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Gravimetric Analysis Lab

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20 views1 page

Gravimetric Analysis Lab

Uploaded by

witherskelley399
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Background: This technique involves preparing two solutions and mixing them to form a

precipitate. Gravity is used to separate the solid and liquid. The identity of the precipitate is
determined by writing a reaction equation. Since the amounts of the different reactants are
known, the quantity of precipitate can be calculated using the molar masses and balanced
reaction equation. This amount should correspond closely to the measured weight of precipitate.
Purpose:First, you will learn a new laboratory technique. Then you will apply past knowledge to
write a chemical reaction, predict the products, and calculate the quantity of a precipitate that
forms.
Hypothesis:If we use 0.4 g of BaCl2 and 0.5 g Na2CO3 as reactants, how much BaCO3 will
form? 0.9 g Will we be able to recover all the solid precipitate that theoretically was to form? Yes
Materials: Chemicals include powdered samples of BaCl2 and Na2CO3. Lab equipment
consists of 150 ml and 250 ml beakers, graduated cylinder, filter paper, digital scale, funnel, ring
stand (equipped to hold a funnel), hot plate, and wash bottle containing water.
Type of Reaction: We will be reacting solutions of (water +) BaCl2 and (water +) Na2CO3.
Therefore, you need to write a balanced reaction equation between BaCl2 and Na2CO3 to
determine the precipitate that forms. What chemical specie will remain in the solution based on
your balanced equation?
We will be reacting solutions of (water +) BaCl2 and (water +) Na2CO3. Therefore, you need to
write a balanced reaction equation between BaCl2 and Na2CO3 to determine the precipitate
that forms. What chemical specie will remain in the solution based on your balanced equation?
Variables: Control: mils of liquid in beaker
Independent: Solid OR Liquid
Dependent: substance mass
Procedure: Weigh 0.4 g of BaCl2 and mix with 15 ml of water in a beaker. Weigh 0.5 g
Na2CO3 and mix with 15 ml of water. Now combine the two solutions. While waiting for the
precipitate to settle, calculate the number of moles for both and then calculate the molarity of
each solution.
Weigh a piece of filter paper and place it into a funnel. Wet the filter paper so that it adheres to
the funnel and prevents any sample loss.
Decanting: Patience is a must. Do not add too much solution to the funnel and cause it to
overflow. (Bad lab practices resulting in loss of sample are unacceptable.) After decanting most
of the liquid, swirl gently to get the precipitate suspended in the remaining liquid.
Remove filter paper & dry: Carefully, remove the filter paper and put it onto a hot plate to dry.
If clumps of material form, break these up so that moisture is not trapped inside because
moisture will add weight, skewing the experimental results.
Weigh and re-weigh sample: After weighing the sample, let it cool for 5-10 minutes and then
reweigh. Use this number and subtract the weight of the filter paper to determine the weight of
precipitate.
Discussion: What evidence indicates that a chemical reaction occurred. How much BaCO3
actually formed during the reaction and what was your percent error? If there is a significant
error, propose a possible cause. What was the hardest part of this experiment?
Conclusion: What are the most-important results of this experiment for a reader to know. Did
the results agree or disagree with the theoretical amount of product that should have formed. As
many generations of chemists have used gravimetric analyses, does the technique still yield
valid/accurate results? Could you potentially improve the lab, while using the same equipment
and chemicals?

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