OUR OWN HIGH SCHOOL, AL WARQA’A, DUBAI
CHAPTER: CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS
______________________________________________________________________________
1. Write the next higher homologue of the following:
i) C3H6 ii) C5H8
2. Draw the structure of i) Ethanol (C2H5OH) ii) Ethene iii) Ethanoic acid
iv) Butanone( C2H5 CO CH3) v) Ethyne vi) Chloropentane vii) Ethanal
viii) Bromopentane ix) Pentanal (C4H9CHO)
3. Name the functional group present in: i) Propanone (CH3COCH3) ii) Propanal (C3H6O)
4. List and explain in brief the two properties of carbon which lead to huge number of
carbon compound we see around us.
5. Explain the following terms:
(a) Tetravalency (b) Catenation.
6. Why does carbon form compounds having low melting and boiling point?
7. What are isomers? Draw the structural isomers of butane.
8. Write the name of the following compounds
State the functional group present in each compound.
9. How many covalent bonds does a molecule of ethane (C2H6) have? Draw its structure to
justify your answer.
10. Name the fourth member of alkene series.
11. What is covalent bond? Write two characteristics features of covalent compounds.
12. With the help of electron dot representation explain the formation of O2 molecule.
13. Write the IUPAC names of :
i) CH3-CH2-CHO ii) CH3-CH2-OH
14. What is a homologous series of organic compounds? List any two characteristics of a
homologous series.
15. A cyclic compound X has molecular formula C6H6. It is unsaturated and burns with a
sooty flame. Identify X and write its structural formula. Will it decolourise bromine water
or not and why?
16. Draw the electron dot structure of CH3Cl.
17. Which two of the following compounds belong to same homologous series?
C2H6O, C2H6O2, C2H6, CH4O
18. Give reasons for the following:
i) Unsaturated hydrocarbons show addition reactions but not saturated hydrocarbons.
ii) Conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid is considered as oxidation reaction.
iii) Saturated hydrocarbons burn with a blue flame while unsaturated hydrocarbons burn
with a sooty flame.
iv) Ethanol is used in the preparation of tincture iodine.
v) Ethanoic acid is used in the preservation of pickles.
vi) Bottoms of cooking vessels get blackened.
19. Complete the following reactions:
20. An organic compound X is a liquid which freezes during winter in cold countries. It has
molecular formula C2H4O2. On warming with ethanol in the presence of a few drops of
Conc.H2SO4, a compound Y with sweet smell is formed.
i) Identify X and Y.
ii) Write chemical reaction for the reaction involved.
iii) What is glacial acetic acid? Why is it named so? State its two uses.
21. Why are soaps not considered as effective cleansing agent?
22. i) What is esterification? Give one example.
ii) What happens when ethanol is heated at 443K with Conc.H2SO4?
iii) Differentiate between addition reactions and substitution reactions shown by
hydrocarbons.
23. Give a chemical test to distinguish between
i) Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
ii) Ethanol and ethanoic acid.
iii) Vegetable oil and animal fat.
iv) Butter and cooking oil.
24. What is substitution reaction? Why the reaction between methane and chlorine is
considered a substitution reaction?
25. An organic compound A is widely used as a preservative in pickles and has a molecular
formula C2H4O2. This compound reacts with ethanol to form a sweet smelling compound
B.
i) Identify the compound A.
ii) Write the chemical equation for its reaction with ethanol to form compound B.
iii) How can we get compound A from B?
iv) Name the process and write the corresponding equation.
v) Which gas is produced when compound A reacts with washing soda? Write the
chemical equation.
26. Describe an activity to show the formation of an ester in the school laboratory.
27. What are soaps? Explain the mechanism of the cleansing action of soaps.
28. An organic compound A on heating with Conc.H2SO4 forms a compound B which on
addition of one mole of hydrogen in presence of Nickel forms a compound C. One mole
of C on combustion forms 2 moles of CO2 and 3 moles of H2O. Identify the compounds
A, B and C and write the equations for the reactions involved.
29. Identify the compounds A to E in the following reaction sequence:
30. Two carbon compounds A and B have the molecular formula C3H8 and C3H6
respectively. Which one of the two is most likely to show addition reaction? Explain with
the help of a chemical equation, how an addition reaction is useful in industries.
31. A compound C with molecular formula C2H4O2 reacts with sodium metal to form a
compound R and evolves a gas which burns with a pop sound. Compound C on treatment
with an alcohol A in presence of an acid forms a sweet-smelling compound S (molecular
formula C3H6O2). On addition of NaOH to C, it also gives R and water. S on treatment
with NaOH solution gives back R and A. Identify C, R, A and S and write the reactions
involved.
32. An organic compound A is a liquid at room temperature. It is also a good solvent and has
the molecular formula C2H6O. A on oxidation gives compound B which gives
effervescence with sodium hydrogen carbonate. A reacts with B in the presence of Conc.
H2SO4 to give another compound C, which has a pleasant fruity smell. Identify A and C.
Also write the chemical equations for the reactions involved in the formation of B and C.
33. Write chemical reactions to represent what happens when:
i) Ethanol burns in air.
ii) Ethanol is treated with sodium metal.
iii) Ethanol is heated with alkaline KMnO4.
iv) Ethanol is heated with ethanoic acid in presence of few drops of Conc.H2SO4.
v) Ethanol is heated at 443K in presence of Conc.H2SO4.
34. Which of the following hydrocarbons undergo addition reaction?
C2H6, C3H6, C2H2, C3H8
35. i) What is denatured alcohol?
ii) What is hydrogenation? State its industrial application.
36. i) What are micelles? How does the formation of a micelle help to clean the clothes?
ii) Why does micelle formation take place when soap is added to water?
iii) How is scum formed?
iv) Soaps cannot be used with hard water. Why?
37. i) Give the chemical composition of detergents.
ii) Give one advantage of detergents over soaps.
38. Write differences between soaps and detergents under the following heads:
i) Chemical composition.
ii) Action with hard water.
39. How is carboxylic acid different from mineral acids?
40. An organic compound X is an essential constituent of wine and beer. X is responsible for
the intoxication caused by these drinks. Oxidation of X yields an organic acid Y which is
present in vinegar. Name the compounds X and Y and write their structural formulae.
