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Introduction Application

Introduction-Application

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Ahmed Shabana
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15 views15 pages

Introduction Application

Introduction-Application

Uploaded by

Ahmed Shabana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Applications of Computer

in Power System

Ass.Prof . Doaa Mokhtar


Aims of Course:

• Enhance the oriented engineering thinking and support the


decision making
• Obtain the basic science that is related to Electrical Power.
• Support the learning of steady state and dynamics of electric
power
• Discuss the normal and abnormal conditions of electric
components
• Enhance the creative thinking to regulate and control the
performance of networks
• Encourage the general communication skills and the teamwork
and self learning
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

➢ Design suitable computer programs logically and use


computer packages for high accurate simulation of electric
power and machines simulations
➢ Recall the steps of oriented engineering thinking for decision
making, problem solving and data collection and analysis
regarding moral and humanity requirements
➢ Name the benefits and applications of modern electronics and
communications technology
➢ Predict and explain reasons of problems and abnormal
operation of components, and systems.
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

• Compare between Modern forms of energy and methods of


converting each form to other
• Be qualified for self and continuous learning
• Practice related activities and skills in labs
• Solve different application problems related to electricity
generation and energy conversion in mechanical power
stations using different analytical and numerical techniques
.
.
.
Assessments (125 marks)

Assignments #
Lab. Reports #
Final Oral Exam ^
Mid-Term Examination #
Final Lab. Exam. ^
Final-term Examination 60 %
Introduction
COMPUTERS in POWER SYSTEMS

The appearance of large digital computers in the 1960s concrete the way for
unprecedented developments in power system analysis and with them the availability of a
more reliable and economic supply of electrical energy with tighter control of the
system frequency and voltage levels.

In the early years of this development the mismatch between the size of the problems to
be analyzed and the limited capability of the computer technology encouraged research
into algorithmic efficiency. Such efforts have proved invaluable to the development of
real time power system control at a time when the utilities are finding it increasingly
difficult to maintain high levels of reliability at competitive cost.

Fortunately, the cost of processing information and computer memory is decreasing


rapidly.
Introduction

COMPUTERS in POWER SYSTEMS

The emphasis in modern power systems has turned from resource creation to resource
management. The two primary functions of an energy management system are:

• security and

• economy of operation and these tasks are achieved in main control centers.

In the present state of the art the results derived by the center computers are normally
presented to the operator who can then accept, modify or ignore the advice received.
However, in the longer term the operating commands should be dispatched
automatically without human intervention, thus making the task of the computer far
more responsible.
Introduction

COMPUTER TASKS
The basic power system functions involve many computer studies requiring processing
power capabilities in millions of instructions per second (MIPS). The most
demanding in this respect are the network solutions, the most important issue of
electrical power system analysis.

⚫The main computer tasks involved in the management of electrical energy systems are
as follows.

⚫ Automatic generation control (AGC).

⚫ Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA).

⚫ Generation scheduling.

⚫ Network analysis.
Computer Tasks

Automatic Generation Control AGC:

During normal operation the following four tasks can be identified with the purpose of AGC:

• Matching of system generation and system load.


• Reducing the system frequency deviations to zero.
• Distributing the total system generation among the various control areas to comply with the
scheduled tie flows.
• Distributing the individual area generation among its generating sources to minimize operating
costs.
The first task is met by governor speed control. The other tasks require supplementary controls
coming from the other control centers. The second and third tasks are associated with the
regulation function, or load-frequency control and the last one with the economic dispatch
function of AGC.

The above requirements are met with modest computer processing power (of the order of 0.1
MIPS).
Computer Tasks

• Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition


In this task the operator relies on SCADA for the following tasks:

✓ Data acquisition

✓ Information display

✓ Supervisory control

✓ Alarm processing

✓ Information storage and reports

✓ Sequence of events acquisition

✓ Data calculations

✓ Remote terminal unit processing

⚫Typical computer processing requirements of SCADA systems are 1-2 MIPS


Computer Tasks

⚫ NETWORK ANALYSIS

This is the more demanding task, it develops basic information for all the others and
needs to be continuously updated. Typical computer requirements will be of 5 MIPS.
The primary subject of power system analysis is the load-flow or power-flow problem
which forms the basis for power system aids such as state estimation, unit commitment,
security assessment and optimal system operation. It is also needed to determine the
state of the network prior to other basic studies like fault analysis and stability.

The methodology of load-flow calculations has been well established for many years,
and the primary advances are in size and modelling detail. Simulation of networks with
more than 4000 buses and 8000 branches is now common in power system analysis.
Computer Tasks
⚫ Security Assessment

The overall aim of the economy-security process is to operate the system at lowest cost
with a guarantee of continued prespecified energy supply during emergency
conditions. An emergency results from the violation of the operating limits and the most
severe violations result from contingencies.

The security functions include security assessment and control. These are carried out
either in the 'real time' or 'study' modes.

The real time mode derives information from state estimates and then detection of any
violations. Thus computing speed and reliability are of primary importance.

The study mode represents a forecast operating condition. It is derived from stored
information and its main purpose is to ensure future security and optimality of power
system operation.
Computer Tasks
⚫ TRANSMISSION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

The basic algorithms developed by power system analysts are built around conventional power
transmission plant with linear characteristics. However, the advances made in power electronic
control, the longer transmission distances and the justification for more interconnections have
resulted in more sophisticated means of active and reactive power control and the use of HVDC
transmission.

For the large power ratings of the HVDC schemes, the behaviour of the interconnected systems
and representation should be considered in power system analysis.

Equivalent models used to simulate the convertor behavior should involve traditional power-
system concepts, for easy incorporation within existing programs. The integration of HVDC
transmission with conventional load-flow and stability models has been given sufficient coverage
in recent years and is now well understood.
Computer Analysis
Implementation Methods

➢ Programming languages (command line)

➢ graphical user interface programs (GUI)


• Matlab
⚫ .
⚫ .
⚫ .
• EMTDC/PSCAD
Thanks

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