Project Management.
Knowledge
Areas: 10 in total.
Primary Knowledge areas –
1. Project Scope Management.
2. Project Time (Schedule)
Management.
3. Project Cost Management.
4. Project Quality Management.
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Project Management.
Secondary Knowledge areas –
1. Project Resource Management.
2. Project Communications Management.
3. Project Risk Management.
4. Project Procurement Management.
5. Project Stakeholder Management.
Project Integration Management.
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Module Structure.
Day 1
Introduction to Project Management.
Project Scope.
Project Time.
Project Cost.
Project
Quality.
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Module Structure.
Day 2
Project Resources.
Project Communications.
Project Risk.
Project Procurement.
Stakeholder Management.
Project Integration
Management.
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Introduction to Project
Management
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Ed Naughton is the Director General
It runs various courses……….
PMP qualification.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Institute of Project Management.
Project Management Body
Of Knowledge (PMBOK).
Now in it’s sixth edition.
Available online in pdf format.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Project definition:
“it is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique
Product, Service or, Result.
•Unique Product: A new component, vaccine, phone, car etc.
•Unique Service: A business function that supports production or
distribution. Telesales.
•Unique result: The production of a document outlining
expected future trends.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Project Life Cycle:
1. Initiation.
2. Planning.
3. Execution.
4. Monitoring & Controlling.
5. Closure.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
PM is not new,
it has been in use for hundreds / thousands of years.
Pyramids.
Olympic games.
Great Wall of
China. Panama
Canal.
Humans Landing on the Moon.
Coliseum in Rome.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Personal Projects:
Move House,
Change Jobs,
Obtain additional Education,
Buy a new car,
Holiday,
Take up a new sport & become proficient.
etc. etc.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Some Project Examples:
• Development of a new Pharmaceutical Product.
• Expanding a tour guide service.
• Merging two Organisations.
• Conducting research to develop a new manufacturing Process.
• Improving Product Quality / reducing defects.
• Upgrading / replacing a Computer Hardware or Software system.
• Construction of a new Building.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Temporary Endeavour:
This does not mean that the duration is necessarily short.
It has a definite beginning and end.
A project may end when;
The project objectives have been achieved.
The objectives will, or cannot be met.
Cannot proceed due to legal / regulatory / permit reasons.
The Project is temporary, but the results continue…….
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Project Initiation:
Four fundamental Categories as follows:
1. Meet regulatory, legal or social requirements.
2. Satisfy Stakeholders requests or needs.
3. Implement, or change, Business or Technological Strategies.
4. Create, improve or fix products, processes or services.
Projects drive or implement changes.
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Investment Evaluation.
1. Annual Saving
€120,000
2. Total Cost of Project
€150,000
3. Return on Investment (ROI)
15 months.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
The importance of PM.
Good PM helps, Individuals, Groups, Public & Private organisations to
– Meet Business objectives.
Satisfy Stakeholder
expectations. Increase chances
of success.
Resolve problems and issues.
Optimise the use of Organisational resources.
Manage Change in a better manner.
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Introduction to Project
Management.
Poorly managed projects, or no PM may result in -
Missed deadlines.
Cost overruns.
Poor quality.
Rework.
Uncontrolled expansion of the project.
Unsatisfied stakeholders.
Failure in achieving the objectives of the undertaking.
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Project Management
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Project Management.
Project Scope Management –
“Includes the processes required to ensure the project includes
all of the work required and,
only the work required
to complete the project successfully”.
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Project Management.
Project Time (Schedule) Management –
“Includes the processes required to manage the timely completion of
the project”.
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Project Management.
Project Cost Management –
“Includes the processes required involved in
planning, estimating,
budgeting, financing,
funding, managing
and controlling
costs so the project can be completed within the approved budget”.
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Project Management.
Project Quality Management –
“Includes the processes for incorporating the organisation’s quality
policy regarding,
planning,
managing and,
controlling
Project and product quality requirements in order to meet the
stakeholders expectations”
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Project Management.
Project Resource Management
– “Includes the processes to
Identify,
Acquire &
manage
the resources needed for the successful completion of the project”
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Project Management.
Project Communications Management –
“Includes the processes to ensure the timely & appropriate
Planning, Collection,
Creation, Distribution,
Storage, Retrieval,
management,
Control,
Monitoring & ultimate deposition of
Project information”
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Project Management.
Project Risk Management –
“Includes the processes of conducting
Risk Management Planning,
Identification,
Analysis,
Response Planning,
Response Implementation &
Monitoring Risk on a Project”
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Project Management.
Project Procurement Management –
“Includes the processes of necessary to
Purchase,
or Acquire,
Products,
Services or
Results needed from outside the Project Team”
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Project Management.
Project Stakeholder Management –
“Includes the processes required to Identify the People, Groups or
Organisations that could impact or be impacted by the project.
To analyse stakeholder expectations and their impact on the Project
and to develop appropriate management strategies for effectively
engaging stakeholders in project decisions and execution”
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Project Management.
Project Stakeholder definition:
“An individual, group or organisation, that may affect, be affected by, or
perceive itself to be affected by a decision, activity or outcome of a
project…..”
Stakeholders can run to a very large numbers
Operators.
Production supervisors & managers.
Maintenance personnel.
Logistics personnel.
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Project Management.
Project Stakeholders
Customers.
Sales personnel.
Planning Authorities.
Environmental Protection Agency.
H & S personnel within the organisation.
Local residents.
Utility / services providers.
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Project Management.
Project Integration Management –
“Includes the processes and activities to
Identify,
Define,
Combine,
Unify and
coordinate the various processes and project management activities
within the Project Management Process Groups ”
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Project Management.
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Project Management.
Project Life Cycle:
1. Initiation.
2. Planning.
3. Execution.
4. Monitoring & Controlling.
5. Closure.
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Project Management.
Project management Process Groups:
1. Initiation.
2. Planning.
3. Execution.
4. Monitoring & Controlling.
5. Closure.
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•https://youtu.be/BOU1YP5NZVA
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Project Scope
Management
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Project Scope Management.
PM Knowledge Areas: 10 in
total. Primary Knowledge areas –
1. Project Scope Management.
2. Project Time (Schedule) Management.
3. Project Cost Management.
4. Project Quality Management.
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Project Scope Management.
Project Scope Management –
“Includes the processes required to ensure the project includes
all of the work required and,
only the work required
to complete the project successfully”.
Managing the project scope is primarily concerned with
defining and controlling what is and what is not included in the project
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Project Scope Management.
Within Project Scope there are the following 6 processes –
1. Plan Scope management.
The process of creating a scope management plan that documents how
the project and product scope will be defined, validated & controlled.
2. Collect the requirements.
The process of determining, documenting and managing stakeholder
needs and requirements to meet the project objectives.
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Project Scope Management.
3. Define the scope.
The process of developing a detailed description of the project
and product. Consisting of written documents and drawings.
4. Create a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS).
The process of sub-dividing the project deliverables and project work
into smaller more manageable components.
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Project Scope Management.
5. Validate the scope.
The process of formalising the acceptance of the completed project
deliverables.
6. Control scope.
The process of monitoring the status of the project and product scope
and managing changes to a scope baseline.
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Project Scope Management.
Arguably the most important of the Knowledge areas.
Requires a considerable input.
Difficult to get stakeholders to provide details of their
requirements.
Difficult to have them sign off on what they has requested.
Stakeholders constantly seek to change their requirements.
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Project Scope Management.
Change mostly means requiring additional items –
thereby increasing the scope.
This normally has an adverse knock on effect on the
Schedule and the Cost.
The two main issues therefore
1. Getting a comprehensive scope developed & agreed.
2. Containing the extent of the scope.
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Project Scope Management.
Installation of a single Machine in a production environment may have
the following items included in it’s scope.
• The basic machine.
• Transport from a manufacturer in Europe.
• Installation of concrete base for the machine.
• Off-loading and positioning on site.
• Assembly of items that have been removed for crating &
transportation.
• Provide a power supply.
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Project Scope Management.
• Cable from power source to machine.
• Provide compressed air to the machine.
• Provide cooling water to the machine.
• Provide access platform.
• Commission the machine.
• Train operators.
• Train maintenance personnel.
• Etc., etc.
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Value Engineering.
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Value Engineering.
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Value Engineering.
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Value Engineering.
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Value Engineering.
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Value Engineering.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-TfAfip1ME
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Project Scope Management.
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Project Scope Management.
https://youtu.be/NXw0bvvYWYo
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Project Time Management.
PM Knowledge Areas:
Primary Knowledge areas –
1. Project Scope Management.
2. Project Time (Schedule) Management.
3. Project Cost Management.
4. Project Quality Management.
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Project Schedule (Time)
Management
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Project Time (Schedule)
Management.
“Includes the processes required to manage the timely completion of
the project”.
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Project Schedule Management.
Within this there are the following 6 processes –
1. Plan Schedule management.
The process of establishing the policies, procedures and documentation
for planning, developing, managing, executing and controlling the
project schedule.
2. Define the Activities.
The process of identifying and documenting the specific actions to be
performed to produce the project deliverables.
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Project Schedule Management.
3. Sequence the Activities.
The process of identifying and documenting relationships among
project activities.
4. Estimate Activity duration.
The process of estimating the number of work periods needed to
complete the project activities with the estimated resources.
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Project Schedule Management.
5. Develop the Schedule.
The process of identifying activity sequences, durations, resource
requirements and schedule constraints to create a project schedule
model for project execution & monitoring and controlling.
4. Control the schedule.
The process of monitoring the status of the project to update the
project schedule and manage changes to the schedule baseline.
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
Gantt Charts.
Henry Gantt, (1861 – 1919)
Was developed 1910 – 1915.
Extremely useful.
Colours / symbols.
Several Software Packages now available.
Super pro designer. MS Project.
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Project Schedule Management.
Could use simple Excel template.
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Project Schedule Management.
Could use simple Excel template.
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Project Schedule Management.
Scheduling Tools & Software:
Gantt Charts.
Henry Gantt, developed 1910 – 1915.
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Project Schedule Management.
Scheduling Tools & Software:
Gantt Charts.
Henry Gantt, developed 1910 – 1915.
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Project Time Management.
Variance analysis.
Applies mainly to Time & Cost, but could be applied to Scope, Quality
or Risk.
Dealing with Time here:
When variance is identified –
the cause must be determined,
decisions must be taken on how to respond to it.
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
When developing a project schedule additionally provide for the
following –
Constraints:
Unavailable working time – Holidays, Xmas, Weekends,
production requirements, customer visits etc.
Inclement weather:
Sub zero temperatures, high winds, heavy rainfall etc.
Suppliers & Contractors:
Delays or under performance etc.
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Project Schedule Management.
Internal:
Delays in getting internal approvals, sign offs etc.
Stakeholder delays.
External:
Delays in getting planning approval, Fire Certification etc.
Delays due to external stakeholders.
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Project Schedule Management.
Class Exercise
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule
Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
Forward pass………..
Forward from start date
Reverse pass…………
Work backwards from end date
It establishes the “Slack” or “ Float”
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Project Schedule Management.
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Project Schedule Management.
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U tube clip
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oDLMs11Exs
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https://youtu.be/W8H71psAVnI
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Project Cost
Management
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Project Cost Management.
PM Knowledge Areas: 10 in
total. Primary Knowledge areas –
1. Project Scope Management.
2. Project Time (Schedule) Management.
3. Project Cost Management.
4. Project Quality Management.
117
Project Cost Management.
“Includes the processes required involved in
planning, estimating,
budgeting,
financing, funding,
managing and
controlling
costs so the project can be completed within the approved budget”.
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Project Cost Management.
Within Project Cost management are the following 4 processes –
1. Plan Cost management.
The process of defining how the project costs will be estimated,
budgeted, managed, monitored and controlled.
2. Estimate costs.
The process of developing an approximation of the monetary resources
needed to complete the project.
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Project Cost Management.
3. Determine the budget.
The process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities
or work packages to establish an authorised cost baseline.
4. Control costs.
The process of monitoring the status of the project costs and manage
changes to the baseline.
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Project Cost Management.
Typical elements of a project budget:
Site Acquisition.
Civil construction.
Building services.
Production / operational plant & machinery.
Purchase cost.
Installation cost.
Mechanical Utilities.
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Project Cost Management.
Electrical Utilities.
Capital equipment.
installation.
Control Systems.
Miscellaneous items & equipment.
Statuary fees & other costs.
Design Engineering & project Management.
Escalation.
Contingency.
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Project Cost Management.
Site Acquisition. Negotiated purchase
price. Civil construction. QS or quotations.
Building services. Engineers estimate or
quotations. Production / operational plant & machinery.
Purchase cost. Budget quotations.
Installation cost. Estimate or
quotations
Mechanical Utilities.
Capital equipment. Budget quotations.
Installation. Estimate or
quotations
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Project Cost Management.
Electrical Utilities.
Capital equipment. Budget quotations.
installation. Estimate or
quotations
Control Systems. Estimate or quotations
Misc. items & equipment. Estimate.
Statuary fees & other costs. Estimated or
calculated. Eng. design & PM. % or quotations.
Escalation. Various.
Contingency. %
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Project Cost Management.
Successful Project Cost management consists of the following –
• A thoroughly prepared and unambiguous project Scope.
• An accurate project Budget.
• Good Cost control.
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Project Cost Management.
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Project Cost Management.
Variance analysis.
Applies mainly to Time & Cost, but could be applied to Scope, Quality
or Risk.
Dealing with cost here:
When variance is identified –
the cause must be determined,
decisions must be taken on how to respond to it.
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Project Cost Management.
The possible responses are:
1. Cancel the project.
Only if the project is no longer viable.
2. Ignore the variance.
If the variance is not significant.
3. Take corrective action.
This is the more usual response.
4. Revise the costs.
Seek additional funding.
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Project Cost Management.
Corrective action options:
Usually not many options available to the project manager.
1. Omit some items from the project scope.
2. Reduce the overtime.
3. Eliminate weekend working.
4. Etc.
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Project Cost Management.
“If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it”
This is an often used mantra in management of various kinds.
It is particularly true in PM.
In the case of costs, if do don’t measure them,
You cannot manage (Control) them.
It can take a lot of effort, but it is essential.
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Project Cost Management.
Earned value analysis:
This is a technique that integrates the performance measures of
scope, cost & time as a function of time.
It can be easily conceptualised in the form of a graphical plot.
It shows -
The cumulative budgeted cost.
The actual cost for the work completed up to a point in time.
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Project Cost Management.
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Earned value:
Video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U313VMm2r7Q
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Project Quality Management.
PM Knowledge Areas: 10 in
total. Primary Knowledge areas –
1. Project Scope Management.
2. Project Time (Schedule) Management.
3. Project Cost Management.
4. Project Quality Management.
135
Project Quality
Management
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Project Quality Management.
Project Quality Management –
“Includes the processes for incorporating the organisation’s quality
policy regarding,
planning,
managing
and,
controlling
Project and product quality requirements in order to meet the
stakeholders expectations”
137
Project Quality Management.
The Project Quality Management processes are -
1. Plan Quality Management: The process of identifying quality
requirements and/or standards for the project and its
deliverables. It also includes documenting how the project will
demonstrate compliance with quality requirements and/or
standards.
2. Manage quality: The process of translating the quality
management plan into executable quality activities that include the
organisation’s quality policies into the project.
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Project Quality Management.
3. Control Quality: The process of monitoring and recording the
results of executing the quality management activities to assess
performance and ensure the project outputs are
Complete,
Correct and
Meet customer expectations.
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Project Quality Management.
Plan Quality Management:
• International Standards to be adhered to.
• The Organisation’s standards to be adhered to.
• Health & Safety.
• Environmental.
• Planning permission conditions.
• Licence conditions to be adhered to.
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Project Quality Management.
Plan Quality Management:
•Customer requirements.
•Standards of workmanship.
•Use of most appropriate technology in process & equipment used.
•Appropriate levels of technology automation.
•Use of energy efficient processes.
•Future proof the design.
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Project Quality Management.
Manage Quality:
Managing all items that form part of the quality plan throughout the
project phases.
1. Initiation.
2. Planning.
3. Execution.
4. Monitoring & Controlling.
5. Closure.
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Project Quality Management.
Control Quality:
Monitoring and
Checking quality and
Recording results.
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Project Management.
For a project to be deemed to be successful the following criteria are
required to be met –
Correct scope
Be completed on time.
Be completed within budget.
Meet the required quality standards.
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Project Management.
Primary Knowledge areas –
1. Project Scope Management.
2. Project Time (Schedule) Management.
3. Project Cost Management.
4. Project Quality Management.
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