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HTML Introduction

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HTML Introduction

Uploaded by

rajsaini088
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to HTML, CSS, and XML

HTML (HyperText Markup Language):


HTML is the standard language used to create and design web pages. It defines the structure of
the webpage by organizing content into elements such as headings, paragraphs, links, images,
tables, and forms. HTML is a markup language, meaning it uses a system of tags to describe the
structure of web content. Tags are enclosed within angle brackets, e.g., <html>, <body>, <h1>,
<p>, etc.

HTML5 is the latest version of HTML, and it introduced many new features such as improved
support for multimedia (audio, video), better support for mobile devices, and semantic tags (e.g.,
<header>, <footer>, <article>) to improve the structure and accessibility of web pages.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):


CSS is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in HTML or
XML. It controls the layout, colors, fonts, spacing, and other visual aspects of a webpage. CSS
allows designers and developers to create responsive and visually appealing websites by
separating the structure (HTML) from the presentation (CSS).

CSS can be written in different ways:

 Inline CSS: Directly within HTML elements using the style attribute.
 Internal CSS: Inside a <style> block in the HTML document's <head>.
 External CSS: Stored in a separate .css file that is linked to the HTML document.

CSS has advanced with frameworks like Bootstrap, which simplifies web design by providing
pre-built design components.

XML (Extensible Markup Language):


XML is a markup language similar to HTML but focuses on storing and transporting data.
Unlike HTML, XML does not have predefined tags; instead, it allows users to create custom tags
that describe the data. XML is mainly used for data exchange between systems, as it allows for a
clear structure that can be easily understood and processed by both humans and machines.

An XML document begins with a declaration that defines the version and encoding, followed by
tags that define the structure of the data. For example:

xml
Copy code
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<book>
<title>Programming Fundamentals</title>
<author>John Doe</author>
<year>2024</year>
</book>
While HTML and CSS are mainly used for web development, XML is commonly used in data
exchange, configurations, and document storage.

Relationship between HTML, CSS, and XML

 HTML defines the content and structure of web pages.


 CSS controls the layout and style, making HTML content visually appealing.
 XML provides a method to store and transport data that can be used with both HTML
and CSS in web applications.

Together, HTML, CSS, and XML form the backbone of modern web design and web application
development. HTML and CSS create the user interface, while XML handles the behind-the-
scenes data handling.

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