Lectures Notes in

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Lecture (2)
Submitted By
Dr. Ahmed Mohamed Abd-Elwahab
Assistant Professor of Information Systems,
Information Systems Department,
Faculty of Commerce & Business Administration,
Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
 CHAPTER (2)

Key Areas of Project Management

Project Management Knowledge Areas

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 Project Management
What is Project ?
➢ A Project is defined as “ a Sequence of activities or tasks
that must be Completed to attain a Certain Outcome ”.
➢ A Project is “ a Temporary Endeavor undertaken to
Produce a Unique Product, Service, or Result ”.
➢ A Project is “ a Unique Endeavor to Produce a set of
Deliverables within clearly specified Scope, Time, Cost
and Quality Constraints ”.
➢ A Project is “ a Problem Scheduled for Solution ”.
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 Project Management
What is Management ?
➢ Management is the Process of reaching Organizational
Goals by working with and through People and Other
Organizational Resources.

➢ Managerial Functions is the Planning, Organizing,

Leading, and Controlling of human and other resources to
achieve Organizational Goals efficiently and effectively.

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 Project Management
What is Project Management ?
➢ Project Management is the application of Knowledge,
Skills, Tools, Methods and Techniques to execute projects
efficiently and effectively to achieve Specific Goals in
order to meet or exceed Stakeholder needs and expectations.

➢ Project Management is the Skills, Tools and Management

Processes required to undertake a project successfully.

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Project Organization & Roles

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Ch 2. Project Management Knowledge Areas
OUTLINE (Part One)
❑ Introduction.
❑ The Key Areas of Project Management includes:
1. Project Integration Management.
2. Project Scope Management.
3. Project Time Management.
4. Project Cost Management.
5. Project Communications Management.
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 Introduction
▪ The Project Management Institute (PMI) defined the 10
Project Management Areas in the Project Management
Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) guide.
▪ These Areas aim to Group processes, tools, and techniques
Proven to be efficient in Project Management (PM) into
Categories or Groups known as Project Management
Knowledge Areas.
▪ The Purpose of these Knowledge Areas is to:
1. Better Organize the different Processes, and
2. Bring the Processes having Common Characteristics under One Category.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
The Key Areas of Project Management includes:
1. Project Integration Management.
2. Project Scope Management.
3. Project Time Management.
4. Project Cost Management.
5. Project Communications Management.
6. Project Quality Management.
7. Project Human Resource Management.
8. Project Risk Management.
9. Project Procurement Management.
10. Project Stakeholder Management.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
1. Project Integration Management:
➢ Project Integration Management includes the processes
and activities or (tasks) needed to Identify, Define,
Combine, Unify, and Coordinate the various processes
and activities with the Project Management Process Groups.
➢ Good Integration Management depends upon the Project
Team. Is the team Fully Staffed, do they Possess the
Necessary Skills, are they at the Right Place at the Right
Time ?
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
1. Project Integration Management:

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
1. Project Integration Management:
➢ Integration Management Not Only involves taking
decisions related to resource allocation, But also
about making trade-offs among competing
objectives and alternatives in order to solve
problems and address minor issues before they turn
into bigger problems.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
2. Project Scope Management:
➢ Scope involves getting Information required to start a
project, and the Features the product would have that
would meet its Stakeholder’s Requirements.
➢ Project Scope: “The Work that needs to be accomplished
to deliver a Product, Service, or Result with the Specified
Features and Functions”.
➢ It is Primarily Concerned with Controlling what “is” and
what “is not” in the Scope.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
2. Project Scope Management Processes:

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ The Project Scope Management Processes include:
1. Plan Scope Management Process: This Sets out how you will
Define, Manage, Validate, and Control your Project’s Scope.
2. Collect Requirements Process: Once you have Outlined your
Big-Idea, you need to Document the Requirements and
Manage your Stakeholders’ Expectations. It includes:
▪ Functional and Non-functional Requirements.
▪ Stakeholder Requirements, such as: Reporting Requirements.
▪ Support and Training Requirements.
▪ Business Requirements.
▪ Project Requirements, such as: Levels of Service or Quality.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ The Project Scope Management Processes include:
3. Define Scope Process: Here’s where you take your
Requirements and turn them into a detailed description of
the product or service that your project is going to create.
4. Create Work Breakdown Structure Process: The main work
here is Breaking down Big tasks into Smaller, manageable
chunks. If you don’t think visually, then you can achieve the
same result by creating a List.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ The Project Scope Management Processes include:
5. Validate Scope Process: The Validate Scope process is getting
business stakeholders to Sign-off your WBS. It’s about
making sure that you have a process in place for getting sign
off for your deliverables when the time comes.
6. Control Scope Process: It relates to making sure that there is
Effective Change Control if the scope needs to Change.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
3. Project Time Management:
➢ Time Management is the Process of Organizing and
Planning how to divide your Time between Specific Activities.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ Processes of Project Time Management:
1. Define Activities: It involves identifying the specific activities
that must be undertaken to produce the approved
deliverables for a project.
2. Sequence Activities: This involves identification and
documentation of relationships between different project
activities.
3. Estimate Activity Resources: This involves estimating the
quality and quantities of material, manpower, machinery, or
supplies that would be required to perform each activity.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ Processes of Project Time Management:
4. Estimate Activity Durations: This process is about estimating
the number of work periods needed to complete individual
activities with the estimated number of resources available.
5. Develop Schedule: This involves analyzing the activity
sequences, durations, resource requirements, and schedule
Constraints to create a schedule for the project.
6. Control Schedule: This is the process of monitoring the
progress of the project to update status and manage changes
to the schedule baseline.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ Time Management Benefits:
❑ Greater Productivity and Efficiency.
❑ A better Professional Reputation.
❑ Less Stress.
❑ Increased Opportunities for Advancement.
❑ Greater Opportunities to achieve important life & career Goals.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ Time Management Failure:
❑ Missed Deadlines.
❑ Inefficient Workflow.
❑ Poor Work Quality.
❑ Poor Professional Reputation and a Stalled Career.
❑ Higher Stress Levels.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ Lessons to become the Master of your own time:
1. Carry a Schedule and Record all your thoughts, conversations, and
activities for a week.
2. Schedule Appointments with yourself and Create time blocks for
high-priority thoughts, conversations, and actions. Schedule when
they will start and end.
3. Plan to Spend at least 50% of your time engaged in the thoughts,
activities, and conversations that produce most of your results.
4. Schedule time for Interruptions. Take, for instance, the concept of
having "Office Hours".
5. Take the first 30 minutes of every day to plan your day. Don't start
your day until you Complete your Time Plan.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
6. Take 5 minutes before every call and task to decide what result you
want to attain and take 5 minutes after each call and activity to
determine whether your desired result was achieved.
7. Put up a "Do Not Disturb" sign when you absolutely have to get
work done.
8. Practice Not answering the Phone just because it's ringing and
Emails just because they show up.
9. Block Out other Distractions like Facebook and other forms of social
media unless you use these tools to generate business.
10. Remember that it’s Impossible to get everything done. Also,
Remember that odds are good that 20% of your thoughts,
conversations and activities produce 80% of your results.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
4. Project Cost Management:
➢ Cost Management is the Process of Managing Project Costs
through the Processes of Planning, Estimating, Budgeting,
and Controlling Costs throughout the Project Life Cycle
with the Objectives of keeping Expenditures within the
approved budget. it's completed within Budget.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
➢ The Project Cost Management Processes are:
Step1: Resource Planning: WBS and historical information of
comparable projects can be used to define which Physical Resources are
needed.
Step2: Cost Estimating: The choice for the estimation method depends
on the level of information available.
Step3: Cost Budgeting: The cost estimate forms together with a project
schedule the input for cost budgeting.
Step4: Cost Control: Cost control is concerned with measuring
variances from the cost baseline and taking effective corrective action to
achieve minimum costs. 27
Project Management Knowledge Areas
5. Project Communications Management:
➢ Project Communications Management is the Systematic
Planning, Implementing, Monitoring, and Revision of all
the Channels of Communication within an Organization,
and between Organizations.

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Project Management Knowledge Areas
5. Project Communications Management:
➢ Project Communications Management Processes:
1. Identify Stakeholders.
2. Plan Communications.
3. Distribute Information.
4. Manage Stakeholder Expectations.
5. Report Performance.
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Project Management Knowledge Areas
5. Project Communications Management:
➢ Aspects of Communications Management include:
❑ Developing Corporate Communication Strategies,
❑ Designing Internal and External Communications Directives,
❑ Managing the Flow of Information, including Online
Communication.

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Ch 2. Project Management Knowledge Areas
OUTLINE (Part One)
❑ Introduction.
❑ The Key Areas of Project Management includes:
1. Project Integration Management.
2. Project Scope Management.
3. Project Time Management.
4. Project Cost Management.
5. Project Communications Management.
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Thanks!

Ahmed Mohamed Abd-Elwahab

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