x < 0 D. x > 0
2 2

9. What is the solution set in the given inequality 2x > 4x+1?

A. {x∈ lR/x<-2} B. {x∈ lR/x>-2} C. {x∈ lR/x<2} D. {x∈ lR/x>2}

10. Solve for x: 36x > 216x+2.

A. x<-3 B. x>3 C. x<-6 D. x>6

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 References

John T. Chan, Eden Miro, and Rommel S. Quiming. General Mathematics

by Vibal Group Inc.

Fernando B. Orines.Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry, and Statistics by

Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Lynie Dimanasuay, Jeric Alcala, and Jane Palacio. General Mathematics by

C & E Publishing, Inc.

General Mathematics Leaner’s Materials: Published by Department of

Education

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Joel C. Hagos, (FHS)

Evelyn E. Seroy, (MHS)
Editors: Olive R. Lomibao, (SEHS)
Dominador J. Villafria, (EPS-Mathematics)
Ma. Victoria Ambas, (MSHS)
Internal Reviewer: Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo (SNNHS)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: [email protected]

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE