Cattle Detecting System In Agriculture

A
Minor Project Report
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Internet of Things

Submitted to

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute, Vidisha

(An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to RGPV, Bhopal)
Submitted by

AKSHAT JAIN (0108IO211003)

ANSHITA MATHUR (0108IO211009)
ARYAMBA YADAV (0108IO211012)
KRITIKA CHOUHAN (0108IO211034)
RADHIKA RAGHUWANSHI (0108IO211046)

Under the supervision of

Prof. Rashi Kumar Ma’am
Assistant Professor

Department of Information Technology

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute
Vidisha (M.P.) – 464001

June 2024
 Contents

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................... 3

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 5

METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................................... 6

HOW WE IMPLEMENTED .......................................................................................................................... 7

Node MCU ESP8266 .......................................................................................................... 8

IR Sensor............................................................................................................................. 8

Power Supply ...................................................................................................................... 8

IMPLEMENTATION ..................................................................................................................................... 9

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM .................................................................................................................................. 10

CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................ 11

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................. 12
 ABSTRACT

Cattle farming is a vital part of the agricultural industry. However, one of the challenges that
farmers face is the difficulty in monitoring their cattle and preventing them from wandering
outside the designated area. This project aims to address this problem by developing a cattle
detection system using IR sensors and a Node MCU board.

The system consists of three IR sensors placed at the entrances to a field, which detect when
a cattle enters the field. The sensor data is sent to a Node MCU board, which is programmed
to generate alerts over the internet using a Blynk server. The alerts can be received on a
smartphone, or any device connected to the internet. Additionally, a buzzer is used to
generate sound alerts for people in the vicinity of the field.

The project involves the use of the Arduino IDE to write the code for the system and the
installation of the sensors, Node MCU board, and buzzer at the entrances to the field. The
sensors are connected to the Node MCU board, which processes the data and sends it to the
Blynk server. The Blynk app is used to configure the alerts and receive notifications.

The system is intended to help farmers monitor the movement of their cattle and prevent
them from wandering outside the designated area. With this system, farmers can receive
alerts in real-time and respond quickly to any issues that arise.

In conclusion, the cattle detection system developed in this project provides an innovative
solution to the problem of monitoring cattle in a field. It combines the use of IR sensors, a

Node MCU board. This project can be useful for farmers, agricultural companies, and
anyone involved in the cattle farming industry.
 OBJECTIVE

This project aims to develop a cattle detection system using IR sensors and a
Node MCU board to help farmers monitor the movement of their cattle and
prevent them from wandering outside the designated area. The system consists
of three IR sensors placed at the entrances to a field, which detect when a cattle
enters the field. The sensor data is sent to a NodeMCU board, which is
programmed to generate alerts over the internet using a Blynk server.
Additionally, a buzzer is used to generate sound alerts for people in the vicinity
of the field.
 INTRODUCTION

Cattle farming is an essential component of the agricultural industry, providing

food and resources for millions of people worldwide. However, one of the
challenges that farmers face is the difficulty in monitoring their cattle and
preventing them from wandering outside the designated area. Traditional
methods of monitoring cattle can be time-consuming, labour-intensive, and
unreliable. Therefore, there is a need for innovative solutions to improve the
efficiency and productivity of cattle farming.
 METHODOLOGY

An IoT-based livestock detection system for agricultural typically consists of

many main components: sensors, data processing, communication networks, and
a user interface. First, the cattle are fitted with various sensors such as GPS,
RFID tags, accelerometers, and temperature sensors, which collect real-time data
on their position, movement, and vital signs. These sensors send data wirelessly
to a central processing unit via communication technologies such as LoRaWAN,
Wi-Fi, and cellular networks. The data is then processed and analysed with
machine learning algorithms to identify patterns, abnormalities, and behaviours
that indicate health problems or strange motions. The processed data is kept in a
cloud-based platform, where farmers can access it via a user-friendly interface,
such as a mobile app or web dashboard. This interface offers real-time
notifications and reports.
 HOW WE IMPLEMENTED

The components required for implementing this project:

1. Three IR sensors

2. Node MCU board

3. Buzzer

4. 5V power supply

5. USB cable

The power supply can be a standard 5V USB power supply with a micro-USB cable to power
the Node MCU board. We can also use a battery pack or any other 5V power supply with a
micro-USB cable.

Choosing the right IR sensors that are compatible with the NodeMCU board, and a buzzer
with a suitable voltage and current rating for this project.

Also, appropriate jumper wires are required for the prototype to connect the components to
the NodeMCU board and power supply.
Node MCU ESP8266

This microprocessor supports RTOS and operates at 80MHz to 160 MHz adjustable clock
frequency. NodeMCU has 128 KB RAM and 4MB of Flash memory to store data and
programs.

IR Sensor
An infrared sensor is an electronic device, that emits to sense some aspects of the
surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion.
These types of sensors measure only infrared radiation, rather than emitting it that is called
a passive IR sensor.

Power Supply
A power supply is a device that supplies power to another device, at a specific voltage level,
voltage type and current level.
 IMPLEMENTATION

Choosing hardware: We will need three IR sensors, a NodeMCU board, and a buzzer. We
may also need some wires, a breadboard, and a power source (such as a battery or a USB
cable).

Connecting the IR sensors: Connect the IR sensors to the NodeMCU board. We will need to
connect the power and ground pins, as well as the signal pins. we can use a breadboard to
make the connections.

Writing the code: Use the Arduino IDE to write the code for our project. we will need to
program the NodeMCU board to read the data from the IR sensors and send it to the Blynk
server. we will also need to program the buzzer to generate a sound alert when a cattle enters
the field.

Set up the Blynk server: Create an account on the Blynk server and create a new project.
Use the Blynk app to connect our NodeMCU board to the project. we will need to get the
authentication token from the project and include it in our code.

Test the system: Once we have written the code and set up the Blynk server, test the system
to make sure it is working correctly. Place the IR sensors at the entrances to the field and
test the buzzer and the Blynk alerts.

Install the system: Once we are satisfied that the system is working correctly, install it at the
entrances to the field. Make sure the NodeMCU board is connected to a power source and
the buzzer is loud enough to be heard from a distance.

Monitor the system: Monitor the system to make sure it continues to work correctly over
time. Check the Blynk app regularly for alerts and make sure the buzzer is still generating a
sound alert when a cattle enters the field.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the project to develop a cattle detection system using IR sensors,

a Node MCU, and a buzzer can be an effective solution for improving cattle
management and reducing the risk of cattle loss on a farm. The system provides
real-time monitoring of cattle movements and can automate the monitoring
process, freeing up farmers to focus on other tasks. By alerting farmers when
cattle enter or leave the field, the system can help reduce the risk of loss or theft
and improve overall herd health. Additionally, the use of wireless sensors and
machine learning can help reduce the overall cost of monitoring and
management. Overall, this project has the potential to provide significant
benefits to farmers and improve the overall efficiency and productivity of a cattle
farm.
 REFERENCES

[1]. "Cattle Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks" by Hao Li et al.

[2].
"Real-time Monitoring of Cattle Grazing Behavior using Machine Learning" by Emily
K. Miller et al.

[3].
"A Cattle Monitoring System Based on Multi-sensor Fusion and Wireless Sensor
Networks." by Huiming Sun et al.

[4].
"Cattle Detection and Tracking Using Machine Learning and Computer Vision
Techniques" by Sreeraj M et al.

[5].
"Cattle Health Monitoring Using Machine Learning and Wireless Sensor Networks"
by Mohammad Mehedi Hassan et al.

[6].
"Cattle Behavior Recognition Using Wearable Sensors and Machine Learning" by
Shyam S. Pandey et al.

[7].
"A Cattle Location and Behavior Monitoring System Based on GPS and Wireless
Sensor Networks" by Guangwei Wang et al.

[8]. "Cattle Monitoring System Based on RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks" by Hong
Yang et al.