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Quick Sort

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7/30/2021 Data Structure and Algorithms - Quick Sort - Tutorialspoint

Data Structure and Algorithms - Quick Sort

Quick sort is a highly efficient sorting algorithm and is based on partitioning of array of data into smaller arrays. A large array is
partitioned into two arrays one of which holds values smaller than the specified value, say pivot, based on which the partition is made
and another array holds values greater than the pivot value.
Quicksort partitions an array and then calls itself recursively twice to sort the two resulting subarrays. This algorithm is quite efficient
for large-sized data sets as its average and worst-case complexity are O(n2), respectively.

Partition in Quick Sort


Following animated representation explains how to find the pivot value in an array.

The pivot value divides the list into two parts. And recursively, we find the pivot for each sub-lists until all lists contains only one
element.

Quick Sort Pivot Algorithm


Based on our understanding of partitioning in quick sort, we will now try to write an algorithm for it, which is as follows.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/quick_sort_algorithm.htm 1/3
7/30/2021 Data Structure and Algorithms - Quick Sort - Tutorialspoint

Step 1 − Choose the highest index value has pivot


Step 2 − Take two variables to point left and right of the list excluding pivot
Step 3 − left points to the low index
Step 4 − right points to the high
Step 5 − while value at left is less than pivot move right
Step 6 − while value at right is greater than pivot move left
Step 7 − if both step 5 and step 6 does not match swap left and right
Step 8 − if left ≥ right, the point where they met is new pivot

Quick Sort Pivot Pseudocode


The pseudocode for the above algorithm can be derived as −

function partitionFunc(left, right, pivot)


leftPointer = left
rightPointer = right - 1

while True do
while A[++leftPointer] < pivot do
//do-nothing
end while

while rightPointer > 0 && A[--rightPointer] > pivot do


//do-nothing
end while

if leftPointer >= rightPointer


break
else
swap leftPointer,rightPointer
end if

end while

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/quick_sort_algorithm.htm 2/3
7/30/2021 Data Structure and Algorithms - Quick Sort - Tutorialspoint

swap leftPointer,right
return leftPointer

end function

Quick Sort Algorithm


Using pivot algorithm recursively, we end up with smaller possible partitions. Each partition is then processed for quick sort. We
define recursive algorithm for quicksort as follows −

Step 1 − Make the right-most index value pivot


Step 2 − partition the array using pivot value
Step 3 − quicksort left partition recursively
Step 4 − quicksort right partition recursively

Quick Sort Pseudocode


To get more into it, let see the pseudocode for quick sort algorithm −

procedure quickSort(left, right)

if right-left <= 0
return
else
pivot = A[right]
partition = partitionFunc(left, right, pivot)
quickSort(left,partition-1)
quickSort(partition+1,right)
end if

end procedure

To know about quick sort implementation in C programming language, please click here .

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/quick_sort_algorithm.htm 3/3

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