WORK POWER ENERGY

1. If g is acceleration due to gravity on earth's surface, the gain in potential energy of an object of mass m raised from surface of earth to a
height equal to radius R of the earth is:
(a) (1/2) mgR (b) 2 mgR
(c) mgR (d) (1/4) mgR

2. In which case does the potential energy decrease?

(a) On compressing the spring.
(b) On stretching a spring.
(c) On moving a body against gravitational pull.
(d) On the rising of an air bubble in water.

3. The K.E. of a body becomes 4 times its initial value. The new linear momentum will be
(a) same as initial value.
(b) four times the initial value.
(c) twice the initial value.
(d) eight times the initial value.

4. A stationary particle explodes into two particles of masses m 1 and m2, which move in opposite directions with velocities v1 and v2 The ratio
of their kinetic energies (E1/E2) is
(a) m2/m1 (b) m1 / m2 (c) 1 (d) m1v2 / m2v1

5. If the external forces acting on a system have zero re- sultant, the centre of mass
(a) may move. (b) may accelerate.
(c) must not move. (d) must not accelerate.

6. Fast neutrons can easily be slowed down by

(a) the use of lead shield.
(b) passing them through water.
(c) elastic collision with heavy nuclei.
(d) applying a strong electric field.

7. Which of the following is not conserved in inelastic collision?

(a) Momentum.
(b) Kinetic energy.
(c) Both momentum and kinetic energy.
(d) Neither momentum nor kinetic energy.

8. A ball of mass m moving with a velocity v collides with an identical ball at rest. After collision, the first ball comes to rest. The speed of the
other ball is
(a) v/2 (b) 2v (c) v (d) zero

9. A particle is projected at an angle of 60° to the horizontal with a kinetic energy E. The kinetic energy at the highest point is
(a) E (b) E/2 (c) E/4 (d) E/8

10. Area under the force-displacement curve is the measure of

(a) momentum (b) work done
(c) impulse (d) heat energy

11. A body of mass 0.5 kg travels in a straight line with velocity v = ax 3/2 where a = 5 m–1/2s–1 . The work done by the net force during its
displacement from x = 0 to x = 2 m is
(a) 1.5 J (b) 50 J (c) 10 J (d) 100 J

12. A person trying to lose weight (dieter) lifts a 10 kg mass one thousand times to, a height of 0.5 m each time. Assume that the potential
energy lost each time she lowers the mass is dissipated.
(a) How much work does she do against the gravitational force?
(b) Fat supplies 3.8 × 107 J of energy per kilogram which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate. How much fat will the
dieter use up?

13. A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump up water to fill a tank of volume 30m 3 in 15 min. If the tank is 40 m above the ground,
and the efficiency of the pump is 30%, how much electric power is consumed by the pump?
14. A body of mass 2 kg initially at rest moves under the action of an applied horizontal force of 7 N on a table with coefficient of kinetic friction
= 0.1. Compute the
(a) work done by the applied force in 10 s,
(b) work done by friction in 10 s,
(c) work done by the net force on the body in 10 s,
(d) change in kinetic energy of the body in 10 s, and interpret your results.
15. A block of mass 1 kg is pushed up a surface inclined to horizontal at an angle of 30° by a force of 10 V parallel to the inclined surfae. The
coefficient of friction between block and the incline is 0.1 the block is pushed up by 10 m along the incline (g = 10 m/s²)
(i) The work done against gravity is
(a) 25 J (b) 50 J (c) 75 J (d) 100 J
(ii) The work done against friction is
(a) 2.15 J (b) 4.33 J (c) 8.66 J (d) 17.2 J
(iii) The acceleration of the block will be
(a) 2.1 m/s² (b) 3.2 m/s² (c) 4.8 m/s² (d) 4.13 m/s²
(iv) The increase in potential energy will be
(a) 10 J (b) 20 J (c) 40 J (d) 50 J

Or

(iv) The increase in kinetic energy will b

(a) 21 J (b) 32 J (c) 41.3 J (d) 82.6 J

For the following questions, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false and R is also false.

16. Assertion: Wire through which current flows gets heated.

Reason: When current is drawn from a cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.

17. Assertion: The instantaneous power of an object is measured as the dot product of instantaneous velocity and the force acting on it at that
instant.
Reason: The unit of instantaneous power is ohm.

18. Assertion: According to law of conservation of mechanical energy change in potential energy is not equal and opposite to the change in
kinetic energy.
Reason: Mechanical energy is not a conserved quantity.

19. Assertion: The kinetic energy of a body is quadrupled when its velocity is doubled.
Reason: Kinetic energy is inversely proportional to square of velocity.

20. Assertion: The coefficient of restitution is the negative ratio of relative velocities of bodies before and after collision.
Reason: Coefficient of restitution is a measure of the degree of elasticity of a collision.

21. Assertion: The kinetic energies of two bodies does not remain conserved in an elastic collision.
Reason: Inelastic collision occurs under the influence of conservative forces.

22. Assertion: When a body is whirled around a vertical circle tied to a string, then the difference between tension at the highest and the lowest
point is 6mg.
Reason: Motion in a vertical circle is an example of non-uniform circular motion.

23. A moving car encounters air resistance which is proportional to the square of the speed of the car. What is the ratio of the power required
at 40kmh–1 to that required at 80kmh–1 with the same braking force?

24. A bullet of mass 0.012 kg and horizontal speed 70 ms –1 strikes a block of wood of mass 0.4 kg and instantly comes to rest with respect to
block. The block is suspended from the ceiling by means of thin wires. Calculate the height to which the block rises.

25. A 1 kg block situated on a rough incline is connected to a spring of spring constant 100 Nm –¹ as shown below. The block is released from
rest with the spring in the unstretched position. The block moves 10 cm down the incline before coming to rest. Find the coefficient of
friction between the block and the incline. Assume that the spring has a negligible mass and the pulley is frictionless.