Community Engagement Solidarity

and Citizenship
Quarter 2 – Module 12: Methodologies and Approaches in Community Action:
Community Needs Assessment
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City
 Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of
Pasig City
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Community Engagement Solidarity and Citizenship 12
Self-Learning Module on Methodologies and Approaches in Community Action:
Community Needs Assessment!
This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.
This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Community Engagement Solidarity and Citizenship 12
Self-Learning Module on Methodologies and Approaches in Community Action:
Community Needs Assessment!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.
 Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson
at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson -​ This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities​ - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up ​- This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing ​- This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest​ - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.

EXPECTATIONS
At the end of the lesson in this module the student shall be able to:
1. Identify different community needs based on the community profile.
2. Examine the different needs of a community.
3. Exhibit skills in community needs assessment.

PRETEST
Multiple Choice:​ Pick from the choices provided below what you think is the best
answer for each of the items.
Answer choices:
A. Prelusive data B. Geographical features
C. Public service facilities D. Economic activities
1. Most of the people in the community are engage in farming. __________
2. There is a barangay outpost near the gate of the elementary school. __________
3. There are two rivers in Elmer’s place which serve as the drain for water after the
heavy rains. _________
4. Forty percent of the population in Joey’s barangay are professionals. __________
5. There is a newly renovated multipurpose hall in the community which was built
by the city government. __________

RECAP
For the recap on topic from module 11 can anyone cite one method of data
gathering used in community profiling? Why is community profiling important in
the community-building process? Where can we get secondary sources of
information about a community?
I think you’re ready now for the topics in this, so let’s get going!

LESSON
What is community needs assessment?
Needs assessment is conducted after the organization or the group had
already completed the profiling or assessment of the client community. In this stage
all the relevant data about the community had been collected and clustered. Need
is the term being used instead of problems because the community enablers look at
all situations in the community that require interventions are actual social
phenomena that can be resolve.
Assessing the needs of
the community will require skills
in analyzing data from various
sources. So that accurate
conclusion may be obtained that
will guide the volunteers throughout the planning, implementation and evaluation
of the community building project to be conducted.
In community action point of view needs refers to the missing link that will
afford the people to have a life they deserved. It can be a need for food, electricity,
water, health services or intangible things like being informed or educated, unity
and collaboration within the community.
Clustering of data
1. ​Prelusive data. Provide information such as land area, population and other
demographical figures. This will help the enablers become aware of the numbers of
people in different age and gender categories, religious affiliations, cultural and
ethnic orientations as well as socio-economic conditions. These information are
essential because they focus on the individual and social characteristics of the
community.
2. Geographical features. This
part will give the enablers a
clear view of the community’s
physical environment including
those areas adjacent to it.
Information of this nature can
help in determining where a
particular problem originated or
whether outside factors
contribute to the worsening of
the problem. This part is best documented through the method of mapping.
3. Government and public service facilities. This part tackles information on the
functioning of the government and its allied instrumentalities in the area. Looking
deeper into the existing political environment will give relevant information on how
the community utilizes various political channels in confronting its problems.
4. Public utilities. This includes the transportation system available in the area,
electricity, water, system of communications and other factors essential to the
attainment of improved living conditions. The absence of any of these factors can
pose a big deal of challenges to the community. It can hamper development.
5. Economic activities. This focuses on the sources of livelihood of the people as
well as the various businesses and industries in the area which is very vital in the
development. The absence of a healthy economy will cause the cases of poverty to
shoot up and create more social problems in varied forms.
The proponents can add more
areas to be looked into as they see to be
required by the situation. The history of
the place will also provide significant set
of information that will further widen the
window that provides clearer view of the
dynamics of the community.
 After clustering of the data, the group will now have to analyze the situations
in the community in order to arrive at a more precise view of the needs of the
community. An accurate analysis of the needs will help the group to come up with
more relevant community action program. The people will be more supportive of the
project when they see that they will really benefit from it.
Here is one example of how needs analysis is done. The map from the
previous module shows that there are several schools along A. Bonifacio Street
which are very close in proximity to commercial establishments. These
establishments can potentially create distractions to the students who might lose
their focus on their studies because the amenities inside the commercial
establishments could lure the students to spend most of their time in some other
unproductive activities rather than their studies. This information should be
verified using other information the group gathered through the interviews they
made or from secondary sources.
Another example is when
the data show that there is not
even one facility in the community
that can be used for recreations of
children. Social skills are
developed in the young children
when they play or mingle with
other kids in the neighborhood.
Because of the lack of space for
recreation, the children are
deprived of their right and
opportunity for social growth
which is essential for their total
development. Therefore, one of the needs that may be establish in such situation is
the need to provide children the opportunities for social growth.

ACTIVITY

IDENTIFYING THE NEEDS OF A COMMUNITY

Read and analyze the report on a particular community and make a list of
the possible needs in the area that will require intervention.
Barangay A is located in a highly urbanized city, the number of households
is 1,000 with an average of 8 persons in each household. Sixty percent of the
population are below 18 years old. More than 50 percent of the adult population
did not finish high school and about ten percent were not able to complete
elementary. The barangay has 2 recreation facilities, one located beside a daycare
center and the other near the church. Most residents get their source of livelihood
from employment.

WRAP–UP
Before we end today’s let’s try to find out how much you’ve learned
from this module. What is a needs assessment? Why is it necessary prior to the
creation of a community action plan? How will you assess the needs of a
community?

VALUING
Engaging in a community action plan requires not just shear desire to help.
A volunteer must have the knowledge of the community and the passion for service.
When was the last time you took part in community-building activities in your own
community? Did you volunteer for the project? If you did, then you must have that
passion to be relevant to your community. Keep it up and continue working for the
good of your community.

POSTTEST
Multiple Choice:​ Pick from the choices provided below what you think is the best
answer for each of the items.
Answer choices:
A. Prelusive data B. Geographical features
C. Public service facilities D. Economic activities
1. Forty percent of the population in Joey’s barangay are professionals. __________
2. Most of the people in the community are engage in farming. __________
3. There is a newly renovated multipurpose hall in the community which was built
by the city government. __________
4. There is a barangay outpost near the gate of the elementary school. __________
5. There are two rivers in Elmer’s place which serve as the drain for water after the
heavy rains. _________

KEY TO CORRECTION
​

References
Andres, Tomas Quintin D., COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: A Manual, New Day
Publishers, Quezon City, 1988.
“Chapter 3. Assessing Community Needs and Resources | Section 1. Developing a
Plan for Assessing Local Needs and Resources | Main Section | Community
Tool Box.” 2018. Ku.Edu. 2018.
 https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/assessment/assessing-community
-needs-and-resources/develop-a-plan/main.
Community Needs Assessments | Learning to Give.” 2020. Learningtogive.Org.
2020.
https://www.learningtogive.org/resources/community-needs-assessments.
Espinas, Arnold L., REFERENCE TEXT IN NSTP CWTS, Mutya Publishing House,
Malabon City, 2010.
Neubeck, Kenneth J., Neubeck, Mary Alice and Glasberg, Davita S., SOCIAL
PROBLEMS A CRITICAL APPROACH, McGraw Hill, New York, USA, 2007.
Panopio, Isabel S. et. al., GENERAL SOCIOLOGY: Focus on the Philippines, Third
Edition, Ken Incorporated, Quezon City, Philippines, 1994.