Lesson 1:

Introduction to Computer Hardware and Assembly/Disassembly

Objectives:
● Identify the major components of a computer system.
● Understand the functions of each component.
● Learn the proper procedures for assembling and disassembling a computer.

Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this discussion, participants will be able to:
● Identify and explain the purpose of various computer components, including the CPU,
motherboard, RAM, storage drives, and power supply.
● Assemble and disassemble a computer system in a step-by-step manner.
● Troubleshoot common issues that may arise during the assembly and disassembly
process.

Panel/Expert Approach

The panel/expert approach involves gathering a group of knowledgeable individuals

(experts) to discuss and share their expertise on a specific topic and students can write and ask
questions in a Q & A session. In the context of computer assembly and disassembly, this
approach can be used in the following ways:

● Participants will have the opportunity to practice assembling and disassembling

computers under the guidance of instructors.
● Experts can discuss effective techniques, tips, and tricks for assembling and
disassembling computers.
● They can identify and provide solutions for common problems or challenges that may
arise during the process.
● Experts can offer detailed explanations and demonstrations of specific procedures,
ensuring that participants have a thorough understanding.
● They can address any questions or concerns participants may have, providing valuable
guidance and support.

Selection of Experts: A panel of experts or knowledgeable individuals is selected based on their

expertise in the topic being discussed. These could be teachers, professionals from industry, or
subject matter specialists.

Presentation: Each expert shares their knowledge, experience, or point of view on the topic.
This could involve brief presentations, discussions, or demonstrations.
Interaction: After the initial presentations, the panelists may engage in a discussion or debate,
often moderated by a teacher or facilitator. The audience (students) ask questions and interact
with the panelists.

Analysis and Synthesis: The teacher or facilitator helps synthesize the information presented,
highlighting key points, summarizing different perspectives, and guiding students to understand
the practical applications or implications.

This approach allows students to see a more comprehensive view of a topic, recognize diverse
opinions, and develop critical thinking skills as they analyze and synthesize information from
multiple sources. It is particularly effective for complex or interdisciplinary subjects.

What is Computer Hardware?

refers to the physical components of a computer system. These components work
together to perform various tasks.

Main Components:

● Central Processing Unit (CPU) - the brain of the computer, responsible for executing
instructions.

● Motherboard - the main circuit board that connects all the components of the computer.

● Random Access Memory (RAM) - temporary storage for data and instructions.

● Storage Devices - Hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and optical
drives for storing data.

● Input Devices - allow users to enter data or commands into a computer system like
keyboard, mouse, scanner, webcam, etc.

● Output Devices - display or deliver the processed information from a computer system
to the user like monitor, printer, speakers, etc.

● Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Provides power to the computer components.

Assembly and Disassembly

Safety First:
Always ground yourself to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) that can damage
components.
Work in a clean and well-lit area.
Use appropriate tools and follow manufacturer's instructions.

Step by Step for Disassembly:

1. Turn off the computer and disconnect it from the power supply.
2. Remove the screws or latches on the side panel to open the computer case.
3. Disconnect all the cables connected to the components, such as power cables, data
cables, and any other connectors.
4. Remove the screws securing the components to the case. Start with the expansion
cards, such as the graphics card, sound card, or network card, if present. Unscrew them
and gently pull them out of their slots.
5. Remove the RAM modules by pressing down on the retention clips on either side of the
module. The module will pop up at an angle, allowing you to remove it from the slot.
6. Disconnect and remove the storage devices, such as hard drives or SSDs. Unscrew
them from the case if necessary and unplug the data and power cables.
7. Uninstall the CPU cooler by unscrewing it from the motherboard and gently lifting it
away from the CPU.
8. Lift the CPU retention lever and carefully lift the CPU out of the socket.
9. Unscrew and remove the motherboard from the case, taking care not to damage any
connectors or components.
10. Remove the power supply unit by unscrewing it from the case and disconnecting any
remaining cables.

Step by Step for Assembly:

1. Place the computer case on a flat, static free surface and open the case by removing the
screws or latches on the side panel.
2. Install the power supply unit in the designated area at the top or bottom of the case.
Secure it with screws.
3. Install the motherboard into the case by aligning the screw holes on the motherboard
with those on the case. Place the motherboard on the standoffs inside the case to
prevent it from touching the metal directly. Secure the motherboard with screws.
4. Install the CPU (Central Processing Unit) into the motherboard's CPU socket. Lift the
CPU retention lever, align the notches on the CPU with those on the socket, and gently
lower theCPU into place. Close the retention lever to secure the CPU.
 5. Install the CPU cooler on top of the CPU. Apply thermal paste on the CPU (if necessary)
and attach the cooler according to the manufacturer's instructions.
6. Install the RAM modules into the appropriate memory slots on the motherboard. Align
the notch on the RAM module with the slot and press it firmly until it clicks into place
7. If you have a dedicated graphics card, install it in the appropriate PCIe slot on the
motherboard. Align the card's connectors with the slot and firmly push it down until it is
fully seated. Secure the card with screws if required.
8. Connect the storage devices (hard drive or SSD) to the motherboard using the
appropriate data cables (SATA cables). Attach one end of the cable to the storage
device and the other end to the motherboard.
9. Connect the power cables from the power supply unit to the motherboard and other
components. The motherboard requires two connections: the main power connector
(usually a 24-pin connector) and the CPU power connector (usually a 4 or 8-pin
connector). Connect the appropriate power cables to the graphics card and other
components as well.
10. Double-check all connections and ensure that everything is properly seated and
secured.
11. Close the computer case by putting the side panel back in place and securing it with
screws or latches.
12. Test the computer to power on. Plug the power.

Note: The specific procedures may vary depending on the computer model and components.
Always refer to the manufacturer's manuals for detailed instructions.

Additional Resources:
● https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ALkMN4ZSnl8&list=PLymjw6LZq7oxPprM5gIZM
MiE4XmiCmsTF&index=2&pp=iAQB
● Computer-Systems-Servicing-NC-II-CG.pdf (deped.gov.ph)

Practice Exercise:
a. Label a diagram of a computer system with the major components.
b. Make your own infographic of how to assemble and disassemble a computer (e.g.,
CPU, motherboard, RAM, storage, power supply). Write a brief description (2-3
sentences) for each component.
c. Practice assembling and disassembling a computer with a simulated online tool or a
physical computer under supervision.

References:
● https://github.com/emrgnt-cmplxty/library_of_phi
● https://mgibes.co.uk/student-centered-learning-strategies/