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PLC Programming Languages Report-1

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PLC Programming Languages Report-1

Uploaded by

btme266j2020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PLC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

INTRUDUCTION

PLCs are crucial in industrial automation, used to control machinery and processes. The efficiency
and functionality of PLCs depend heavily on the programming languages used to instruct them. The
purpose of this lab is to get a better understanding of the working principle of PLCs. This lab report
explores the various programming languages used in PLCs, their features, advantages and typical
applications.

BAGROUND THEORY

A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a specialized computer used to control machines and
processes. It uses a programmable memory to store instructions and execute specific functions that
include on/off control, timing, counting, sequencing, arithmetic, and data handling.

PLC was used to replace relay logic because they offer several advantages over conventional relay
type of control. PLC programming language refers to the method in which a user communicates
information to the PLC. These languages are usually five;

1.Ladder diagram (LD)- graphical depiction of a process with rungs of logic similar to the relay ladder
logic schemes that were replaced by PLCs

2.Sequential functional chart (SFC)- Flow chart of steps(one or more actions) and transitions

3.Instruction list (IL)- Assembler-type, text-based language for building small applications or
optimizing complex systems

4.Functional block diagram (FBD)- Graphical depiction of process flow using simple and complex
building blocks that ranges from analogue I/O to closed-loop control, algorithm and diagnostics

5.Structured Text (ST)- Language developed for IEC to provide high level syntax using if and then
statements

OBJECTIVES

1. To understand different PLC programming languages


2. To compare the features and applications of each language
3. To implement logic gates using selected PLC programming languages

APPARATUS

1. A desktop with installed programming software e.g. logo soft, Dev C++
2. Simulation software V-lab
OBSERVATION

Ladder diagram

NOT GATE

XNOR GATE

XOR GATE
NAND GATE

NOR GATE

OR GATE

AND GATE
Functional block diagram

AND block OR block

NOT block NOR block

NAND block XOR

NXOR block
Structural text

AND gate

OR gate

NOT gate

NOR gate
NAND gate

XNOR gate

XOR gate
ANALYSIS

Each PLC programming languages has distinct features that make it suitable for specific types of
control tasks. Ladder logics graphical nature makes it accessible and easy to debug ideal for simple
control tasks. Function block diagram is effective for complex logical operations and process control.
Structured test is versatile and powerful for advanced programming needs

CONCLUSIONS

PLC programming languages are tailored to different control scenarios. Understanding their
appropriate language for a given task. The implementation exercise demonstrates the practical
aspects of each language highlighting their syntax and usage in real world.

REFERENCE
1.Gary Dunning, “Introduction Programmable Logic Controllers”, CENGAGE Learning, 3rd Ed., 2006.

2.John R. Hackworth, Frederick D. Hackworth Jr., “Programmable Logic Controllers”, Pearson, 2004.

3.Bolton, “Programmable Logic Controllers”, Elsevier, 4th Ed., 2006.

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