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Technical Activities

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sufiyanshahgillani09
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35 views10 pages

Technical Activities

Uploaded by

sufiyanshahgillani09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Title Technical Activity Competition Ideas

Subtitle Exploring Innovative Solution

Organize Abuzar Gaffari


d BY
M. Sufiyan Shah

Zeeshan Raza

M.Muzammal

Under Mam Anum Mughees


Guidanc
e
1.Automatic Gate opener

 Components used:
Arduino

UltraSonic sensor

Servo Motor

Breadboard

 Working:
In this we were implemented a automatic tollgate system. Detecting the car
using ultrasonic sensor the arduino gives instruction to servo motor to rise the toll gate.

 Circuit Connections:
Ultrasonic sensor ---- Arduino

Tigger pin --- digital pin 6


Tcho pin --- digital pin 7
Vcc --- 5v
Gnd --- Gnd

Servo motor

Control signal of servo motor (ORANGE) ---- Digital pin Number 9 of


arduino
Vcc of servo motor (RED) ----- 5v of arduino
GND of servo motor (BLACK) ----- GND of arduino

 Code:
#include <Servo.h>
Servo myservo;

int pos = 0;

int cm = 0;

long readUltrasonicDistance(int triggerPin, int echoPin)


{
pinMode(triggerPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(triggerPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
return pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
}

void setup() {
digitalWrite(12,LOW);
myservo.attach(9);
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
cm = 0.01723 * readUltrasonicDistance(6, 7);

if(cm<30){
Serial.print(cm);
Serial.println("cm");

for (pos = 0; pos <= 120; pos += 1) {


myservo.write(pos);
delay(15);
}
delay(500);

for (pos = 120; pos >= 0; pos -= 1) {


myservo.write(pos);
delay(15);
}
delay(5000); //add delay how much you want
}
}

 Circuit diagram :

 Final Look:
 Cost Analysis:
Ardunino Uno 1800/Availiable in FYP Lab
Servo Motor 350 to 400
Ultrasonic Sensor 300
Breadboard 150/Availiable in FYP Lab
Total Cost approximately by online 2700 pkr.

2.Automatic Water Tap Using Arduino

 Components:
Arduino uno
Jumper Cable
Breadboard
Ultrasonic sensor
Small Water Pump Motor
Relay Chanel one

 Working:
In this project we make a automatic water tap that will work when we take
something in front of ultrasonic sensor by using arduino.

 Circuit Diagram:
 Code:
// Define pins for ultrasonic sensor
const int trigPin = 9;
const int echoPin = 10;

// Define pin for LED


const int ledPin = 13;

// Define the threshold distance in cm


const int thresholdDistance = 10;

void setup() {
// Initialize serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);

// Set the pins as input or output


pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

// Turn off the LED initially


digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}

void loop() {
// Send a 10us pulse to trigger the sensor
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

// Read the echo pin


long duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// Calculate the distance


int distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;

// Print the distance for debugging


Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println(" cm");

// Turn on the LED if the object is within the threshold distance


if (distance <= thresholdDistance) {
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
} else {
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}

// Small delay before the next measurement


delay(100);
}

 Final Look:
 Cost Analysis:
Arduino 1900/Availiable in FYP lab
Small water Pump 400
Ultrasonic sensor 300/Availiable in FYP lab
One chanel Relay 180
Bread Board 150/Availiable in FYP lab
Jumper cable 100/Availiable in FYP lab
12 Volt Battery 150

Total cost Approximately by online 3200 pkr .

3.DIY Electronic Piano Circuit on Breadboard

 Components:

555 Timer IC 260


8 Ohm Speaker 120
6 x Momentary Push Button Switches 40
Capacitors: 100nF, 10uF 630
Resistors: 6 x 1K, 4.7K 50
Breadboard 150
Few Breadboard Connectors 100
(5-9)V Power Supply 20

 Circuit Diagram:
 Working:

In one of the previous tutorial (Adjustable Flashing/Blinking LED Circuit using 555
Timer IC) we have learnt how changing the value of resistor in series with the capacitor
changes the flashing rate (Frequency). And the relation is of inverse proportionality i.e, if
the value of resistance in series to the capacitor is large, the frequency will be less, and
vice versa. You may refer to that tutorial for better understanding of how the values of
resistors and capacitor influence the output frequency.

Formula for calculating the frequency of the output sound/tone:

Frequency (f) = 1.44 / ( (R1 + 2 * R2) x C1 )

In the circuit we made, the value of R1 is 1K and C1 is 100n. After replacing these values
in the above formula, we have:

Frequency (f) = 1.44 / ( (1000 + 2 * R2) x 10-7 )

We can also rearrange the formula to calculate the value of resistor we need to use for
any frequency required:

Resistance (R2) = ( ( 1.44 x 107 ) / f ) - 500

If you have any queries/suggestions, feel free to post them in the comments section of
this video: DIY Electric Piano Circuit using 555 timer IC
 Final LOOK:

 Cost Analysis:

555 Timer IC 260


8 Ohm Speaker 120
6 x Momentary Push Button Switches 40
Capacitors: 100nF, 10uF 630
Resistors: 6 x 1K, 4.7K 50
Breadboard 150
Few Breadboard Connectors 100
(5-9)V Power Supply 20

Total Approximately Cost BY online 1500 pkr.

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