Master IELTS Reports

Nima Khaleghi

Dynamic Diagrams
 X Y

How to select key features:

 Beginning and end points

 Pivot points
 Maximum and minimum
 Upward trends

Upward

Go up: increase: rise: grow (verb)  increase: rise: growth (noun)

Double/ Triple (verb)  a twofold/ threefold rise (noun)
 The
Thefigure
figuredoubled
doubled over
over thethe
nextnext 5 years.
5 years.
 There
Therewaswas a twofold
a twofold riserise over
over the the
nextnext 5 years.
5 years.

A
A sharp
sharpand
andsudden rise:rise:
sudden SoarSoar
(v): Surge (n, v): Jump
(v): Surge (n, v):(n,Jump
v) (n, v)

 The figure rose sharply to 58% in 2014.  The figure soared/surged/jumped to 58% in 2014.
/There was a surge/jump to 58% in 2014.
 Downward trends

Downward

Go down: decrease: fall: drop: decline (verb)  decrease: fall: drop: decline (noun)
Halve (verb)
 The figure halved over the next 10 years.

A sharp and sudden fall: Plunge: Plummet (n, v)

The figure fell sharply to 12% in 2012.  The figure plunged/plummeted to 12% in 2012.
/There was a plunge/plummet to 12% in 2012.
 Stable trends

Stability

Remain stable/unchanged (at): Maintain the same level: Level off (at) (verb)  No change (noun)
 The figure remained (relatively/fairly) stable until 2016.
 There was no change/The figure showed no change until 2016.

 Fluctuate/Peak/Low

Fluctuate Peak / Low

Peak

Low
Fluctuate Peak/Low

Fluctuate (verb)  Fluctuation (noun)

 The figure fluctuated until 2005.

 The figure showed some fluctuation until 2015.

Peak (n, v)
The figure peakedverb at 58% in 2014.
The figure reached/hit a peaknoun of 58% in 2014.

Low (n)
The figure reached/hit a low of 7% in 2005.
 Adjectives and adverbs to describe the change more precisely

Size of change::

Adjective Adverb

Dramatic, Significant, Substantial, Dramatically, Significantly,

Big
Considerable Substantially, Considerably

Medium Moderate, Marked Moderately, Markedly

Small Slight, Minimal, Marginal Slightly, Minimally, Marginally

Speed of change:

Adjective Adverb

Fast Sharp, Rapid, Steep Sharply, Rapidly, Steeply

Slow Gradual, Steady Gradually, Steadily

 Prepositions:

Time:

 In + year/ month  In 2017, In July,

 Reporting the first year of the period: In + year/ In the first year/ Initially/At first
 Reporting the last year of the period: In + year/ At the end of the period
 From … to/ Between …and
Ex: From 2000 to 2015 Or Between 2000 and 2015

 Over the first/ last/ next/ following 5 years

Reporting figures:

 Stand at:
Ex: The figure stood at 20% in the first year.

 From … to
Ex: The figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years.

 By/ of
Ex: In 1990, the figure stood at 20% and roseverb significantly by 40% over the next 10 years.
Ex: In 1990, the figure stood at 20% and saw a significant risenoun of 40% over the next 10 years.
 Structures:

Verb + Adverb

The figure rosev significantlyadv from 20% to 60% over the first 10
years.

Noun + Adjective

1. The figure showed/ saw/ experienced a significantadj risen from 20% to 60% over the first
10 years.

2. There was a significantadj risen from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years [in + X].
 Change the underlined words in the sentences into the form given in brackets and then rewrite the sentences.
1. The category of 'Lifestyle' increased the most consistently and stably. (adjective+ noun)
2. Traffic rose steadily as a reason for moving to the countryside between 1990 and 2000 ... (adjective+ noun)
3. ... but then there was a marked increase between 2000 and 2010. (verb+ adverb)
4. The number of people moving to the countryside for lifestyle reasons grew consistently across the whole period shown in
the graph. (adjective+ noun)
 Tenses:

Past simple: When reporting the trends in the past

 The figure rose significantly to 15 million in 1990.

Past perfect:
 The figure had risen significantly to 15 million by 1990.

Present simple: When reporting trends which have no specific time/ Reporting
the present value of something.
 68% of females aged 16-24 exercise regularly.
 The figure stands at 25 million tones now.

Present perfect: When reporting a trend which started in the past and have
continued until the present time.
 There has been a significant rise since 2000, and the figure now stands at
30 million.

Future:
 The figure will rise significantly to 57% in 2050.
 It is predicted/expected that the figure will rise significantly to 57% in 2050.
 The figure is predicted/expected to rise significantly to 57% in 2050.
 Linking:

And/But

The figure initially stood at 20% and rose significantly to 60% over the first 10 years.

The figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years, but there was a slight decline to 55% in 2005.

Although

The figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years, although there was a slight decline to 55% in
2005.

Although the figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years, there was a slight decline to 55% in
2005.

Before/After

After the figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years, there was a slight decline to 55% in
2005.

The figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years before there was a slight decline/ declining
slightly to 55% in 2005.
After/Following which and [which was] followed by

The figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years, after which there was a slight decline to 55%
in 2005.

The figure rose significantly from 20% to 60% over the first 10 years, [which was] followed by a slight decline to
55% in 2005.

Until… When
The figure initially stood at 20% and rose significantly until 2000, when it reached 60%.
 Overview:

Main trends + comparison_

Band 5 Band 6 Band 7 Band 8

 Generally addresses  Addresses the  Covers the  Covers all
the task; the format requirements of the requirements of the requirements of the
may be inappropriate task task task sufficiently
in places
 Presents an overview  Presents a clear  Presents, highlights
 Recounts detail with information overview of main and illustrates key
mechanically with no appropriately trends, differences or features/ bullet
clear overview; selected stages points clearly and
there may be no data appropriately
 Clearly presents and
to support the  Presents and highlights key
description adequately highlights features/bullet points
key features/ bullet but could be more
 Presents, but points but details fully extended
inadequately covers, may be irrelevant,
key features/ bullet inappropriate or
points; there may be inaccurate
a tendency to focus
on details
Overall, the quantity rose in all modes, except for rail which mainly showed fluctuations. The figure for
road ranked first, while that for pipeline stood last.
Overall, the consumption of all meat types fell, except for chicken which experienced a significant rise.
Although beef was initially the most popular type, it was overtaken by chicken towards the end of the
period.
Overall, CO2 production fell in the UK and Sweden, while there was a dramatic rise in Italy and Portugal,
with the former ranking first throughout the period.
 Practice:
 Model answer:
The line graph illustrates the changes in the percentage of the people aged 65 and above in Japan,
Sweden and the USA from 1940 to 2040.
Overall, this share in all three countries has risen and is expected to continue this trend, though at
different rates. The USA initially ranked first, but it was overtaken by Sweden, although it is predicted
that Japan will have the largest proportion at the end of the period.
In 1940, the figures for the USA and Sweden stood at 9% and 7%, respectively, after which they
experienced a significant rise of roughly 6% until 1980, though the growth was faster in the second
half of the period. Both has fluctuated and the former now stands at its 1980 level, but the latter
overtook it and has reached 17%. Both are expected to rise sharply to 23% and just over 25%,
respectively.
The figure for Japan was 5% at first. It halved over the first 20 years and maintained this level before
rising substantially to 8% in 2022. It is predicted that it will continue this trend until 2030, following
which it will see a jump, overtaking the USA and Sweden in 2034 and reaching 27% at the end of the
period.

MODEL ANSWER BY NIMA KHALEGHI