12 SETS

01
REAL NUMBERS
REAL NUMBERS 1

Previous Year Questions

1. Assertion (A): The perimeter of ABC is a rational [CBSE-30-4-1-(2023)]
n
number. 9. Assertion (A): The number 5 cannot end with the digit
Reason (R): The sum of the squares of two rational 0, where n is a natural number.
numbers is always rational. Reason (R): Prime factorisation of 5 has only two
factors, 1 and 5.
[CBSE-30-5-1-(2023)]
10. Using prime factorisation, find HCF and LCM of 96 and
120.
[CBSE-30-5-1-(2023)]
11. (a) Prove that 3 is an irrational number.
OR
(b) The traffic lights at three different road crossings
[CBSE-30-1-1-(2023)]
change after every 48 seconds, 72 seconds and 108
2. Find the greatest number which divides 85 and 72 seconds respectively. If they change simultaneously at 7
leaving remainders 1 and 2 respectively. a.m., at what time will they change together next ?
[CBSE-30-1-1-(2023)] [CBSE-30-5-1-(2023)]
3. Prove that 5 is an irrational number. 32
12. If p 2 = , then p is a/an
[CBSE-31-1-1-(2023)], [CBSE-30-4-1-(2023)] 50
4. If ‘ p ’ and ‘ q ’ are natural numbers and ‘ p ’ is the (a) whole number (b) integer
multiple of ‘ q ’, then what is the HCF of ‘ p ’ and ‘ q ’? (c) rational number (d) irrational number
(a) pq (b) p [CBSE-30-6-1-(2023)]

(c) q (d) p + q 13. Statement A (Assertion): If 5 + 7 is a root of a

quadratic equation with rational co-efficients, then its
[CBSE-30-2-1-(2023)]
other root is 5 − 7 .
5. Prove that 2 + 3 is an irrational number, given that
Statement R (Reason): Surd roots of a quadratic
3 is an irrational number. equation with rational co-efficients occur in conjugate
[CBSE-30-2-1-(2023)] pairs.
6. (a) Find by prime factorisation the LCM of the numbers [CBSE-30-6-1-(2023)]
18180 and 7575. Also, find the HCF of the two numbers. n
14. (A) Show that 6 can not end with digit 0 for any natural
OR number ‘ n ’.
(b) Three bells ring at intervals of 6, 12 and 18 minutes. OR
If all the three bells rang at 6 a.m., when will they ring (B) Find the HCF and LCM of 72 and 120.
together again?
[CBSE-30-6-1-(2023)]
[CBSE-30-2-1-(2023)]
7. The ratio of HCF to LCM of the least composite number
and the least prime number is:
(a) 1: 2 (b) 2 :1
(c) 1:1 (d) 1: 3
[CBSE-30-4-1-(2023)]
8. Two numbers are in the ratio 2 : 3 and their LCM is 180.
What is the HCF of these numbers?
 2 REAL NUMBERS

15. (A) Find the HCF and LCM of 26, 65 and 117, using
prime factorization.
OR
(B) Prove that 2 is an irrational number.
[CBSE-30-6-1-(2023)]
REAL NUMBERS 1

Solutions
1. (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true 9. (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false
2. We have to find HCF of 85 − 1 = 84 and 72 − 2 = 70 . 10. 96 = 2  2  2  2  2  3
HCF of 84 and 70 = 14 = 25  3
3. Let 5 be a rational number. 120 = 2  2  2  3  5

p = 23  3  5
 5 = , where q  0 and let p & q be co-primes
q HCF = 24
LCM = 480
5q2 = p2  p2 is divisible by 5  p is divisible by 5
11. (a) Let 3 be a rational number.
 p = 5a, where ‘ a ’ is some integer ….(i)
p
25a2 = 5q2  q2 = 5a2  q2 is divisible by 5  q is  3= , let p & q be co-primes and q  0
a
divisible by 5.
3q2 = p2  p2 is divisible by 3  p is divisible by 3
 q = 5b, where ‘ b ’ is some integer.
 p = 3a, where ‘ a ’ is some integer
(i) and (ii) leads to contradiction as ‘ p ’ and ‘ q ’ are co-
9a2 = 3q2  q2 = 3a2  q2 is divisible by 3
primes.
 q is divisible by 3
 5 is an irrational number.
 q = 3b, where ‘ b ’ is some integer
4. (c) q
(i) and (ii) leads to contradiction as ‘ p ’ and ‘ q ’ are co-
5. Let us assume that 2 + 3 is rational.
primes.
p
Let 2 + 3 = ; q  0 and p, q are integers  3 is an irrational number.
q
OR
p − 2q
 3= LCM = 42
q
432
p and q are integers,  p − 2q is an integer i.e., = 7 min 12 sec
60
p − 2q  traffic lights will change simultaneously again at 7 :
 is a rational number
q 7 : 12 a.m.
12. (c) rational
 3 is a rational number which contradicts our
13. (A)
assumption that 3 is an irrational number.
14. (A) If 6 n ends with digit 0, it would be divisible by 5.
 2 + 3 is an irrational number. So, prime factorization of 6 n would contain 5. But
6. 18180 = 22  32  5  101 6n = ( 2  3) , the only prime factorization of 6 n are 2
n

7575 = 3  52  101 and 3 as per fundamental theorem of Arithmetic . There

LCM = 2  3  5  101 = 90900
2 2 2
is no other prime in the factorization of 6 n . So, there is
HCF = 3  5 101 = 1515 no natural number n for which 6 n ends with digit zero.
OR OR
LCM of 6, 12, 18 = 36 (B) 72 = 2  3
3 2

So, all the three bells ring together after 36 minutes at 6 120 = 23  3  5
: 36 AM
HCF = 24
7. (a) 1: 2
LCM = 360
8. Let the numbers be 2 x,3 x 15. (A) 26 = 13  2
LCM = 6 x = 180  x = 30 65 = 13  5
 Numbers are 60, 90 117 = 13  3  3
HCF (60, 90) = 30  HCF = 13
2 REAL NUMBERS

LCM = 13  2  3  5  3 = 1170
OR
(B) Let 2 be a rational number.
p
 2= , where q  0 and let p & q be co-primes.
q
2q2 = p2  p2 is divisible by 2  p is divisible by 2
 p = 2a, where ‘ a ’ is some integer …(i)
4a2 = 2q2  q2 = 2a2  q2 is divisible by 2
 q is divisible by 2
 q = 2b, where ‘ b ’ is some integer …(ii)
(i) and (ii) leads to contradiction as ‘ p ’ and ‘ q ’ are co-
primes.
 2 is an irrational number.