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LUYỆN TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU

PHẦN 04
#hasuenglishclass
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 5.
A nuclear family, elementary family or conjugal family is a family group
consisting of parents and their children (one or more). It is in contrast to a single-
parent family, the larger extended family, or a family with more than two parents.
Nuclear families typically center on a married couple which may have any number of
children. There are differences in definition among observers. Some definitions allow
only biological children that are full-blood siblings and consider adopted or half and
step siblings a part of the immediate family, but others allow for a stepparent and any
mix of dependent children including stepchildren and adopted children. Some
sociologists and anthropologists consider the nuclear family as the most basic form of
social organization, while others consider the extended family structure to be the
most common family structure in most cultures and at most times.
Although the term nuclear family was popularized in the 20th century, it has been the
dominant form of family structure for centuries in Europe. In the United States, the
nuclear family became the most common form of family structure in the 1960s and
1970s. Since that time, the number of North American nuclear families is gradually
decreasing, while the number of alternative family formations has increased; this
phenomenon is generally opposed by members of such philosophies as social
conservatism or familialism, which consider the nuclear family structure important.
(Adapted from
https://en.wikipedia.or
g)
Question 1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The gradual decline of nuclear family
B. An introduction to nuclear family
C. The differences between two most common types of family
D. Experts’ attitudes towards different kinds of family
Question 2. The word ‘It’ in paragraph 1 refers to .
A. group B. single-parent family
C. extended family D. nuclear family
Question 3. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is stated regarding the
family?
A. A nuclear family always contains a husband and wife, plus two children.
B. There is a general consensus shared among theorists as to what constitutes a nuclear
family.
C. Experts in societal and human behaviour believe a nuclear family is primarily

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responsible for social order.

D. The extended family is less acknowledged across cultures as the most common
family structure.
Question 4. The word ‘dominant’ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A. primary B. hesitant C. weak D. Humble
Question 5. Which of the following is true, according to the passage?
A. In Europe, nuclear families only started in the 20th century.
B. In the United States, the nuclear family is not as common as it was in the 1960s.
C. Post 1970, the number of nuclear families within the US witnessed steady growth.
D. Familialism is a branch of philosophy that rejects the idea of a nuclear family being
important.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 6 to 12.
For most of us, it is not difficult to conjure up rosy memories of our
childhoods. Perhaps you recall a favorite pet, a much loved toy, or a special place.
For this writer, that place was my grandparents' old farm, where I played with flocks
of friendly lambs and feasted on warm, delicious chocolate chip cookies straight
from my nana's oven. However, it's a funny thing about that memory-it turns out that
most of it isn't true. According to my mother, I was actually miserable during my
visits to the farm. She says that there were no lambs-I had that mixed up with a visit
to a petting zoo when I was older-but rather a herd of surly cows that frightened me
to the point of tears. As for my grandmother's cookies, I recently persuaded her to
bake them for me again, and the results were dry and disappointing. Perhaps my
nana's baking skills have deserted her, but that still doesn't explain the other
inaccuracies in my recollections. The reality is that our memories are simply not that
reliable. According to Elizabeth Loftus. a professor of psychology at the University
of California and an authority on memory. "Our memories have a superiority
complex. We remember we got better grades than we did, that we gave more money
to charity than we did, that our kids walked and talked earlier than they really did."
In fact, Loftus and her colleagues have learned that our memories do not just
exaggerate in some cases, they out-and-out lie. In one well-known experiment.
Loftus asked test subjects to read aloud four descriptions of events which they were
told were gathered from family members and had actually happened to them. In fact,
only three were true, while the fourth-an account of being lost in a shopping mall at
age five-had never happened to any of the subjects. In follow-up interviews,
however, 25% of the subjects claimed that they clearly remembered the false incident
often embellishing the memory with vivid details straight from their own
imaginations.
The implications of these findings are far-ranging. We all know that childhood
memories have profound and long-lasting effects on our relationships with our
family, friends, and spouses. If we can't trust our memories, how can we trust the

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people closest to us? Memories also play a crucial role in self- esteem: we are what
we remember. We depend on our memories to do well at school, to remember vital
skills in the workplace to keep us safe by reminding us of past mistakes, and to cheer
us up by recalling past triumphs. In addition, the police rely on accurate eyewitness
accounts to bring criminals to justice and keep the public safe, but Marc Green, an
expert on memory and witness testimony has stated that these recollections become
less accurate with each retelling.
No matter where the science leads us, one fact remains the same. Memories are
the foundations of our lives. They are the glue that holds together families,
friendships, and marriages. Good or bad, accurate or not, where would we be without
them? Perhaps what really matters isn't how my nana's cookies actually tasted all
those years ago, but the happy times we spent together baking and enjoying them.
(Adapted from Skillful Reading and Writing by Mike Boyle and
Lindsay Warwick)
Question 6. Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. Ditch Past Memories - Why they don’t Matter
B. Taking Trips down Memory Lane - why they’re so Amazing
C. Can we Really Trust our Childhood Memories?
D. Living without Memories: Where would we Really Be?
Question 7. The phrase ‘conjure up’ in paragraph 1 mostly means .
A. recite B. clear C. replay D. evoke
Question 8. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is a claim made by the
writer?
A. People struggle to recall events from their childhood.
B. Her memories of her farm visits were not in conjunction with her mother’s accounts.
C. As a child, she felt her nana’s cookies were far from delicious.
D. She vividly recalled petting lambs on her grandparents farm.
Question 9. The word ‘they’ in paragraph 2 refers to .
A. colleagues B. cases C. memories D. subjects
Question 10. The word ‘triumphs’ in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .
A. pleasures B. achievements C. luxuries D. thrills
Question 11. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. Childhood memories play an important role in harnessing relationships with
relatives.
B. How we recall memories is closely linked to a person’s self-esteem.
C. Memories are seldom used in the workplace.
D. Memories diminish in accuracy each time a person recalls them.
Question 12. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Memories are useless because they are inaccurate.
B. Despite the imprecision associated with memories, they are still fundamental to life.
C. It’s essential to be able to recall the taste of cookies at all times.
D. Everyone exaggerates their memories and there are no exceptions to the rule.

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THI ONLINE:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 5.
Most people want to be polite and behave well around others. Being polite
involves good manners of eating and appropriate ways of greeting and talking to
people, and giving and receiving gifts. Polite behaviours may differ from culture to
culture.
In the United States, people prefer to shake hands firmly for a few seconds. In
some Middle Eastern countries, people hold each other’s hands gently for a longer
time. What about eye contact? In some countries, you show respect when you look at
someone directly in the eyes. In other parts of the world, looking at someone directly
can be rude. Another difference is personal space. In North America, people usually
stand about an arm's length apart during a conversation. However, in Latin to stand
closer.
If you are going to live, work, or study in another country, you should learn about
its culture. In this way, you can be polite and make a good impression. Politeness can
be good for making friends and doing business as well.
(Adapted from Skills for Success by
McVeigh and Bixby)
Question 1: What is the passage mainly about?
A. Politeness in different cultures B. Table manners around the world
C. Giving and receiving gifts D. Greeting and talking to people
Question 2: According to paragraph 2, in which part of the world do people hold
each other’s hands gently?
A. In some Middle Eastern countries C. In the United States
C. In North America D. In Latin America
Question 3: The word “rude” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. unclear B. careful C. impolite D. friendly
Question 4: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT mentioned
as an example of differences in politeness around the world?
A. shaking hands B. personal space C. eye contact D. facial expressions
Question 5: The word its in paragraph 3 refers to
A. conversation B. country C. space D. arm

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 6 to 12.
Hawaii is often considered to be one place in the world where you can find
paradise. But when I arrived in Hawaii, I was shocked to discover beaches were
covered in plastic rubbish washed up from around the world. As I dug through the
sand, I realised the sandy beach was being transformed into a plastic beach. A chill

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went down my spine.

From the beaches of Hawaii to the seas around Britain, we are polluting our own
environment. Beaches are now covered in more rubbish than ever before. The plastic
we see on our beaches is just a small amount of the plastic waste that exists in our
oceans. Scientists believe that sea currents have created five huge garbage areas in
our oceans, including the one in the North Atlantic. This is a global problem for
which we are all responsible.
Plastic makes our life easier, but its production and use are completely out of
control. Because plastic rubbish in the oceans looks like food, it is being eaten by
small fish, which in turn is eaten by large fish, which in turn is eaten by us. Plastic is
damaging our beaches, polluting the oceans, and poisoning our food chain. The
consequences are still not fully understood, but they are likely to be terrible.
We need to stop using plastic bags for packaging and single-use water bottles. These
make up most of the plastic garbage in the oceans. In Bangladesh and Kenya, they
have stopped using plastic bags completely. The UK has put a tax on plastic bags.
Many supermarkets around the world are not packing goods in plastic.
The future of our beaches, our seas, and the food chain is at risk. This is an
environmental problem that we need to solve immediately.
(Adapted from Headway by Soars,
Soars and Hancock)
Question 6: Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Common Plastic Products B. A Green Lifestyle
C. Benefits of Plastic Products D. A Planet Poisoned by Plastic
Question 7: The word transformed in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. changed B. placed C. checked D. broken
Question 8: The word they in paragraph 3 refers to .
A. beaches B. fish C. consequences D. oceans
Question 9: According to paragraph 4, both Bangladesh and Kenya .
A. have used more and more plastic bags B. have produced a lot of plastic bags
C. do not use plastic bags any more D. encourage the use of plastic bags
Question 10: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Hawaii is protected from plastic rubbish.
B. One huge garbage area in the oceans is in the North Atlantic.
C. The UK has introduced a tax on plastic bags.
D. Production and use of plastic are now out of control.
Question 11: The phrase at risk in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to
A. refused B. accepted C. threatened D. developed
Question 12: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The environment in Hawaii was not as good as the writer had expected.
B. There is far more plastic waste on the beaches than in the oceans.
C. Plastic helps maintain the natural food chain in the oceans.

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D. People in the past were more concerned about the effects of plastic waste.

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