Scribd
Upload
19 views3 pages

Exp 11

Z BUS

Uploaded by

Kanij Fatema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views3 pages

Exp 11

Z BUS

Uploaded by

Kanij Fatema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

46

Date: 25.09.2024
Experiment No: 11

Experiment Name: Write a generalized MATLAB program to construct the Z-Bus matrix of
a given power system network.

Objective: The experiment aims to create a computer Matlab program that will create the bus
impedance matrix, or Z-bus matrix, of a power system.

Theory: The Z-bus matrix is a crucial matrix utilized in various power system analyses,
including load flow and short circuit studies. The transformer and generator impedances must
be considered in short circuit analysis. When creating the Z-bus matrix in contingency analysis,
the shunt elements are disregarded and the outage distribution factors are calculated. Z-bus is
easily obtained by flipping the Y-bus that was created using an analytical or inspection
procedure. For big systems, taking the inverse of the Y-bus takes a lot of time. Moreover, when
the system is modified, the entire procedure has to be performed to reflect the modifications.
The Z-bus is calculated in these situations using the Z-bus building procedure. The Z bus matrix
is shown in the given form,
V = [Z]I

Component: 1. PC
2. MATLAB

Problem:

Program:
clc ;
clear all ;
close all ;
disp('---------Z BUS Matrix Formation using tree cotree------')
n=input('Enter the number of nodes including reference node: ');
link=input('Enter the number of co-tree: ');
z=[zeros(n-1,n-1)];
47

del=[zeros(n-1,1)];
for i=1:1:n-1
a=input('with which node you want to add branch: ');
for j=1:1:n-1
if a==0
z(i,i)=input(strcat('Enter impedance Z', int2str (i),int2str (i),':'));
break
else
if i==j
z(i,j)= z(a,a)+input(strcat('Enter impedance Z',int2str (a), int2str (i),':'));
else
z(i,j)=z(a,j);
z(j,i)=z(j,a);
end
end
end
end
Zold=z;
for k=1:1:link
disp('Enter node x & y where you want to add co-tree: ');
x=input('x=');
y=input('y=');
Zxy=input(strcat('Enter impedance Z', int2str(x),int2str(y),':'));
z(n,n)=Zxy+z(x,x)+z(y,y)-2*z(x,y);
for j=1:1:n-1
z(n,j)=z(y,j)-z(x,j);
z(j,n)=z(j,y)-z(j,x);
del(j,1)=z(j,n);
end
m=(del*del')/z(n,n);
Znew=Zold-m;
Zold=Znew;
z=Znew;
end
disp('The Z bus Matrix: ');
Znew;
Result:
---------Z BUS Matrix Formation using tree cotree------
Enter the number of nodes including reference node: 4
Enter the number of co-tree: 2
with which node you want to add branch: 0
Enter impedance Z11: 2
with which node you want to add branch: 0
Enter impedance Z22: 4
48

with which node you want to add branch: 1


Enter impedance Z13: 4
Enter node x & y where you want to add co-tree:
x=1
y=2
Enter impedance Z12: 8
Enter node x & y where you want to add co-tree:
x=2
y=3
Enter impedance Z23: 4
The Z bus Matrix:
Znew = 1.60000000000000 0.800000000000000 1.20000000000000
0.800000000000000 2.40000000000000 1.60000000000000
1.20000000000000 1.60000000000000 3.40000000000000

Discussion: The Z-bus matrix, a key component of a power system, is formed through the
addition of branches, links, and cotrees, ensuring proper representation of the system's
impedance and bus values. For resolving the load flow analysis issue, the Bus Admittance
matrix is a very helpful tool. The bus admittance matrix is first created. After that, each
matching node must be provided. In addition, the chosen reference bus resolves the given
network. First, we need to add a tree branch to the reference in order to build a Z-Bus matrix.
The next step is to attach tree branches from the new bus to the old bus. Then adding a cotree
link to connect two already-existing busses. We can quickly construct a Z-Bus matrix by
adhering to this rule.

Conclusion: The Matlab software is utilized to represent the nodal Impedance of various buses
in a power system, providing a detailed simulation of the system under steady state conditions.
This innovative concept offers a glimpse into the real-world operation of the power system.

You might also like