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Modal Verbs

verbi modali

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pikiseconda
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19 views2 pages

Modal Verbs

verbi modali

Uploaded by

pikiseconda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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gunn

SUMMARY OF MODAL VERBS

AUX USES PRESENT/FUTURE PAST

CAN ABILITY I can speak English. He could speak Italian


when he was a child.
PERMISSION Can I borrow your car? You could have
borrowed my car.
You can sit here.

CAN’T/ FORBIDDEN You can’t park here.


CANNOT

COULD PAST ABILITY He could speak Italian


when he was a child.
POLITE QUESTION Could I borrow your car?
Could you take a message for
me?
MAY PERMISSION May I borrow your pen?
You may leave when you have
finished.
POSSIBILITY Where is Mary?
Mary may be in the library, but Where was Mary?
I’m not sure. She may have been in
MIGHT POSSIBILITY – the library, but I’m not
Mary might be in the library, sure.
but I don’t think so. She might have been in
the library, but I don’t
think so.
SHOULD ADVISABILITY I should study tonight. I should have studied
last night, but I didn’t.

EXPECTATION The train should be here any The should have been
minute now. here at 12:30.

OUGHT TO ADVISABILITY I ought to study tonight. I ought to have studied


last night, but I didn’t.

EXPECTATION The train ought to be here any The train ought to have
minute now. been here at 12:30.

HAD BETTER STRONG You had better hurry or your


ADVISABILITY/ train will leave without you.
WARNING
MUST NECESSITY I must study tonight. I had to study last night.

DEDUCTION John isn’t at work today, he John wasn’t at work


must be sick. yesterday, he must have
been sick.
negative deduction
MUST FORBIDDEN You must not smoke in the could not have been
NEGATIVE classroom.

HAVE TO NECESSITY You have to go to class I had to go to class


(NEED TO) yesterday.

TO BE WRITTEN IN You are to be here by 08:00.


STONE You are not to leave your post
until relieved

HAVE TO REMOVE THE You don’t have to come in You didn’t have to wear
NEGATIVE NECESSITY uniform. a tie.

HAVE GOT TO NECESSITY I have got to go to class today.

WOULD POLITE QUESTION Would you please pass the salt?


Would you mind opening the
window?
PREFERANCE I would rather go to the beach I would rather have gone
than to the mountains. to the beach.
REPEATED When I was a child I
ACTION would visit my
IN THE PAST grandmother every day.
When I was a child I
used to visit my
grandmother every day.

SOFT STATEMENT I would like a glass of beer. I would have liked a


glass of beer.
SHALL POLITE QUESTION Shall I open the window?
OR SUGGESTION Shall we get something to eat?
(1ST PERSON ONLY,
SINGULAR OR PLURAL)

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