BITS-Pilani Hyderabad Campus
Assignment
Course No.: MATH F312 Course Title: ODE
Date of submission: 12-Nov.-2023 Max. Marks: 10
Submission time: during the class between 10:40 AM to 10:50 AM
Q1. Let’s consider the equation x0 = f (x) + g(x). Suppose that |f (x)| < 1 and that for some > 0 and
L > 0 such that |g(x)| ≤ . Let’s suppose too,that |f (x) − f (y)| ≤ L|x − y|. If x1 and x2 are two
solutions such that x1 (0) = x2 (0). Prove that
2 Lt
|x1 (t) − x2 (t)| ≤ (e − 1).
L
Q2. Let a1 , a2 , ..., an are the real constants. If all the characteristic roots of the characteristic polynomial
L(λ) of
L(D)y = y (n) + a1 y (n−1) + ... + an y = 0, (1)
have negative real parts, then, given any solution y(t) of (1), there exists positive numbers α and M
such that |y(t)| ≤ M e−αt , t ≥ 0, and hence lim |y(t)| = 0.
t→∞
Q3. Using , δ definition, show that:
All the solutions of x0 (t) = A(t)x(t), where A(t) is an n × n continuous matrix on [0, ∞) and x is an
n−vector, are stable iff they are bounded.
Q4. Let A be a 2 × 2 invertible matrix with real entries. Consider X 0 = AX, t > 0, such that A has
complex eigenvalues with its real part less than zero. Using − δ definition, prove that the origin is
asymptotically stable spiral.
Q5. Discuss the stability of all the critical points of the following
( (
x0 = x − y x0 = −6x + 6y
(a) 0 (b)
y = −15x + 2y − 4 sin y. y 0 = −4x + xy + 3.
