Scanned with CamScanner

Scanned with CamScanner

Scanned with CamScanner
L-Uf-2/BME .. - ..... .. Date: 16/0112021
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERlNG AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-2ff-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2018-2019
Sub: MATH 215 (Linear Algebra)
Full Marks: 180 Time: 2 Hours
. USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Symbols used have their usual meaning.

SECTION-A

There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Solve the following system of linear equations (if possible) by reducing augmented (20)
matrix into its reduced row echelon form:
-x+2y-4z+ w= I
3x- 3w=-3
(b) Prove that every square matrix can be expressed in one and only one way as the (10)
sum of a symmetric matrix and a skew symmetric matrix.

2. (a) 1 2 (15)

For the matrix A = 2 -1 1

~] , find A- by using elementary row operations.
[ 1 .
3 1

(15)
(b)
1 1 0]
Express the matrix A = 1 lIas a product of elementary matrices.
[o I 1
3. (a) 1 (15)
. [ I
Find an LV factorization of A = 4
-2
6
2 :]
(b) Use Cayley-Hamilton theorem to find A- ,
1 (15)

-1
A~[:
who., 2
0 :J
 (15)
(b) Let S = { VI is a basis for P2 (x) where
, V2 , V) }
VI =1 + 2x + x2, V2 =2 + 9x, V) =3 + 3x + 4x2 .
Find coordinate vector of\' = 1 + x + x V\~threspect to S.
2

7. Let the linear transfonnation defined by

T(x,y,z) = (x-y-3z, 5x+6y-4z, 7x +4y+2z). (30)
Find (i) a basis and the dimension of Range (T). (ii) a basis and the dimension of
of Kernel (T). Then verify the dimension theorem.
8. Consider the vector space R3 with the Euclidean inner product. Apply Gram-
Schmidt process to transfonn the basis vectors, u I = (I, I, I), U2 = (0, I, I), and
(30)
u) = (0, 0, I) into a orthogonal basis { VI , V2, v)} taking VI = Uj ; then nonnalize
the orthogonal basis vectors to obtain the orthonormal basis { q j , q2 , q) }. Also
. find the QR-decomposition of the matrix A = [uti u21 u)] .
L-2/T-2/BME Date: 07/04/2019

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA

L-2/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2017-2018

Sub: MATH 215 (Linear Algebra)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A

There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Solve the following system of linear equations by reducing the augmented matrix into its
reduced row-echelon form: (17)
2u+v-2w-2x=-2
-u+2v-4w+x = 1
3u -3x =-3
\

(b) State Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Find A,I using this theorem, where (18)
122
A= 3 1 0
1 1 1

2. (a) What do you mean by an elementary matrix? Express the matrix A as a product of
elementary matrices, where (15)
1 1 1
A= 0 2 3
551

(b) Define symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices. Show that the inverse of a non-singular
matrix is unique. (10)
(c) Define derogatory matrix. Find the minimal polynomial of the matrix (10)

1 -1 1]
A= 1 2 1
[
1 0 3

3. (a) Define a real quadratic form. Reduce the real quadratic form

Q = X( + 2x~ - 2xi + 4XIX2 + 6XIX3

to the canonical form and hence find the rank, index and signature of Q. Also, write down the
corresponding equations of transformations. (20)

Contd P/2
 ,.

=2=

MATH 215(BME)
Contd ... Q.3

(b) Find an LU factorization of (15)

1 2 3
A= 3 4 8
215

4. (a) Find all eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of the matrix (20)

1 -3 3
A= 3 -5 3
6 -6 4
Also, if possible, construct an eigenvector matrix S that diagonalize A and hence determine the

corresponding eigen value matrix 1\.

(b) Find adjoint of the matrix (15)

1 1 °
A= 1 ° 1
° 1 1
Hence find peA) when P(x) = x + 2x-1 - 4

SECTION -B

There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Find the standard matrix for the transformation Ton 913, where T is the composition of a
7r
counterclockwise rotation of - about y-axis, followed by a reflection about yz-plane,
3
1
followed by contraction with factor-. Then find the image of the point (2, 0, 3) using the
2
standard matrix. (15)
a
b
(b) LetW= :a+b=3c,b+c=4d .IsWasubspaceof\R4? (10)
c
d

(c) If the vectors u] = (1,0,2), -u2 = (-1,1,0), u3 = (0,2,3) form a basis of 913, find the co-
-

ordinations of the vectors w = (- I, 8, I I) relative to this basis. (10)

Contd P/3
 •
"

=3=

MATH 215(BME)

2 4 -2 1 1
2 5 4 -2 2
6. (a) Find the rank and a basis of the row space of A= 4 3 1 1 2 (18)
2 -4 2 -I 1
0 1 4 2 -I

Also find the nullspace of A and verify the dimension theorem for A.
(b) Let T: 914 ~ 913 be the linear transformation defined by

r(w,x,y,z)=(2w+4x+6y+5z,-w-2x+2y, 8y+4z). Find a basis for (i) the

kernel of T and (ii) the range of T. (17)

2
7. (a) Let B = {(l, 3), (- 2, - 2} and B' = {(-12,0), (- 4,4} be two bases for 91 and let (20)

A = 0[3 2] . 2 2
4 be the matnx for T: 91 ~ 91 relative to B.
.

(i) Find the transition matrix P from B' to B.

(ii) Use the matrices A and P to find [)!]B and [T()!)]B, where [.!:']B' = [ ~I J
(iii) Find A' (the matrix for T relative to B') and inverse of P.

(iv) Find [T()!)]B'.

3
(b) Find a basis for the orthogonal complement of the subspace of 91 spanned by the vectors (15)

vj = (1,-1,3), v2 = (5,-4,-4), v3 = (7,-6,2).

8. (a) Use Gram-Schmidt process to transform the basis B = {(4, -3, 0), (I, 2, 0), (0, 0, 4)} into

3
an orthogonal basis for 91 Also find the QR-decomposition of A = [_43 ~ ~] (20)
o 0 4
(b) Describe briefly ten different fields of applications of Linear Algebra. (15)
."

L-2/T -2/BME Date: 05/03/2018

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-2/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2016-2017

Sub: MATH 215 (Linear Algebra)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Symbols used have their usual meaning.
USE SEP ARA TE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

I. <a) For the matrix A =[~: ~J verify that A(adjAHAlh. Find the inverse of A as

well. (17)
(b) Define Hermitian and Nilpotent matrices with example. Solve the system of

Xl +X2 +X3 +X4 = 4

7xI - 5x2 + 7x3 + x4 = 46
equations: (18)
3xI + 4x2 - 5x3 + 6x4 = -11
2xI -x2 -x3 +3x4 =6

2. (a) Factorize the matrix A =

11 23 2J2 into elementary matrices. (17)
[1 2 3

(b) Write the condition for positive and negative definite quadratic forms. Reduce the

quadratic form q = 4xf + 3xi - x~ + 2x2x3 - 4x3xI + 4xlx2 to the canonical form.

Hence find rank, index and signature of q. Write down the corresponding equations of

transformation.

3. (a) State and verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix A = [- ~ - ~ -~].
1 -1 3

Hence find A-I.

(b) Check whether the matrix B = [_ ~ _~ ~ ~J is derogatory or not. If possible then

express characteristic polynomial as the product of minimal polynomial and a certain

monic factor of it. (18)

Contd P/2
 =2=
MATH 215/BME

4. (a) Find the characteristic polynomial, characteristic equation, eigen values, eigen

=
5 -1 1]
vectors and eigen space for the matrix B
[ 1 -4
-1 2 - 4 .
2
(17)

(b)Diagonalise the matrix A ~ [: ~l II if possible. (18)

SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Find the standard matrix for the transformation Ton fJf, where T is the composition

of a rotation of 45° about the y-axis, followed by a reflection about the yz-plane,

followed by a dilation with factor k =.fi. Then find T(2,-1,4). (18)

(b) Consider the set P2 of all polynomials of degree 2 and the set S '= {P2' P2, P3 }

where PI = 1+ x, P2 = 1 + x2, P3 = x + x2 . Is the set S a basis for P2? If so, find the

coordinate vector of the polynomial p(x) = 2- x + x2 relative to the basis S. (17)

6. (a) Determine whether the following subsets are subspaces of fJt. If so, then find a

basis in each case and their dimensions. (18)

(i) all vectors of the form (a, b, c, d), where d = a + b and c = a - b,
(ii) all vectors of the form (a, b, c, d), where d = 2a + 7c and 3c = 2a - 5b,
(iii) all vectors of the form (a, b, c, d), where a = b = c = d.

1 4 5 6 9
3 -2 1 4 -1
(b) Given A = . Find bases for the row space and null space
-1 0 -1 -2 -1
2 3 5 7 8

ofA. (17)
Hence verify the dimension theorem for A.

7. (a) Find a subset of the vectors

uj =(1,-1,5,2), u2 =(-2,3,1,0), u3 =(4,-5,9,4), u4 = (0,4,2,-3), Us =(-7,18,2,-8)

that forms a basis for the space spanned by these vectors; then express each vector that
is not in the basis as a linear combination of the basis vectors.

Contd P/3
 =3=
MATH 215/BME
Contd ... Q. NO.7

(b) Let W be the subspace of fJt spanned by the vectors VI = (1,4,5,2), v2 = (2,1,3,0)
- -

and v3 = (-1,3,2,2). Find a basis for the orthogonal complement of W. (10)

(c) Consider the basis S = ~,~, w} for gr, where ~ = (1,1,1),~ = (1,1,0), w = (1,0,0) and

let T: gr ~ fJf be the linear operator such that T~)=(2,-1,4),T(v)=(3,0,1) and

T~) = (-1,5,1). Find a formula for T(x,y,z) and use it to find T(2,-3,5). (10)

8. (a) Consider the vector space flf. Apply Gram-Schmidt process to transform the basis

vectors u} = (0,1,2), u2 = (-1,0,1) and u3 = (-1,1,3) into an orthogonal basis

h, V2, v3}; then normalize the orthogonal basis vectors to obtain the orthonormal basis

lli, Q2' Q3 J. Finally, write the QR-decomposition of A = [~ ~1 ~ 1]. (17)

. 2 1 3

(b) Let T: P2 ~ P3 be the linear transformation defined by T(P(x)) = xp(x - 3); that

IS, (18)

T(a+bx+cx2)= x(a+b(x-3)+c(x-3)2)
Find the matrix for T with respect to the standard bases E = {I,x, x2} and

E' = ~,x, x2 ,x3 }. Finally, for any ! E P2, verify the relation Af.!]E = [T~)]E" where A
is the matrix for T with respect to the bases E and E' .