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Assignment 1

Uploaded by

anshguptaofficial0718
Copyright
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Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow

(Computer Science & Engineering )


Semester : IIIrd Sub :Discrete Mathematics Assignment Number - 1

Q1 List the ordered pairs in the relation R from A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} to B = {0, 1, 2, 3},
where (a, b) ∈ R if and only if

a) a=b
b) a+b=4
c) a>b
d) a∣b
e) gcd (a, b) = 1
f) lcm (a, b) = 2
Hint gcd(0,n) = n, gcd(1,n) = 1, lcm(0,n) =not defined lcm(1,n) = n

Q2.

Q-3 Let R be the relation {(1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1)}, and let S be the relation
{(2, 1), (3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 2)}. Find R ◦ S , S ◦ R.

Q 4.

Q5
Q 6 List the 16 different relations on the set {0, 1}

Q 7. Which of the 16 relations on { 0,1 } are

Hint

Q 8. For each of these relations on the set {1, 2, 3, 4}, decide whether it
is reflexive, whether it is symmetric, whether it is antisymmetric, and
whether it is transitive, whether it is irreflexive and whether it is
asymmetric
a) {(2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4)}
b) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4)}
c) {(2, 4), (4, 2)}
d) {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)}
e) {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4)}
f) {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1), (3, 4)}

Q 9. Find the smallest relation containing the relation {(1, 2), (1, 4),
(3, 3), (4, 1)} that is
a) reflexive and transitive.
b) symmetric and transitive.
c) reflexive, symmetric, and transitive

Q 10. find the transitive closures of these relations on {a, b, c, d, e}.


R1= {(a, c), (b, d),(c, a), (d, b),(e, d)}
R2={(b, c),(b, e),(c, e), (d, a),(e, b), (e, c)}
R3={(a, b), (a, c), (a, e), (b, a),(b, c),(c, a),(c, b),(d, a), (e, d)}
R4={(a, e), (b, a),(b, d),(c, d),(d, a),(d, c),(e, a),(e, b), (e, c), (e, e)}

Q 11.

Q 12. Determine whether each of these functions is a bijection from R to R.


a) f(x) = 2x + 1
b) f(x) = x2 + 1
c) f(x) = x3
d) f(x) = (x2 + 1)∕(x2 + 2)

Q 13. Functions f , g : R → R are defined, respectively, by f (x) = x2 + 3x + 1,


g (x) = 2x – 3,
find (i) f ◦ g (ii) g ◦ f (iii) f ◦ f (iv) g ◦ g

Q 14 Let g be the function from the set {a, b, c) to itself such that g(a) = b, g(b) = c, and
g(c) = a. Let f be the function from the set {a, b, c} to the set {1, 2, 3} such that f(a) =
3, f(b) = 2, and f(c) = 1. What is the composition of f and g, and what is the
composition of g and f?

Q 15 Find the inverse function of f(x) = x3 +1

Q 16. Prove by mathematical Induction


12 + 32 + 52 + ... + (2n - 1)2 = n(2n-1)(2n+1)/3 is true for all positive
integers n

Q-17 Prove by mathematical induction for all positive integers that


3.52n+1 + 23n+1 is divisible by 17.
Q-18 Justify that for any sets A, B, and C:
i) (A – (A ∩ B)) = A – B
ii) (A – (B ∩ C)) = (A – B) U (A – C)

Q-19 In a group of 850 person, 600 can speaks Hindi and 340 can speak Tamil.
Find :
i. How many can speak both Hindi and Tamil?
ii. How many can speak Hindi only?
iii. How many can speak Tamil only?

Q-20 Let f and g be functions from R to R defined by f(x)=ax+b ,g(x)= 1-x+ x2 .


If (gof) =9x2+9x+3, determine a,b.

Q-21 Find the power set of each of these sets, where a and b are distinct
elements.
a) {a} b) {a, b} c) {∅, {∅}}

Q-22 How many elements does each of these sets have where a and b
are distinct elements?
a) P( {a, b, {a, b} } )
b) P( { ∅, a, {a}, {{a}} } )
c) P( P(∅) )

Q-23 Let A = {a, b, c}, B = {x, y}, and C = {0, 1}. Find
a) C × A × B. b) B × B × B.

Q-24 Find total number of elements in the power set of


{{1,2},{2,1,1},{2,1,1,2}}

Q_25 Prove by mathematical Induction


1 + 4 + 7 + ... + (3n - 2)= n(3n-1)/2 is true for all positive integers n

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