EE305 EM-I Lab Manual Aug 2024
EE305 EM-I Lab Manual Aug 2024
EE305 EM-I Lab Manual Aug 2024
Laboratory – I
Ramulu Ch
Department of Electrical Engineering
NIT Warangal
INDIA
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, WARANGAL
(An Institution of National Importance)
MANUAL FOR
EE305 – ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY – I
III B.Tech.
in
First Semester
Prepared by
Dr. Ch. Ramulu
Faculty In-charge of Electrical Machines Lab
CONTENTS
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS…………………………………………………………………………………………. ii
ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY SAFETY RULES…………………………………………. iii
LAB INSTRUCTIONS……………………………………………………………………………………………..
GENERAL ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS…………………………………………………………………………. v
APPENDIX I
DC motor starters………………………………………………………………………………………………. I
Types of Resistors………………………………………………………………………………………………. II
Types of Capacitors……………………………………………………………………………………………. III
Types of Inductors………………………………………………………………………………………………. IV
Classification of DC machines……………………………………………………………………………. V
Classification of transformers……………………………………………………………………………. V
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, WARANGAL
(An Institution of National Importance)
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
3 Speed control of DC motors using armature control and field control method Expt-2
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/CHR ii
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, WARANGAL
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
SAFETY RULES
The following general rules and precautions are to be observed at all times in
the laboratory. These rules are for the benefit of the experimenter as well as
those around him/her. Additional rules and precautions may apply to a
particular laboratory.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/CHR iii
14) When making measurements, form the habit of using only one hand at a
time. No part of a live circuit should be touched by the bare hand.
15) Keep the body, or any part of it, out of the circuit. Where interconnecting
wires and cables are involved, they should be arranged so people will not
trip over them.
16) Be as neat a possible. Keep the work area and workbench clear of items
not used in the experiment.
17) Always check to see that the power switch is OFF before plugging into the
outlet. Also, turn instrument or equipment OFF before unplugging from
the outlet.
18) When unplugging a power cord, pull on the plug, not on the cable.
19) When disassembling a circuit, first remove the source of power.
20) No ungrounded electrical or electronic apparatus is to be used in the
laboratory unless it is double insulated or battery operated.
21) Keep fluids, chemicals, and beat away from instruments and circuits.
22) Report any damages to equipment, hazards, and potential hazards to the
laboratory instructor.
23) If in doubt about electrical safety, see the laboratory instructor.
Regarding specific equipment, consult the instruction manual provided by
the manufacturer of the equipment. Information regarding safe use and
possible- hazards should be studied carefully.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS iv
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, WARANGAL
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTIONS
A. DRESS CODE:
1. Students should not wear loose and flowing robes while conducting
experiments in the electrical machines laboratory. They should also avoid
bathroom slippers and wear appropriate footwear.
2. A student must be well prepared for the experiment he/she is going to conduct
in the laboratory. He/she should carry an observation notebook, which is
exclusively meant for the laboratory. The following items must be clearly
written/drawn/ indicated pertaining to the experiment that is being conducted:
3. It is mandatory for students to carry calculators and graph sheets along with
the observation notebook.
4. Students must also bring the folder pertaining to the previous experiment,
failing which their entry into the laboratory is summarily rejected.
5. Upon entering the lab, the faculty judge the preparedness of students by posing
questions related to the experiment with due emphasis on the procedure,
precautions, and the theory behind the experiment.
6. The students are expected to fix the type and ranges of the meters. In case it
is already indicated in the manual (correctly), they are expected to justify
them.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS v
7. Students are permitted to carry out the experiment only after answering all
the questions posed by the faculty members. In case they don’t, they are given
one more chance to ponder over the questions and get back to the faculty.
8. Upon getting the clearance from the faculty, students are expected to fill out
the indent form to draw the meters and components from the stores.
9. The students are then expected to make tight connections. The correctness of
these connections is then verified by the faculty.
10. Faculty may choose to pose further questions to students at the test bench to
judge their confidence levels and presence of mind during the experiment.
11. Students/faculty are expected to verify the general settings pertaining to the
experiments before the start of experiments. These typically include the
position of starters, field regulating rheostats, positions of autotransformers,
loading rheostats, etc.,.
12. The experiment is then conducted according to the procedure described in the
manual.
13. Care is exercised while taking measurements. Students should note zero errors
in the meters (if any) before taking the readings. They should take the readings
without parallax error and they should avoid leaning on to panels /loading
rheostats and co-students.
14. Students show the observations to the faculty and upon their approval, proceed
to make the required calculations.
15. Students are then expected to draw pertinent graphs and then show them to
the faculty.
16. If any abnormalities are found, students may have to verify the veracity of the
observations/calculations.
17. Students are expected to document the experiment in the form of a folder.
The format of the folder is well described in the manual. The folder, which is
complete in all respects must be submitted in the subsequent session.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS vi
GENERAL ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS vii
Cell Battery
Voltmeter Ammeter
Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) switch Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) switch
Double Pole Single Throw (DPST) switch Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)
switch
M G
Motor Generator
Wire (connection/joint)
Crossing wires (no connection)
Bell Lamp
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS viii
Fuse Circuut Breaker
RPM
Equipotential
Earth Ground
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS ix
Expt-1
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1) Three point starter must be in OFF position.
2) Motor field rheostat must be in minimum resistance position.
3) Generator field rheostats must be in maximum resistance position.
4) Speed must be maintained constant throughout the experiment.
PROCEDURE:
1) Connections should be made as per the circuit diagram.
2) Switch ON the supply using DPST switch and adjust the 3-point starter from
its OFF position to ON position; slowly, smoothly and continuously.
3) Measure the speed of motor using tachometer. If the speed is less than the
rated speed, adjust the field regulator (rheostat) in the motor to obtain the
rated speed.
4) Adjust the field regulator (rheostat) of generator and note down the
generated voltage across the armature.
5) In steps of 0.1 ampere, generator field rheostats are adjusted alternatively
till we get 1.25 times the rated voltage across armature of the DC shunt
generator.
6) Generated voltage across the armature under no field excitation (due to
residual magnetism) should also be tabulated.
7) Generator field rheostat should be adjusted to maximum resistance position.
Reduce the speed by adjusting the motor field rheostat to minimum
resistance position and then the supply is switched OFF.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 1
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR DETERMINATION OF OPEN CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF A SEPARATELY-EXCITED DC GENERATOR
3 - Point starter
Fuse
+ L Z A
A A
Field
Rheostat
D
+
P Z
220 V M G
S V
DC Supply
T
Mechanical
coupling
ZZ AA AA
Fuse
+
A
Fuse
D + Z
P Generator
V Field
S
Winding
T
ZZ
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 2
OBSERVATION TABLE:
𝒗
S.No If (ampere) Vg (volt) Vf (volt) Rf= 𝑰 𝒇 ohms
𝒇
MODEL GRAPH:
Vg
(volts)
y
Residual
Voltage
If (amps)
𝑦
= 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = 𝑅𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑥
From graph, Rcritical is obtained.
Rf is obtained from observation
Nrated is from name plate design
𝑁𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 ∗ 𝑅𝑓 = 𝑅𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 X 𝑁𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 ;
𝑁𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑋 𝑅𝑓
𝑁𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 =
𝑅𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 3
Expt-2
AIM:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1) The DPSTs (motor side and generator side) should be in OFF position.
2) Motor field rheostat must be in minimum resistance position.
3) Generator field rheostats must be in maximum resistance position.
4) Speed must be maintained constant throughout the experiment.
PROCEDURE:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 4
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR DETERMINATION OF LOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF-EXCITED DC SHUNT GENERATOR
3 - Point starter
Fuse
+ L Z A
+
A A A +
Field
A
D
Rheostat + D
P Z FR V P
M G
DC Supply S S
T T L
Mechanical Z O
A
coupling D
ZZ AA AA
ZZ
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 5
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR FINDING ARMATURE RESISTANCE OF THE GENERATOR
Fuse
+ +
A
D
+
P V G
DC Supply S
T
AA
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 6
10) The field regulator of the generator is brought down to its initial condition
and then the motor field regulator should be adjusted to its initial
condition. Then the supply is switched OFF.
VL IL If Ia=IL+If Eg=VL+IaRa
S.No
(volt) (ampere) (ampere) (ampere) (volt)
V I 𝑽
S.No Ra= 𝑰 (𝐨𝐡𝐦𝐬)
(volt) (ampere)
𝑅1+𝑅2+𝑅3+𝑅4
Average 𝑅𝑎 = ohm
4
MODEL GRAPH:
Internal characteristics
Voltage
(Eg vs Ia)
External Characteristics
(VL vs IL)
Current
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 7
Expt-3
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
At the time of starting SPST switch must be closed and 3-point starter must be
at off position.
PROCEDURE:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 8
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR SPEED CONTROL OF DC SHUNT MOTOR
3 - Point starter
Fuse
+ L Z A
Field
Rheostat +
M V
D + Z
P
DC Supply S V
T AA
ZZ
+
SPST Rheostat
A
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 9
b) FIELD CURRENT CONTROL METHOD:
OBSERVATIONS:
TABULATION FOR ARMATURE VOLTAGE CONTROL METHOD
If =_______________
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 10
Expt-4
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1) Motor field regulator must be in minimum resistance position.
2) There should not be any load on the motor.
PROCEDURE:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 11
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR BRAKE TEST ON A DC SHUNT MOTOR
3 - Point starter
Fuse +
+ L Z A
A
S1 S2
Field
Rheostat A
D + Z
P
V
DC Supply S M
T
ZZ
AA Brake drum
arrangment
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 12
OBSERVATIONS:
Input Output
V IL SPEED S1 S2 W T Efficiency
S. No. Power Power
(volt) (A)
(W)
(rpm) (kg) (kg) (kg) (N-m) (W)
(%)
CALCULATION:
a) Measure the circumference of the brake drum and calculate its radius (r),
in meters.
b) Calculate the torque, T = W r g (N-m); where W = [S1~S2] (kg), i.e. difference
of spring balance readings; and ‘g’ is acceleration due to gravity i.e. 9.81
m/s2.
c) Calculate the output power of the motor, P0 = 2πNT/60 (watt)
d) Calculate the input power, PI = V IL (IL is the line current = Ia + If).
e) Calculate the percentage efficiency, η = (P0/PI) x 100
MODEL GRAPHS:
Torque
Speed
Speed
Output Torque
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 13
Expt-5
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1) Motor field regulator must be in minimum resistance position.
2) There should not be any load on the motor.
PROCEDURE:
1) Connections are given as per the circuit diagram.
2) After checking the minimum position of field rheostat, DPST switch is closed
and starting resistance is gradually removed using 3-point starter.
3) By adjusting the field rheostat, the machine is brought to its rated speed.
4) Note down the armature current, field current and voltage readings at
no-load.
5) After taking all the readings, readjust all to their initial positions and
turn-OFF the DPST switch.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 14
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR SWINBURNE’S TEST ON A DC MACHINE
3 - Point starter
Fuse +
+ L Z A
A
+
Field A
Rheostat
A
D + Z
P
DC Supply S V
T
ZZ M
+
A AA
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 15
OBSERVATIONS:
CALCULATIONS:
Load Current IL = _____ ampere (Assume 25%, 50%, 75% of rated current)
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 16
DC MACHINE OPERATING AS GENERATOR:
Load Current IL = _____ ampere (Assume 25%, 50%, 75% of rated current)
MODEL GRAPH:
Generator
Efficiency
Motor
Load Current
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 17
Expt-6
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1) Motor field regulator must be in minimum resistance position.
2) There should not be any load on the motor.
PROCEDURE:
1) Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2) After checking the minimum position of field rheostat, and DPDT in position
1 & 1’, DPST is closed and starting resistance is gradually removed by using
three-point starter.
3) By adjusting the field rheostat, the machine is brought to its rated speed.
4) Using DPDT switch change the position of the armature terminals from
1-1’ to 2-2’. Now the armature is disconnected from the main supply and
the motor is allowed to retard.
5) Record time taken of 5% fall in speed, voltmeter and ammeter readings.
6) Open the DPST switch.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 18
RETARDATION TEST ON A DC SHUNT MOTOR TO DETERMINE THE MOMENT OF INERTIA
3 - Point starter
Fuse
+ L Z A
Field
Rheostat
A
+
D + Z + D
P P A
DC Supply S V M V
D
T T
ZZ
Resistive
Load
+ AA
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 19
OBSERVATIONS:
RETARTATION TEST
Speed V I Time
S. No.
(rpm) (volt) (ampere) (sec)
MODEL GRAPH:
Speed
Time
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 20
Expt-7
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
PROCEDURE:
1) Connections are given as per the circuit diagram.
2) Close the DPST switch; gradually bring the field rheostat to minimum
resistance position and close the SPST switch.
3) Vary the load on the generator in steps and note down the meter readings
and corresponding speed; maintaining constant voltage across the motor
for each load.
4) Reduce the load on the generator to the initial value, open the SPST and
bring back the field rheostat to maximum resistance position.
5) Open the DPST switch.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 21
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR FIELD TEST ON A PAIR OF DC SERIES MACHINES
+
Field A
Rheostat
YY
Fuse S Motor
+ Field
Y
+ A
A +
V
A
D
+ +
P V
V M G
DC Supply S
T L
Mechanical O
A
coupling D
AA AA
+ Y
Generator
Fuse V Field
YY
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 22
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR FINDING ARMATURE RESISTANCE OF THE MOTOR
Fuse
+ +
A
D
+
P V M
DC Supply S
T
AA
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 23
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR FINDING ARMATURE RESISTANCE OF THE GENERATOR
Fuse
+ +
A
D
+
P V G
DC Supply S
T
AA
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 24
OBSERVATIONS:
VS V1 A1 V2 A2 Speed
S.No.
(volt) (volt) (ampere) (volt) (ampere) (rpm)
V I 𝑽
S.No Ra= 𝑰 (𝐨𝐡𝐦)
(volt) (ampere)
1
2
3
𝑅1+𝑅2+𝑅3+𝑅4
Avg: 𝑅𝑎 = ohm
4
V I 𝑽
S.No Ra= 𝑰 𝐨𝐡𝐦𝐬
(volt) (ampere)
1
2
3
𝑅1+𝑅2+𝑅3+𝑅4
Avg: 𝑅𝑎 = ohm
4
CALCULATIONS:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 25
Total motor losses = WCU(M) + WS / 2 = WM
WM WG I1 I2
S. No m G
(watt) (watt) (ampere) (ampere)
S. V1 I1 W1 V2 A2 W2
% %R
No. (volt) (ampere) (watt) (volt) (ampere) (watt)
GRAPHS:
1. Output Vs %
2. Load current Vs % Regulation
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 26
Expt-8
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1) The SPST switch should be in open condition before the motor is started.
2) The motor field rheostat should be in minimum resistance position and
generator field rheostat should be in maximum resistance position.
3) Close SPST switch, when the voltmeter (V2) reads zero.
PROCEDURE:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 27
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR HOPKINSON’S TEST ON DC SHUNT MACHINES
+
V
3 - Point starter V2
Fuse
+ L Z A +
A
S
+
Field A A
Rheostat
+
D Z
+ A A
P
DC Supply S V
T Z
ZZ
M G
+
A Mechanical ZZ
coupling
AA AA
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 28
OBSERVATIONS:
Speed =
V I1 I2 I3 I4 Motor Generator
S.No.
(volt) (ampere) (ampere) (ampere) (ampere) input output
CALCULATIONS:
Total iron and friction losses for two machines = VI- (I12r1+ I22r2)
Iron and friction losses for one machine PD = [VI- (I12r1+ I22r2)] /2
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 29
Expt-9
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 30
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR OPEN-CIRCUIT TEST ON A SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER
Ph Fuse CC
M L
A
D C r PC V
AC P
S V
Supply
T
N Fuse LV HV
1ɸ auto-
transformer
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 31
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR SHORT-CIRCUIT TEST ON A SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER
Ph Fuse CC
M L
A
D C r PC V
AC P
S V
Supply
T
Fuse HV LV
N
1ɸ auto-
transformer
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 32
OBSERVATIONS FROM THE EXPERIMENTATION:
OPEN-CIRCUIT TEST:
V0 I0 W0 Input power
(volt) (ampere) (watt) (W0*Kp) watt
CALCULATIONS:
𝑊
W0=V0*I0*cosø0 power factor at no load cosø0 =𝑉 ∗𝐼0
0 0
𝑉 𝐻𝑉 2
Im=I0*sin ø0 X0=𝐼 0 X0'=X0*( 𝐿𝑉 )
𝑚
𝑉 𝐻𝑉 2
IL=I0*cos ø0 R0= 𝐼 0 R0'=R0*( 𝐿𝑉 )
𝐿
𝑉 𝑊𝑠𝑐
Zsc= 𝐼𝑠𝑐 Rsc=𝐼 2
𝑠𝑐 𝑠𝑐
𝐿𝑉 2 𝐿𝑉 2
Xsc=√𝑍𝑠𝑐 2 − 𝑅𝑠𝑐 2 Req’= Rsc*(𝐻𝑉) Xeq’= Xsc*(𝐻𝑉)
𝒙∗𝑲𝑽𝑨∗𝑷.𝑭∗𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
Efficiency (ɳ ) =
𝒙∗𝑲𝑽𝑨∗𝑷.𝑭∗𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎∗𝒙𝟐 𝑾𝒔𝒄
1 1
ɳ at load substitute x=
2 2
1 1
ɳ at 4 load substitute x=4
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 33
REGULATION:
V=230 V, assume P.F at 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2 & upf (lag & lead)
1 1
3
2
4
1
3
2
1
4
4
5 0
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 34
MODEL GRAPHS:
%
Load
% Regulation
2
1
%
0 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
-1 lag
lead
-2
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 35
Expt-10
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
PROCEDURE:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 36
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR LOAD TEST ON A SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER
W1
Ph Fuse CC
M L
A A
D C r PC V D L
P P O
AC
S V V S A
Supply D
T T
N Fuse
1ɸ auto-
transformer
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 37
OBSERVATION TABLE FOR LOAD TEST:
V1 I1 W1 V2 I2 W2=V2*I2 𝑾𝟐 𝑽𝟎 −𝑽𝟐
S.No %ɳ= ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎 %reg= ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎
(volt) (ampere) (watt) (volt) (ampere) (watt) 𝑾𝟏 𝑽𝟐
MODEL GRAPH:
%
Load
CALCULATIONS:
𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑉2 𝐼2
%ɳ = ∗ 100 = ∗ 100
𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑊1
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 38
Expt-11
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1. The auto transformer should be in minimum voltage position.
2. The voltmeter (V3) may read zero due to inherent fault in it. It is always
advisable to connect one of the transformer.
PROCEDURE:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 39
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR SUMPNER’S TEST ON TRANSFORMERS
W1
Ph Fuse CC S
M L
A
C r V
D PC V
AC P V3
S V
Supply
T
N Fuse
1ɸ auto-
transformer-1
W2
Ph Fuse CC
M L
A
D C r PC V
AC P
S V
Supply
T
N Fuse
1ɸ auto-
transformer-2
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 40
OBSERVATIONS:
V1 I1 W1 V2 I2 W2
S.No
(volt) (ampere) (watt) (volt) (ampere) (watt)
CALCULATIONS:
output
Efficiency
input
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 41
Expt-12
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
PROCEDURE:
1. Start the DC motor by three point starter.
2. Adjust the speed of a DC motor for a particular frequency using
N= 120*f/p, (where p is number of poles of alternator).
3. Excite the alternator and generate a suitable voltage supply to variac.
4. Adjust the variac output voltage such that V/F =0.8.
5. Note down the meter readings.
6. Bring the variac output voltage to zero. Reduce the excitation of
alternator to zero.
7. Repeat the steps 2-6 for different speeds i.e., frequencies.
8. Stop the motor by pressing red button, and bring the starter to OFF
position.
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 42
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR SEPARATION OF NO LOAD LOSSES OF A SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER
W
3 - Point starter
Fuse M CC L
+ L Z A A
C2 A1
A C r PC V
Field Mechanical
Rheostat coupling
D V V
P Z
M
DC Supply S
T
C1 A2
ZZ AA B2 B1 LV HV
1-ph auto-
transformer
Fuse
+
A
Fuse
+
D Z
P Alternator
DC Supply Field
S
Winding
T
ZZ
Fuse
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 43
OBSERVATIONS:
f N V = 0.8*f Wi
S. No Wi /f
(Hz) (rpm) (volt) (watt)
CALCULATIONS:
Wi =Wh +We
( K h Bmax
1.6
f ) ( K e Bmax
2
f 2)
(K h * f ) (K e * f 2 )
(v/f constant)
GRAPH:
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 44
Expt-13
SCOTT CONNECTION
AIM:
To convert three phase system to two phase system with the help of Scott
connection.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
PRECAUTIONS:
1. The three phase auto transformer should be in minimum voltage position.
2. The load side SPSTs should be in open condition.
PROCEDURE:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 45
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR SCOTT CONNECTION
A1 S1
Fuse
R A
L
T
O
3ɸ P V2 V A
AC S D
Supply T AT
A2 A
Fuse
Y A
S2
3ɸ L
AC V V1 O
V3 V
Supply A
D
Fuse A3 AM
B A A
3ɸ auto-
transformer
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 46
OBSERVATIONS:
TABULATION FOR BALANCED TWO-PHASE SUPPLY:
V1 V2 V3
S.No
(volt) (volt) (volt)
AM AT A1 A2 A3 V1 V2
S.No
(ampere) (ampere) (ampere) (ampere) (ampere) (volt) (volt)
CALCULATIONS:
RESULT:
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS 47
APPENDIX-A
1) TWO-POINT STARTER
2) THREE-POINT STARTER
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS I
3) FOUR-POINT STARTER
4) RESISTORS
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS II
5) RHEOSTAT CONNECTIONS
6) CAPACITORS
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS III
7) CAPACITOR TYPES
8) INDUCTORS TYPES
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS IV
9) CLASSIFICATION OF DC MACHINES
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS V
11) TRANSORMERS SYMBOLS
EED/EE305-EMLAB-1/PS VI