MS DOS:

1. Create the following directory structure:

a) Create a directory with your college name.
b) Create sub directories with course names under your college name folder.
c) Within each course create sub directories for First, Second and Final
years. Directory
A directory is an index of the files stored on the disk. (Or) Directory is nothing but a
collection of files in this we can store no of user files. But these directories cannot have
capacity.
Root directory: The main directory or the topmost directory is called the Root Directory. All
other directories are branches of this directory, like the roots of a tree.
Root directory can include files, programs.
Subdirectory: Subdirectory is a directory within a directory. It is just like a child directory of
parent directory made for maximum use of disk & maintains the records & files
We can create/remove a directory by using following commands.
1. Md (Making a directory)
2. Cd (Call (open) or change a directory)
3. Rd (Removing a directory
1. Md (make directory): we can make a directory by using MD command.
Syntax: C:\> md <filename>
2. Cd (Call directory): we can call a directory by using CD command.
Syntax: C:\> cd <filename>
3. Rd (Removing directory): we can make a directory by using MD command.
Syntax: C:\> Rd <filename>
Steps:
C:\> md NDC↲
C:\> dir /ad ↲
C:\> cd NDC↲
C:\NDC> md BA ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲

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C:\ NDC > md BCOM ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md BZC↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md MPCs↲
C:\ NDC > cd BA ↲
C:\ NDC \BA> md First Year ↲
C:\ NDC \BA> md Second Year ↲
C:\ NDC \BA> md Final Year ↲
C:\NDC\BA> dir/ad ↲ C:\NDC\
BA> cd First Year ↲ C:\NDC\
BA> cd Second Year ↲ C:\NDC\
BA> cd Final Year ↲ C:\NDC>
md BCOM ↲
C:\NDC> dir/ad ↲
C:\NDC> cd BCOM ↲
C:\NDC\BCOM> md First Year ↲
C:\NDC\BCOM> md Second Year ↲
C:\NDC\BCOM> md Final Year ↲
C:\NDC\BCOM> dir/ad ↲ C:\NDC\
BCOM> cd First Year ↲ C:\NDC\
BCOM> cd Second Year ↲ C:\ NDC
\BCOM> cd Final Year ↲ C:\ NDC
> md BZC ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad ↲
C:\ NDC > cd BZC ↲
C:\ NDC \BZC> md First Year ↲
C:\ NDC \BZC> md Second Year ↲
C:\ NDC \BZC> md Final Year ↲
C:\ NDC \BZC> dir/ad ↲

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C:\ NDC \BZC> cd First Year ↲
C:\ NDC \BZC> cd Second Year ↲
C:\College\BZC> cd Final Year ↲
C:\ NDC > md MPCs ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad ↲
C:\ NDC > cd MPCs ↲
C:\ NDC \ MPCs > md First Year ↲
C:\ NDC \ MPCs > md Second Year ↲
C:\ NDC \ MPCs > md Final Year ↲
C:\ NDC \ MPCs > dir/ad ↲
C:\ NDC \ MPCs > cd First Year ↲
C:\ NDC \ MPCs > cd Second Year ↲
C:\ NDC \ MPCs > cd Final Year ↲

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2. Create the following directory structure:
a) Create a directory with your college name.
b) Create sub directories with course names under your college name folder.
c) Display the above folder structure in the form of a tree.
Steps:
a) C:\> md NDC↲
C:\> dir /ad ↲
C:\> cd NDC↲
b) C:\ NDC > md BA ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md BCOM ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md BZC↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md MPCs↲

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3. Create the following directory structure:
a) Create a directory with your college name.
b) Create sub directories with course names under your college name folder.
c) Create text files describing about each course in respective course names.

Steps:
a) C:\> md NDC↲
C:\> dir /ad ↲
C:\> cd NDC↲
b) C:\NDC> md BA ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md BCOM ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md BZC↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md MPCs↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > cd BA↲
c) C:\ NDC\BA > copy con bafile↲
This it text file for ba group under ndc directory.
F6↲
1File(s) copied
C:\ NDC > cd BCOM↲
C:\ NDC\BCOM> copy con bcomfile↲
This it text file for bcom group under ndc directory.
F6↲
1File(s) copied
C:\ NDC > cd BZC↲
C:\ NDC\BZC > copy con bzcfile↲
This it text file for bzc group under ndc directory.
F6↲

5
1File(s) copied
C:\ NDC > cd MPCs↲
C:\ NDC\MPCs> copy con mpcsfile↲
This it text file for mpcs group under ndc directory.
F6↲
1File(s) copied

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4. Create the following directory structure:
a) Create a directory with your college name.
b) Create sub directories with course names under your college name folder.
c) Create text files describing about each course in respective course names.
d) Copy the text files into college name directory.
e) Delete the sub directories under college name directory.

Steps:

a) C:\> md NDC↲
C:\> dir /ad ↲
C:\> cd NDC↲
b) C:\NDC> md BA ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md BCOM ↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md BZC↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > md MPCs↲
C:\ NDC > dir/ad↲
C:\ NDC > cd BA↲
c) C:\ NDC\BA > copy con bafile↲
This it text file for ba group under ndc directory.
F6↲
1File(s) copied
C:\ NDC > cd BCOM↲
C:\ NDC\BCOM> copy con bcomfile↲
This it text file for bcom group under ndc directory.
F6↲
1File(s) copied
C:\ NDC > cd BZC↲

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 C:\ NDC\BZC > copy con bzcfile↲
This it text file for bzc group under ndc directory.
F6↲
1File(s) copied
C:\ NDC > cd MPCs↲
C:\ NDC\MPCs> copy con mpcsfile↲
This it text file for mpcs group under ndc directory.
F6↲
1File(s) copied
d) C:\NDC> copy con ndcfile ↲
This NDC Directory files for ndcfile.
F6↲
1File(s) copied
C:\NDC> copy ndcfile ndcfile1↲
1File(s) copied
C:\NDC> type ndcfile1 ↲
This NDC Directory files for ndcfile.
e) C:\NDC> cd BA↲ C:\NDC\
BA> delete bafile↲ C:\
NDC\BA>cd..
C:\NDC> RD BA↲ C:\
NDC> cd BCOM↲
C:\NDC\BCOM> delete bcomfile↲
C:\NDC\BCOM>cd..
C:\NDC> RD BCOM↲
C:\NDC> cd BZC↲ C:\NDC\
BZC> delete bzcfile↲
C:\NDC\BZC>cd.. C:\NDC\MPCs> delete mpcsfile↲
C:\NDC> RD BZC↲ C:\NDC\MPCs>cd..
C:\NDC> cd MPCs↲ C:\NDC> RD MPCs↲

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5. Demonstrate the use of any 5 internal and external DOS commands with
your own data.
Internal Command
.
1. CLS: this command is used to clean the screen.
2. DIR: this command allows the user to see all files and sub-directory in the current
directory. DIR Command lists file information in five columns; (first) column gives primary
name of the file (second) column gives extension of the file (third) column gives the file size
- number of bytes used; (fourth) column gives the last updated date; (fifth) column gives the
last updated time.
Dir/p - page by page display of file name and directory names;
Dir/w - width-wise display;
Dir/s - displays all sub directory and files in the sub-directory of current directory.
3. Copy con this command copies whatever typed on keyboard to the file; the file can be
closed by giving the command A2 or F6 key: eg: Copy con test.....A2.
4. Date it displays two system date and allows the user to change it if desired ; it is displayed
in the form of mm - dd - yy;
eg:c:\> date - enter.
5. Time it displays the system type and enables the user to change it;
eg: C:\> Time - enter.
6. md(mkdir) it creates a new directory in sub directory in the current
directory; eg: C:\> md <New directory name>

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7. rd(rmdir) this command is used to remove a directory from the disk; it can't remove a
directory which contains sub directory or files, ie, the child should be removed from the
parent; similarly this command can't remove the current directory and root directory.
Syntax: c:\> RD<Dir name>.
8. Type it displays the content of saved
file; eg: C:\> Type> file name.
9. Ren this command changes the name of existing file or
directory: Syntax: C:\> ren <old name> new name>
10. Delete delete a file from current
directory; Syntax: C;\> del<file name>
11. Ver it displays the version of DOS currently being used in the
system; Syntax: C:> ver
12. Copy it copies the given file or files from the source directory to the largest directory;
Syntax:C:\> copy<source file name> <target file name>.
13. Prompt allows the user to set a new DOS prompt instead of usual
C:\> or A:\>;
eg C:\> prompt pcc;
Prompt$p$g - this allows you to reset default prompt;
Prompt $d (current date); Prompt $t (current time);
External Command
1. Attrib this command is used for protecting the files from accidental changes or
modification. It can also be used for making a hidden file, archive files, read only files;
Syntax: Attrib +R/-R/+H/-H/+A/-A <file name> +FR protects the file by making it read only,
-R removes the read only protection; eg: Attrib + r <file name >
2. Scandisk/ Chkdisk this command checks the status of the disk; it shows a graphical
display, information about the user file.
3. Tree this command graphically displays the path of each directory and sub directory in
given drive;
Syntax: C:\> tree<
4. More it displays one screen of data at a time and is used with another command when one
screen is full; if you press any key on the next screen is displayed:

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Syntax C:\> type abc.doc| more.
5. Edit the command loads the MSDOS editor, where we can edit files, create new files, open
existing files;
Syntax: C:\> edit < file name>
6. Label a label is a name given to a disk which refers to collection of files and directories
on disk;
Syntax: C:\>label A.
7. Sort this command is used for sorting data and displaying the result on the screen:
Syntax:C:\>dir/sort/r (reverse order)
8. Format; this command prepares a disk by arranging random magnetic impulses in to a
series of track and sectors so that it is addressable by a DOS version;
Syntax : C:\> format A:/s
9. Sys this command transfers MSDOS System files to specified areas to make the disk boo
table;
Syntax: C:\>Sys A:<
10 Pipes (|) it connects two files ie the standard output of one filter command becomes
standard input of another filter;
eg Dir/Sort/ more ||
11. Batchfiles all batch files on DOS must have the file extn on bat to execute the batch file,
the user has just type the file name and press enter key, in addition to usual DOS command.
12. Echo this command can be used to display a message on the screen
13. Pause when this command is obeyed, the system waits for the user to press a key by
displaying a line "strike a key when ready"
14. Rem a command or remark can be used on batch file by the rem command; to symbol @
can be put in a REM command to prevent DOS from displaying the commend during the
execution of batch files.

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 MS Word

6. Create a word document to generate the following output:

(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b 2
H2SO4, H2O, CO2, MNO2
N2+H2  NH3
Procedure:
Step 1: opening MS Word from start menuAll programs and click MS Office MS Word
Step 2: Than open one blank word document, in that document appear whole white paper. In
that document we can type the data by using keyboard.

Step 3: using keyboard, type data like (a+b)2 = a2 + 2ab +b2. In this format to use super script
and subscript option in present Home tabfont ribbon.
Step4: In the same way we can type another data by using super script and sub script option
type data as follow H2SO4, H2O, CO2, MNO2 and N2+H2  NH3
OUTPUT:
7. Create a word document to display the Time Table of your class. Use all the features
of Table Formatting.
Procedure:
Step 1: Opening the MS Word from start menuall programs  click on MS Office MS
Word then display MS Word window on the Screen
Step 2: Taking option blank documents and Type Class Time Table text. And select the text
than click “Bold” format on Home tab on the ribbon and select “B” Option.
Step 3: After the creating bold format text then select underline then select the text and press
“Ctrl+U” from on keyboard. And set the font size 18 on Home tab on the Ribbon and select
size of the text, and middle of the text than we type on keyboard “Ctrl+E” combination than
the text represent on center position in a document.
Step 4: We can insert a table in a document, than select insert tab  click table option  select
number of columns and rows in table option. Than one table displayed on the document.

Step 5: Than column heading into a table like “Time”, “BA”, “BCOM”, “BZC”, and
“MPCs”. And enter all cells data in a table.
Step 6: to format the table than we select entire table along with table data and right click on
mouse than select table properties option.
Step 7: Table properties window displayed on the screen and we change row height, column
width, cell data alignment, and table design in that table properties window, and finally click
ok button.
Step 8: after completion of formatting tha table the result displayed don the screen.
OUTPUT:

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8. Create a document on Features of computers and apply different themes.
Features of Computers (underline, caps, bold, font size=18)
Accuracy
Speed
Efficiency
Multi-tasking
Give numbers to the above features and Background as Pink
Procedure:
 Opening MS Word from start menuAll programs and click MS Office MS Word
 Taking option blank documents and Type Features of Computers text. And select the
text than click “Bold” format on Home tab on the ribbon and select “B” Optinon.
 After the creating bold format text then select underline then select the text and press
“Ctrl+U” from on keyboard. And set the font size 18 on Home tab on the Ribbon and
select size of the text .
 Next press enter button select Number list on Home tab on ribbon and type Sub heading
“ Accuracy” with bold, under line and font size is 18 like same as above step. And
type the information normally
 In the same way we can type “Speed”, “Efficiency”, and “Multi-tasking”.
 Next after completion of typing the data than save the documents.

Output:-
21
9. Create a Table containing student’s marks and sort in ascending order.
 Opening MS Word from start menuAll programs and click MS Office MS Word
 Taking the Blank Documents and Type the Heading “Students Marks” With Align
Center from Home Tab on ribbon than select Center Alignment”.
 Press enter button the Inset a table from “Insert” tab on ribbon and click “ Table”
option and select “inset Table” option then to display Table dialogue box appear.
 In that table dialogue box enter number of rows and columns and click OK button.
 Like we can type 5 rows and 8 columns.
 After inserting a table type the column heading like as “SNo”, SName”, Telugu”,
“English”, “ BE”, “BOM”, “FA”, “IT” .
 After type columns heading then type column data and fill the table all rows and
columns data.
 To set Table data in Sorting order like Student names are alphabetical order then we
can set the sirt the student names from Home tab on the ribbon and click Sort option,
then in table all the students name are arranged the alphabetical order.

Output:

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 MS Excel

10. Enter the Student details with the following columns:

Sno, Sname, Subjects marks in first semester.
Calculate the Total Marks, Average and Result.
Result should be displayed as “Pass/Fail”. Take your own criteria for result.

Steps:
 Open MS-Excel from Start ButtonAll ProgramsMS Office MS Excel
 Taking New Blank Work Sheet from Home tab on Ribbon.
 Type the Column heading like “Sno”, “Sname”, “Telugu”, “English”, “FA1”, “BOM”,
“FIT”, “SUM”, “AVG” and “Result”. After type the text we type all the data about the
students.
 After type the data Last columns we insert another column “SUM”, “AVG” and
“Result”.
 In SUM column we can do the sum of their marks by using auto sum option in MS Excel.

 Then we can select Home tab on ribbon and click Auto Sum Option and
click enter button from the keay board.
 In AVG column we can do the average of their marks by using formula like
“=AVERAGE(C2:G2)” in MS Excel.
 In Resulr column we can display the Result (Pass or Fail) of their marks by using formula
like “=IF(MIN(C2:G2)>=35,"Pass","Fail")” in MS Excel.
 In the same way all the rows to perform auto SUM, AVG and Results operation. Then the
result is following are

Output:-
11. Enter the Student details with the following columns:
Sno, Sname, Subjects marks in first semester.
a) Calculate the Total Marks, Average.

b) Find the maximum and minimum of marks in Total Marks column.

c) Count the number of students whose Average score is > 70.

Steps:
 Open MS-Excel from Start ButtonAll ProgramsMS Office MS Excel
 Taking New Blank Work Sheet from Home tab on Ribbon.
 Type the Column heading like “Sno”, “Sname”, “Telugu”, “English”, “FA1”,
“BOM”, “FIT”, “SUM”, “AVG” and “Result”. After type the text we type all the data
about the students.
 After type the data Last columns we insert another column “SUM”, “AVG” and
“Result”.
 In SUM column we can do the sum of their marks by using auto sum option in MS Excel.

 Then we can select Home tab on ribbon and click Auto Sum Option and
click enter button from the keay board.
 In AVG column we can do the average of their marks by using formula like
“=AVERAGE(C2:G2)” in MS Excel.
 In Result column we can display the Result (Pass or Fail) of their marks by using formula
like “=IF(MIN(C2:G2)>=35,"Pass","Fail")” in MS Excel.
 We can select Entire SUM column and go to formulas to select Minimum and Maximum
formula and write following below
=MIN(H2:H11) to find minimum total marks on excel the
result is 339
=MAX(H2:H11) to find Maximum total marks on excel the
result is 433
 We can select entire AVG column to find get count of AVG how will AVG>70, then we
click forumlas tab and select COUNTIF formula and then write formula code as
following below
=COUNTIF(I2:I11,">70")

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  In the same way all the rows to perform auto SUM, AVG and Results operation. Then the
result is following are
OUTPUT:

27
12. Enter the Student details with the following
columns: Sno, Sname, Subject marks in first
semester.
a) Calculate the Total Marks, Average.

b) Use conditional formatting to display the students marks whose score in a

particularl subject is greater than 90.

c) Use conditional formatting to display the students whose marks are greater
than 90 in all the subjects.
Steps:
 Open MS-Excel from Start ButtonAll ProgramsMS Office MS Excel
 Taking New Blank Work Sheet from Home tab on Ribbon.
 Type the Column heading like “Sno”, “Sname”, “Telugu”, “English”, “FA1”,
“BOM”, “FIT”, “SUM”, “AVG” and “Result”. After type the text we type all the data
about the students.
 After type the data Last columns we insert another column “SUM”, “AVG” and
“Result”.
 In SUM column we can do the sum of their marks by using auto sum option in MS Excel.

 Then we can select Home tab on ribbon and click Auto Sum Option and
click enter button from the keay board.
 In AVG column we can do the average of their marks by using formula like
“=AVERAGE(C2:G2)” in MS Excel.
 In Result column we can display the Result (Pass or Fail) of their marks by using formula
like “=IF(MIN(C2:G2)>=35,"Pass","Fail")” in MS Excel.
 We can display who got 90marks and above 90 marks in all subject in a table we use
conditional formatting cell as we write the following steps
 We can select all subjects marks by using mouse, and we can select in Home tab, then
click conditional formatting option and select highlight cell rules and click Greater
Than option. Than open one window.
 In that window type the number 90 and click ok button.
 Than the output display who got greater than 90 marks in all subject to display their
cells in diferent color appears.

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OUTPUT:

29
13. Consider the following columns:
Sno, Sname, Total marks obtained in first semester. Represent this data using a
Bar diagram.
Steps:
 Open MS-Excel from Start ButtonAll ProgramsMS Office MS Excel
 Taking New Blank Work Sheet from Home tab on Ribbon.
 Type the Column heading like “Sno”, “Sname”, “Telugu”, “English”, “FA1”, “BOM”,
“FIT”, “SUM”, “AVG” and “Result”. After type the text we type all the data about the
students.
 After type the data Last columns we insert another column “SUM”, “AVG” and
“Result”.
 In SUM column we can do the sum of their marks by using auto sum option in MS Excel.

 Then we can select Home tab on ribbon and click Auto Sum Option and
click enter button from the keay board.
 In AVG column we can do the average of their marks by using formula like
“=AVERAGE(C2:G2)” in MS Excel.
 We can display Bar chart using entire these values , first we can select all the cells
data and click insert tabselect bar chartand click where we want correct bar chart
design.
 Than using all the cells values to display one bar chart present on out working excel
work sheet.
OUTPUT:

30
14. Consider the following columns:
Month, Sales(Rs.). Plot the data using a line chart.
Steps:
 Open MS-Excel from Start ButtonAll ProgramsMS Office MS Excel
 Taking New Blank Work Sheet from Home tab on Ribbon.
 Type the Column heading like “ Months”, “Seles (Rs.)”. After type the text we type all
the data about the Plot details..
 By using these all columns data to prepare Line chart, first we can select all the column
data and than click insert tabselect line chart click select we want require line chart
design.
 Than display on current work sheet line chart .
OUTPUT:

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