TTL REVIEWER – MIDTERM

MODULE 1
ICT COMPETENCY STANDARDS FOR PHILIPPINE PRE-SERVICE TEACHER
EDUCATION
Who is better equipped to handle the 21st century learners, a teacher with traditional technology
or a teacher with digital technology?
- This question has been a debatable topic since the start of the 21 century. However, the
CHED and UNESCO provided in 2017 the Policy Standards and Guidelines for Pre-
Service Teacher Education. The program outcomes for teacher education degrees clearly
state that every future teacher must demonstrate proficiency in the development and
utilization of information, communication, and technology resources in promoting quality
teaching-learning process. To ensure that the program outcomes related to ICT shall be
achieved, competencies were identified to be developed by every pre-service teacher.
- The ICT Competency Standards is made up of Seven Domains. Each domain has a set
of competencies. The competencies are expressed and desired learning outcomes.
Becoming proficient in the different competencies will enable you to handle learners of
the 21st century in your future classroom.
List of domains and corresponding competencies are indicated below.
ICT Competency Standards for Pre-Service Teachers
 Domain 1: Understanding ICT in Education
1.1 Demonstrate awareness of policies affecting ICT in Education
1.2 Comply with ICT policies as they affect teaching-leaming
1.3 Contextualize ICT Policies to the learning environment
 Domain 2: Curriculum and Assessment
2.1 Demonstrate understanding of concepts, principles, and theories of ICT systerns as they
apply to teaching-learning
2.2 Evaluate digital and non-digital leaming resources in response to students' diverse
2.3 Develop digital learning resources to enhance teaching-learning.
2.4 Use ICT tools to develop 21 century skills: information media and technology skills,
learning and Innovation skills, career skills and effective communication skills.
 Domain 3: Pedagogy
3.1 Apply relevant technology for classroom activities
3.2 Use ICT knowledge to solve complex problems and support student collaborative activities.
3.3 Model collaborative knowledge construction in face to face and virtual environments.
 Domain 4: Technology Tools
4.1 Demonstrate competence in the technical operations of technology tools and systems as they
apply to teaching and leaming
4.2 Use technology tools to create new learning opportunities to support community of learners.
4.3 Demonstrate proficiency in the use of technology tools to support teaching and learning.
 Domain 5: Organization and Administration
5.1. Manage technology-assisted instruction in an inclusive classroom environment.
5.2 Exhibit leadership in shared decision-making using technology tools.
 Domain 6: Teacher Professional Learning
6.1 Explore existing and emerging technology to acquire additional content and pedagogical
knowledge.
6.2 Utilize technology tools in creating communities of practice
6.3 Collaborate with peers, colleagues, and stakeholders to access information in support of
professional learning.
 Domain 7: Teacher Disposition
7.1 Demonstrate social, ethical, and legal responsibility in the use of technology tools and
resources.
7.2 Show positive attitude towards the use of technology tools.
 Likewise, the Department of Education issued DepEd Order 42. S.2017 mandating
the use of the Philippine Professional Standard for Teachers to start with the Beginning
Teachers who are the fresh graduates from the Teacher Education Program.
 The document includes showing of skills in the positive use of ICT to facilitate teaching
and learning and show skills in the selection development and use of the variety of
teaching-learning resources, including ICT to address leaming goals. These competency
standards to learn and master will assure the 21st century learners in your class of a more
enjoyable, creative, and innovative ways in teaching and learning needs
An international organization for educational technology called International Society for
Technology in Education (ISTE) established standards for both teachers and students. These
standards were also referred to in the development of the Philippine ICT Competency Standards
which includes the following:
ISTE National Educational Technology Standards for Teachers (NETS*T)
Standard 1: Technology Operations and Concepts
Standard 2: Planning and Designing Learning Environment and Experiences
Standard 3: Teaching Learning and Curriculum
Standard 4: Assessment and Evaluation
Standard 5: Productivity and Professional Practice
Standard 6: Social, Ethical, Legal and Human Issues
Likewise, ISTE also develop standards even for students. These standards will be used as a
guide by teachers to plan technology-based activities in which students achieve success in
learning communication and life skills.
ISTE National Educational Technology Standards for Students (NETS*S)
Standard 1. Creativity and Innovation
Standard 2: Communication and Collaboration
Standard 3: Research and Information Fluency
Standard 4: Critical Thinking, Problem solving and Decision Making
Standard 5: Digital Citizenship
Standard 6: Technology Operations and Concepts
- As Pre-Service Teacher Education Students now, you will have to master the knowledge
and skills for the standards for students. However, since you will become teachers in the
future you should harness the same knowledge and skills to become future teachers.
Let us explore various resources to have a clear understanding of this lesson. Let us unpack
some concepts and terms related to technology for teaching and learning. You can further find
more explanation here as you go along with other references in the library or in the web. Here
are some terms and concepts that you need to know.
1. TECHNOLOGY-Refers to a mix of process and product used in the application of
knowledge.
2. ICT LITERACY Is the use of digital technology, communication tools and/or networks
to access, manage, integrate, evaluate, create, and communicate information to function
in a knowledge society.
3. EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY- Refers to the use of technology in teaching and
learning. Includes both digital and non-digital technology.
4. DIGITAL LITERACY Is the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create contents
using information technologies and the Internet.
5. DIGITAL LEARNING- Is any type of learning that is accompanied by technology or by
instructional practice that makes effective use of technology.
6. ONLINE DIGITAL TOOLS AND APPS- Uses Intemet connection to access the
information needed.
7. OFF-LINE DIGITAL TOOLS AND APPS-Used without internet access.
8. INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY- Is the theory and practice of design, development,
utilization, management, and evaluation of the processes and resources for leaming.
9. SOFTWARE- Refers to program control instructions and accompanying documentation;
stored on disks or tapes when not being used in the computer.
10.MULTIMEDIA- Is a sequential or simultaneous use of a variety of media formats in each
presentation or self-study program.
11.INTERNET- Is a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. Global
network connecting millions of computers.
12.WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)- A graphical environment on computer network that
allows you to access, view and maintain documentations that can include text, data,
sound, and videos.
13.WEB ACCESS- Is the ability of the leamer to access the Intemet at any point during the
lesson to take advantage of the array available education resources.
14.WEBQUEST- Inquiry-oriented lesson format in which most or all information that
learners work with comes from the web. It is a teacher structured research experience for
the students that is primarily based on the use of the www and typically takes one or
more instructional periods.
15.PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS- Refers to any type of software associated with computers
and related technologies that can be used as tools for personal, professional or classroom
productivity.
16.TECHNOLOGY TOOL Can be anything that help you accomplish your goal with the use
of technology a. data/calculation b. design c. discussion d. email e. handheld devices
17.BLOG-Online journal where posted information from both teachers and students are
arranged.
18.WIKI- An editable website usually with limited access, allows students to collaboratively
create and post written work or digital files, such as digital photos or videos.
19.FLIPPED CLASSROOM-Utilizes a reverse instructional delivery, where the teacher is
required to use the web resources as homework or out of class activity as initial
instruction of the lesson which will be discussed during class time.
20.PODCAST- Video or audio multi-media clip about a single topic typically in the format
of the radio talk show.
21.GOOGLE APPS- Cloud-based teaching tool which is stored in google server and is
available for students both at home and in school.
22.VLOG- Is a video blog where each entry is posted as a video instead of the text.
23.FACEBOOK- Popular social networking site used by students and adults worldwide to
present information on themselves and to the world.
 24.VOIP (VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL) Is a category of hardware and software
that enables people to use the intemet as a transmission medium for telephone calls by
sending voice data in packets using IP rather than traditional circuit transmission.

A ROLES OF TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING

Are students of today interested to use technology to leam? Do teachers have the skills to use
technology to enhance their teaching?
- With the Fourth Industrial Revolution, nobody can deny the influence of technology in
our lives. As future teachers of the 21st century, it is high time that you prepare
yourselves to integrate technology in your classrooms. Using technology is a tool and a
catalyst for change. What are the roles of technology for teaching and learning?
- As teaching and leaming go together, let us explore what would be the roles of
technology for teachers and teaching and for learners and leaming.
Educational technology has three domains:
1. TECHNOLOGY AS A TUTOR-Together with the teacher, technology can support the
teacher to teach another person. Technology, when programmed by the teacher can be a shooter
on its own. The teacher will simply switch on or switch off radio programs television programs
or play DVDs or CDs that contain educational programs. There are online tutorial education
programs, as well.
2. TECHNOLOGY AS A TEACHING TOOL Like a tutor, technology is a teaching tool but
can never replace a teacher. This is like the handyman which is just there to be reached. Like
any other tool, it is being used to facilitate and lighten the work of the teacher. It will be good if
the teacher can also create or develop technology tools that are needed in the classroom.
3. TECHNOLOGY AS A LEARNING TOOL While the teacher utilizes technology as a tool
for teaching, likewise it is an effective tool for learning. As a learning tool, it makes learning
easy and effective. It can produce learning outcomes that call for technology-assisted teaching.
Even the teachers who are teaching can utilize similar tools for learning. As a learning tool, it is
a very interesting that even the elderly uses these tools for learning in life.
There are numerous roles that technology plays in the job of teachers. As a tool, technology has
opened wider avenues in management of resources and management of learning. Likewise, it
has modernized the teaching-learning environment in schools.
Here are some roles that technology can do for teachers and teaching.
- Technology provides enormous support to the teacher as the facilitator.
- Technology has modernized the teaching-learning environment.
- Technology improves teaching-learning process and ways of teaching.
- Technology opens new fields in educational researches.
 - Technology adds to the competence of teachers and inculcates scientific outlook.
- Technology supports teacher professional development.
- Teachers must also be aware that technology plays a great role in terms of learning.
Here are some roles that technology can do for learners and leaming.
- Technology support learners to learn how to learn on their own.
- Technology enhances learners' communication skills through social interactions.
- Technology upgrades learners' higher order thinking skills; critical thinking, problem
solving and creativity.
Here are some pointers to remember.
- ICT competency standards for pre-service teachers ensures every future teacher to
demonstrate proficiency in the development and utilization of information,
communication, and technology resources in promoting quality teaching and learning
process.
- The ICT competency standards is made up of 7 domains. Becoming proficient in the
different competencies will enable you to handle learners of the 21st century in your
future classroom.
- ISTE developed standards for teachers and students to achieve success in learning
communication and life skills through technology-based activities.
- Familiarizing concepts and terms related to technology for teaching and learning will
greatly affect your competency as a future teacher.
- The roles of technology for teaching and learning includes technology as a tutor,
technology as a teaching tool, and technology as a learning tool.
- Technology has opened wider avenues in the job of teachers and support to learners.

MODULE 2
ICT POLICIES AND ISSUES: IMPLICATIONS TO TEACHING AND LEARNING
MODULE OVERVIEW
- Globalization is a reality and ICT has become a fundamental part of the process. A
networked society is one in which the entire planet is organized around
telecommunicated networks of computers.
- The powerful use of network has broken boundaries, provided opportunities for inclusion
and collaboration. However, there will be also a struggle for those who do not have
access or those who are excluded, marginalize and powerless. Thus, a need to establish
policies in the use of ICT is imperative. At the end of the module, you will be able to
understand how policies and issues affect the teaching and learning process.
POLICIES AND ISSUES ON THE INTERNET AND IMPLICATIONS TO TEACHING
AND LEARNING
 - New technologies have become central to the lives of every individual in this planet.
Whether you are talking on the phone, sending an electronic mail, going to the bank,
using the library, watching news on television, going to the doctor, catching a flight or
seeing a movie, you are using ICT. Almost everything that we do in the modem world is
influenced by the new technologies.
- Would your life as a teacher be also influenced by the new technologies? Should we live
our lives to be controlled by technology or should we control the utilization of technology
in our lives? How? One way of enhancing and regulating the use of ICT is to formulate
and implement policies to guide appropriate decisions.
Definition of ICT Policy
- The Oxford English Dictionary has defined "policy as a course of action, adopted and
pursued by a government, party, ruler, and statesman.
- Thus, ICT Policies are needed to put a roadmap or course of actions to be pursued and
adopted by various governments, organizations, entities involving ICT. These include
principles and guidelines in the use of ICT which cover three main areas:
telecommunications (telephone), broadcasting (radio and television) and Internet.
- ICT "Information and Communication Technologies" refers to the technology that
provides access to the information through telecommunications. It is similar to
Information Technology (IT) but focuses primarily on communication technologies. This
includes intemet, wireless networks, cellphones, and other communication mediums.
The New ICT Technologies
- More recent technological innovations increased the reach and speed of communications
which can be grouped into three categories:
1. Information Technology- includes the use of computers, which has become indispensable in
modem societies to process data and save time and effort. What we needed will be computer
hardware and peripherals, software and for the user, computer literacy.
2. Telecommunication technologies include telephones (with fax) and the broadcasting of radio
and television often through satellites. Telephone system, radio and TV broadcasting are needed
in this category.
3. Networking technologies- The best known of networking technologies is Internet, but has
extended to mobile phone technology, Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) satellite
communications and other forms of communications are still in their infancy. In addition to
internet, this category also includes mobile telephone, cable, DSL, satellite and other broadband
connectivity.
The DICT Roadmap
 - In our country, the Department of Information and Communication Technology (DICT)
has formulated a roadmap to guide all agencies in the utilization, regulation, and
enhancement of ICT. Each project has corresponding policy statements and guidelines.
- Republic Act No. 10844, otherwise known as the "Department of Information and
Communication Technology Act of 2015" which was signed into law on 23 May 2016.
In accordance to the law, the Department of Information and Communications
Technology (DICT) shall be the primary policy, planning, coordinating, implementing,
and administrative entity of the Executive Branch of the government that will plan,
develop, and promote the national ICT development.
- An IT roadmap is a type of technology roadmap that a business uses to develop and share
a strategic level plan for IT initiatives at the organization, such as migrating the
company's data to a new cloud system or upgrading the organization to a new enterprise
software platform.
- The ICT for Education (ICT4E) is a program under the DICT that supports all the efforts
of the education sector in incorporating the use of ICT as well as in determining and
gaining access to the infrastructure (hardware, software, telecommunication facilities and
others) which are necessary to use and deploy learning technologies at all levels of
education.
Among the policy recommended programs that have applications to education teaching-learning
is:
1. ICT in Education Masterplan for all levels, including a National Roadmap for faculty
Development in ICT in Education. A National Framework Plan for ICTs in Basic
Education was developed.
2. Content and application development through the Open Content is Education Initiative
(OCEI) which converts DepEd materials into interactive multi-media content, develop
application used in schools, and conduct students and teachers competitions to promote
the development of education- related web content.
3. PheDNET, is a "walled" garden that hosts educational leaming and teaching materials
and application for use by Filipino students, their parents, and teachers. All public high
schools will be part of this networks with only DepEd-approved multi-media
applications, materials, and mirrored internet sites accessible from school's PCs.
4. Established Community eLearning Center called eskwela for out of school youth (OSY)
providing them with ICT-enhance alternative education opportunities.
5. eQuality program for tertiary education through partnerships with state universities and
colleges (SUCs) to Improve quality of IT education and the use of ICT in education in the
country, particularly outside of Metro Manila.
6. Digital Media Arts Programs which builds digital media skills for government using
Open Source technologies. Particular beneficiary agencies include the Philippine
Information Agency and the other government media organizations, the Cultural Center
 of the Philippines, National Commission for Culture and Arts and other government art
agencies, State Universities and colleges and local government units.
7. ICT skills strategic plan which develops an inter-agency approach to identifying strategic
and policy and program recommendations to address ICT skills demand supply type.
All the seven programs were guided by the roadmap that embeds policy statements that relate to
education specifically in the enhancement of developments for teaching and leaming Global
Issues.
Some Issues on ICT and Internet Policy and Regulations
- Access and Civil Liberties are two sets of issues in ICT policy which are crucial to the
moderm society. The other concern is civil liberties, which refer to human rights and
freedom. This includes freedom of expression the right to privacy the right to
communicate and intellectual property rights.
- Access to the use of intermet and ICT. Access means the possibility for everyone to use
the internet and other media. In richer countries, basic access to internet is most available
to all with faster broadband connections.
- There are still countries where access to the internet is still a challenge. Infringement to
civil liberties or human rights. What are specific internet issues on internet policy that
have relationship to civil liberties or human rights? Study the examples that follow:
Issue no. 1: Freedom of Expression and Censorship
- Under international human rights conventions, all people are guaranteed the rights for
free expression. However, with the shift from communicating through letter, newspaper
and public meetings to electronic communications and on-line networking, a need to
investigate how these new means modifies. the understanding of freedom of expressions
and censorship. Ex: Individual rights are given up having access to electronic networks.
Censorship restricts the transmission of information by blocking it or filtering the
information.
Issue no. 2: Privacy and Security Privacy policies are an issue.
- Most commercial sites have a privacy. When someone uses a site clicks "I agree" button,
it is as if you have turned over private information to any authority that may access it For
most, privacy means "personal privacy the right of individuals not to have their home,
private life or personal life interfered with.
Issue no. 3: Surveillance and Date Retention
- The use of electronic communications has enhanced the development of indirect
surveillance. The new and powerful form of indirect surveillance is dataveillance.
Dataveillance is the use of personal information to monitor a person's activities while
data retention is the storage and use of information from communication system.
Issue no. 4: E-pollutants from E-waste
- Large amount of e-waste in generated by ICT. These are, terminal equipment used for
computing (PC's, laptop) broadcasting (television and radio sets) telephony (fixed and
mobile phones), and peripherals (fax machines, printers and scanners). If not controlled
then, e-waste will tremendously affect climate change, damage human lives, and overload
the capacity of the earth in carrying solid waste. Both the teachers and leamers should be
mindful of the e waste that are being thrown away to the land and to the atmosphere.
Implications to Teaching and Learning
- How do the policy guidelines, projects and issues relate to the teaching and learning?
There are great implications of this lesson to both the teachers who are teaching and the
leamers who are learning. A few of these are as follows:
For the Teachers and Teaching
- Guide the teachers on what they should teach that relate to ICT, and how to teach it.
Since ICT development comes rapid and fast, teachers might be overwhelmed by its rapid
speed. Temperance in its use is a caution that should be looked at.
- Technology should never replace any human teacher. The tools are support instructional
materials for the teachers which are available for use. The teacher should learn how to
appropriately use them.
- There are rules and regulations that govern the use of technology. Caution should be
observed to protect individual privacy. As teachers, you must be aware that the use of
technology may jeopardize your privacy and security. All the issues and many more shall
be part of the teaching content as each teacher will be encouraged to use technology in
teaching.
For the Learners and Learning
- The leamers of the 21st century is even more advanced than some of the teachers.
However, learners still need guidance on how to use, regulate technology use. As there
are positive and negative effects of technology use, learners should know the difference.
Learners should not only know the benefits of technology use, but they should also know
how they can be protected from the hazards that technology brings to their lives.
- Learners should take advantage of the potential of learning support they can derive such
as the development of higher order thinking skills, the development of learning
communities through collaboration, the enhancement of skills to manage the vast
resources as 21st century learners and many more.
- Both the teachers and learners should be mindful of the e waste that are being thrown
away to the land and to the atmosphere.
SAFETY ISSUES ON THE USE OF ICT INCLUDIG E-SAFETY RULES
 - It's probably not immediately obvious to the average child or many adults for that matter
- but moderate to heavy computer use brings with it a number of areas of risk when it
comes to health and safety. This lesson covers a wide range of aspects of health and
safety in the use of ICT including ergonomic chairs, the positioning of furniture and
computer hardware, cables, use of keyboard and mouse, posture and the need for breaks,
plus includes a range of exercises designed to prevent injury.
Some Risks in the Use of ICT and e-networking
- Technology is the phenomenon that seems to be uncontrollable. Despite the so many
benefits of teaching in learning, there are also negative effect or influence on the leamers.
Hence, as future teachers you have to be aware of how to safeguard learners in the school
communities where they spend most of their waking hours and also their homes or
facilities that provide opportunities to use digital technologies like Internet Cafes.
Safeguard and protection should be the primordial role of parents, teachers, and school.
There are so many risks that we must be aware of in the use of digital technologies. These
may include the following:
1. Exposure to inappropriate content, including online pomography, extremism (exposure to
violence associated with racist language).
2. Lifestyle websites including like self-harms and suicide sites and hate sites
3. Cyberbullying in all forms, receiving sexually explicit images or messages.
4. Privacy issue including disclosure of personal information.
5. Health and well-being (amount of time spent online, Internet gaming and many more);
6. Prolonged exposure to online technologies, particularly at an early age.
7. Addiction to gambling and gaming.
8. Theft and fraud from activities such as phishing.
9. Viruses, Trojans and spyware and other malware, and
10.Social pressure to maintain online networks via texting and social networking.
Minor Misuse of ICT
 In schools, some minor misuse made by learners include the following:
 Copying information into assignment and failing to acknowledge the source
 Downloading material not relevant to their studies.
 Misconduct associated with subject logins, such as using someone the password.
 Leaving a mobile phone turned on during class period.
 Unauthorized taking of picture or image with moblie phone career still or moving.
E-safety
- E-safety takes care not only of internet technologies but also of electronics
communication via mobile phones. Here are some issues of e-safety:
 E-safety helps safeguard children and young people in the digital world.
 E-safety emphasizes leaming to understand and new technologies a positive way.
  E-safety educates children about the risk as well as the benefits so we can feel confident
online.
 E-safety support young learners and adult to develop safe online behavior, both in or out
of school.
Network Management
- Network management is defined as the process of managing a network for fault and
performance using various tools and technologies to keep up with the business
requirements.
1. Safety in the use of network in schools
1.1. Make clear that no one should log in as another user.
1.2. Require all users to always log off when they have finished working.
1.3. Maintain equipment clean to ensure health and safety.
1.4. Provide students with access to content and resources through guided e-learning.
1.5. Set up a clear disaster recovery system in place for critical data that include secure, remote
back up of critical data.
1.6. Secure wireless network to appropriate standards suitable for educational use.
1.7. Install all computer equipment professionally and meet health and safety standards.
1.8. Review the school ICT system regularly regarding health and safety and security.
2. Password Policy
- Only authorized users will have individual passwords. Users are not permitted to disclose
their passwords unless they got permission from the owner or from the management. The
equipment that keeps the personal information shall be locked when unattended to
prevent unauthorized access. Computers should be set to a time out if they become
unused for a certain period.
3. Personal mobile phones and mobile devices
- All mobile phones shall be kept away in a box away from the children or leamers and
access is only allowed at break time or at the end of classes or when needed during the
class period.
4. Cameras
4.1. Taking picture only from parents or caregivers and not from any other family member or
friend while the child attend class.
4.2. Any picture taken of children shall be on cameras solely for the purpose.
Setting up an Educational Technology Room
School that plan to dedicate a room where the students can access technologies for learning
should Include the following safety rules.
1. Provide tables, these tables can be tilted and adjustable to the height of the users.
2. Provide anti-glare screen filters.
3. Provide adjustable chairs.
4. Provide foot support.
5. Make sure lighting is suitable.
6. Make sure workstations are spacious.
7. Create a work plan at a computer laboratory to maximize its use.
More specifically, safety rules that can reduce risk of accidents in the working stations should
include:
1. No trailing wires across or around the room which people can trip on.
2. Electrical sockets should not be overloaded.
3. Electrical equipment should be safety-tested at least once a year.
4. There should be an adequate space around desk for people to move.
5. Bags and obstacles should be stored out of the way.
6. Food and drinks should not be placed near machines.
7. Heating and ventilation should be suitable for the working environment.
8. Fire extinguishers should be available.
9. Fire exists should be clearly marked and free from clutter.

Here are some pointers to remember.

- ICT Policies are needed to put a roadmap or course of actions to be pursued and adopted
by various governments, organizations, entities involving ICT.
- Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) shall be the
primary policy, planning, coordinating, implementing, and administrative entity of the
Executive Branch of the government that will plan, develop, and promote the national
ICT development.
- The ICT for Education (ICT4E) is a program under the DICT that supports all the
efforts of the education sector in incorporating the use of ICT as well as in determining
and gaining access to the infrastructure (hardware, software, telecommunication facilities
and others) which are necessary to use and deploy learning technologies at all levels of
education.
- Current issues on technology includes freedom of expression and censorship privacy
and security surveillance and data retention pollutants from e waste.
- The new ICT technologies are grouped into three categories namely information
technology. telecommunication technologies, and networking technologies.
- Technology should never replace any human teacher.
 - Each teacher is encouraged to use technology in teaching.
- Learners should take advantage of the potential of learning support they can derive from
technology.
- When technology is not properly use it will pose danger to the users in school and at
home. Safety issues are needed to be addressed by safety policy and guidelines.

MODULE 3
A DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF NON-DIGITAL OR CONVENTIONAL
MATERIALS
- Every teacher needs supplies and resources to have a successful classroom. Writing
utensils, paper, Paper, and inspirational wall signs are all useful objects in a classroom,
but they are not instructional materials.
Instructional materials are the tools used in educational lessons, which includes active
learning and assessment. Basically, any resource a teacher uses to help him teach his students is
an instructional material. Instructional materials have several roles in teaching and learning
which include the following:
1. They promote meaningful communication and effective learning.
2. They ensure better retention, thus making learning more permanent.
3. They help to overcome the limited classroom by making the inaccessible accessible.
4. They provide a common experience upon which late learning can be developed.
5. They encourage participation especially if students can manipulate materials used (Brown
at al., 2005; Effiong & Igiri, 2015).
- Instructional materials are of great help in stimulating and facilitating the learning of
the learners. According to Wright 176:1) as cited in Cakir (2006) many media and many
styles of visual presentations are useful to the language leamer. All audio-visual materials
have positive contributions to language learning if they are used at the right time, in the
right place.
- Instructional materials are the supplementary materials, which help the teachers to
make his/her presentation concrete, effective, interesting, meaningful and inspiring. In
any teaching and learning process. instructional materials play a vital role as they provide
sensory experiences to the leamers.
1. Diorama, a scenic representation in which sculptured figures and lifelike details are
displayed usually in miniature size, to blend indistinguishably with a realistic painted
background. It will make the classroom seem to be creative and innovative. It is a fun
way to build an exciting scene in a small space.
In developing Diorama, you will:
 Choose a concept
  Research the subject
 Make a rough sketch of your ideal diorama and gather your supplies
 Select a container or box
2. Nature Table- This is a table that contains objects and or scene related to the current
season or upcoming festival or symbol of an ecosystem. Children love to follow the
natural changes that the world offers each month and classroom decorations reflect these..
3. Writing Board- a writing board can display information written with chalks (chalkboards
or blackboard) or special pens. Although there are usually more effective methods of
transmitting information, the writing board is still the most commonly used visual aids.
4. Flip Chart-is a large tablet or pad of paper usually on tripod or stand.
5. Zigzag Board-It is a multi-board series of three or four rectangular boards. They are
joined together along the sides by hinges so that they can be easily folded up and carried.
Each board can be of different type.
6. Wall Display- Displaying items on a classroom wall is a well-known, tried and tested
educational method. A wall display is a collection of many different types of items and
materials put up on a wall to make an interesting and informative display.
7. Rope and Pole Display Board This board consist of two parallel, horizontal poles tied
loosely together with rope. Visual aids such as posters can be pinned to the rope. This
kind of display board is invaluable where there are few solid walls for displaying
information.
Guidelines when Designing Conventional Instructional Materials:
1. Unity-Use only one idea for each visual aid and include a headline.
2. Simplicity-Makes ideas and relationships simple and easy to recall. Avoid cluttering a
visual with too many words, numbers, or graphics. The audience should be able to grasp
the concept in 10 to 15 seconds.
3. Legibility-Make letters big and readable for all audiences.
4. Consistency - Use the same type style and art style.
5. Clarity-Avoid typing letters that are too small to read, avoid all caps.
6. Quality-Make it neat and professional and remember to proofread.

SELECT AND USE ICT TOOLS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING

- The learners nowadays are more interested to the thing that are in line with them. They
want to use instructional materials for them to understand. They prefer to use technology
to integrate their knowledge. With this, students become more attentive or being active to
class. In here, we present the different ICT tools that we can apply in teaching and
learning.
- These tools make the environment more active and effective. Knowing the uses of it can
help the teachers and students collaborate easily. The current system employs
technologies by integrating ICT tools and applications in education and in instruction.
 - ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. This refers to various
tools and devices or gadgets used in communicating, disseminating, creating, storing, and
managing information. A great part of learning is working on information and using it to
create something that can be useful and edifying for humanity. Since the intention of
education is to make learners become useful and productive. citizens.
- Integrating ICT tools will reveal the usefulness of employing ICT Tools in a wider range
of the teaching and learning process.
- It is not necessarily the presence of advanced technology or the use of ICT tools that can
ensure the success in engaging learners, but it remains in the effective use of ICT tools.
A. Using Mobile Phone and the QR Code
What is a QR Code?
- It is a code that was created by a Japanese corporation Denso-Wave in 1994.
- QR stands for "Quick Response"
- It allows the readers to decode the information at a high rate of speed.
- This is popular in Japan and it is also used by companies as they attach their QR code in
their products.
- It usually gives a URL linking you to a website or immediately provides the salient
information about the product.
Ten Interesting Ways to Integrate QR Code in Your Teaching
1. Create Interactive and Engaging Content You can enrich the content you teach in a class
by using QR Codes that link to other readings. and resources. You can link to a pdf, a
video production, a website, a document, or an audio file among others.
2. Scavenger Hunts Create an interactive classroom activity such as the Scavenger's Hunt
by using QR Codes that provide directions or instruction resulting in better learner
engagement.
3. Share Resources Learners can use QR Codes to share educational resources with each
other (e.g. lecture notes, web contents, how-to-do videos.
4. Enhance Classroom Library Create QR Codes of students' brief write-ups about why they
enjoy their book and put them right in or on the books in the class library. Students can
use these QR Codes to find out more about the books.
5. Use in classroom Activities The QR Code can be used in giving instructions in class and
pin them up inside the classroom instead of providing them with thick copies of printed
materials giving instruction on how to do an activity.
6. Provide Help with Homework A detailed instruction can be made into a QR Code which
students can scan at home and use the information to help them comply with their
assignments.
7. Gather Students Feedback You can create surveys, polls, and forms using google form
and share them with students as QR Codes which can be easily scanned.
 8. Research Project Make students create QR Codes linking other resources and web
content to their research work.
9. Provide Easy Access to Online Content Create QR Codes with URLs for students to gain
easy access to online resources. Sometimes when a long URL is given, learners may copy
a broken URL version hence, resources become inaccessible.
10.Communicate with Parents or Partners You can share information to parents on school
events or activities in school. You can also put it in a webpage for parents to get
information or include it in newsletters, permission slips, etc. You can have them printed
as magnets and parents can get the information. However, be sure to orient the parents on
how to use QR Codes.
More interesting than reading QR codes is creating your own QR codes. How will you make
your own QR code?
Step 1: Be online
Step 2: Search for a QR code generator and ensure that you read the information about the
application. This is important to ensure your safety on the internet. There are many free
applications online and therefore you can take this chance to use them.
Step 3: Once you have identified your free online QR code generator you can now encode the
text or the information that you want for, run it and save it as a jpeg file.
Step 4: Now you have successfully created your QR code which you can download.
Step 5: Test the QR code using your QR code reader or scanner.
B. Infographics
- Infographics are useful for sharing information because they can improve cognition
(understanding and perception) by utilizing eye-catching design elements and concise
language to enhance the human visual system's ability to see patterns and trends
Using Laptop and the Infographics
- There is an apparent deluge of information around, and access to this is made easier
through the internet. You are faced with one major question on how to best interpret it all
and put it into one cohesive information that is quick and clear to read. In the teaching
and learning context, you may be faced with a challenging topic given a short amount of
time. Infographics is an immediate answer to this situation.
- The infographic is another interesting tool to use in instruction. An infographic is a visual
representation or an image such as a diagram, chart, or picture representing information,
or data. It is catchy and makes use of appear layout, attractive colors and hues, and
caricatures that provide a cohesive presentation of the information. If it is used to market
products in the increasing visual world, then infographics can also be employed in
marketing information and ideas in the teaching and learning process.
 - One tool that can be used in creating infographics is Canva (www.canva.com). It has
several infographics template for education. You can try out the free design elements and
produce one just like a professional infographic designer. You can start by exploring the
site and familiarize yourself with its features. As a gentle reminder please take time to
read the instructions and navigate around the features to get optimal use of it
There are ways for which infographics can be used.
A recruiting tool
- Infographics have long been used by designers on resumes, a way of visually simplifying
their careers and highlighting specific skills and sets in utilizing their own design style.
At the same point, recruiters realized they could use infographics to do the same thing but
in reverse.
To present survey data.
- Presenting statistical data such as from surveys can be overwhelming. Infographics can
be highly useful. Data are much easier to decode. They can be made easier and quicker to
understand if they are presented in an infographic.
To simply a complex concept.
- Simplifying a complex idea is the core purpose of using an infographic. This is a very
effective educational tool as a way of summarizing key points or providing an overview
of a lesson.
To explain how something function.
- Using infographics, you can show the intricacy of how something complex works. It can
reveal the mechanics behind how an object works. Designers can create infographics by
showing the mechanics behind intricate objects, processes, concepts.
To compare/comparison.
- Presenting information by highlighting similarities and differences through a visual
parallel in an infographic can turn out more effective than expressing it in words. It is
easier to draw comparisons with the same information neatly organized. To present
interesting facts.
When information or facts are presented all in words, the use of infographics can bring life.
How will you make your own infographics? You need the following.
1. You need to be online.
2. Using the PC, Laptop or mobile phone, search for or Canva, Vismen or Venngage among
others.
3. Create or sign up an account if you still do not have one to design your own infographics.
4. Procedure:
Step 1: Choose the most suitable template for your use from library.
Step 2: You may use images from their file or upload your own pictures.
Step 3: Make a cohesive layout containing correct and essential information.
Step 4: You can use a background and font styles.
Step 5: You may change the color of boxes and the text to suit your style and add stunning
filters to add flair.
Step 6: Save the images of the infographics.
Step 7: Share the infographic you have created.
C. IPad/Tablet and the Online Bulletin Board
- Creativity and collaboration are fun! A dull and boring bulletin board can be made
interesting when done. online. Posts with good backgrounds, stylish fonts and varied
colors become attractive to learners. An online bulletin board is a way of presenting ideas
with a twist and interest, with no cost at all. Here is how:
Step 1: Search for https://padiet.com/
Step 2: Sign up or log in using any of your social media account.
Step 3: If you want to make your own, click MAKE A PADLET.
a. You can choose Start with a Blank or Pick a Template.
b. Start making posts by clicking the sign.
c. Make your own posts as creative as you can by clicking Modify and selecting your
choice of color, font, theme, etc.
d. You can now share your Padlet or online bulletin board to your friends.
e. Click share and allow others to have access to it or you can share through social media
account where others can view it.
Step 4: If you want to join someone's bulletin board, click Join a Padlet
a. Enter in the dialog box URL of the padlet you want to join.
b. Start posting on your friend's/dassmate's padlet by clicking the +sign.
c. Information graphics or infographics translate data into a visual medium that is easy to
understand and engaging. Integrated visuals with text and pictures that strengthen each
other are goal, but hard to achieve. People use infographics to quickly communicate a
message, to simplify the presentation of large amounts of data, to see data patterns and
relationships, and to monitor changes in variables over time.

CREATING EPORTFOLIO AS A TECHNOLOGY TOOL

 - An electronic portfolio (also known as eFolio, e-portfolio, E-Folio, or online portfolio) is
a collection of electronic evidence assembled and managed by a user, usually on the
Web. Such electronic evidence may include input text, electronic files, images,
multimedia, blog entries, and hypedinius.
- E-portfolios are both demonstrations of the user's abilities and platforms for self-
expression. If they are online, users can maintain them dynamically over time..
- Portfolios are one good means of keeping things in order. Portfolio is a collection of a
student work that exhibits students effort, progress, achievements, and competencies
gained during the course.
- Electronic Portfolio are effective leaming tools because they support student's own
knowledge construction which fosters leamers motivation.
- Student ePortfolio can evaluate students academic progress. They can inform the
teacher to adapt and use instructional strategies when pieces of evidence indicate that
they are either leaming or not.
- Monitoring students progress can be highlighted in a portfolio. It may not only
contain finished products but also several versions on how the students improved their
work based on the feedback provided by mentors.
- Portfolios document students learning growth. They encourage the student sense of
accountability for their own leaming process.
Creating an Online Portfolio Using a Site
- There are many sites that can be used in creating an ePortfolio. One of which is the
Google site. If you have a google account, you can start using the available applications.
You can now also try Weebley, or Wix, among others.
Steps in constructing an ePortfolio
1. Enter your Gmail account and look for Sites. If it is the first time that you have done this,
you need to read the directions
2. You scroll down and read further until you see the icon for Sites.
3. When you click it, it will lead you to another section. This will let you create a site that
you can use as an ePortfolio
4. Consider a good label or a title for your ePortfolio and prepare the texts, links,
multimedia outputs, images, or jpeg files that you want to upload in the pages of the
ePortfolio.
Parts of an ePortfolio
- Just like a book, the ePortfolio has pages or sections. The organization can follow a
chronological order based on the activities that you go through or you can have a
thematic arrangement. Whatever you choose, it will be display of your organizational
skills.
Home Page
 - The first section is the Home or your cover page. This is the first thing that your readers
will see. So, you need to introduce yourself and the objectives of your ePortforlio.
Usually, there are templates available and each provides sections. You can add personal
touches such as images or a change of color themes.
Pages
- The pages that you can add depend on how you would like to organize you ePortforlio.
When adding pages, click the icon and decide whether it will be parallel to your Home
Page or it will be under it.
Reflections
- A major element in a portfolio whether it is online or not, is the writing of the reflection.
It is thinking-aloud. a way of documenting what they are thinking. How students are
processing the input and the application of what have they learned into an activity or a
project needs to be captured.
Gibb's Reflective Cycle
Description
- This initial phase in writing a reflection is very simple, since you just need to describe the
activity or the experience to the reader. You can write a little about the background on
what you are reflecting about by including relevant and to the point details.
Feelings
- Learners are involved in learning and an activity or perhaps a lesson can trigger certain
feelings. So, at this point you can consider and think about how you feel at that time
when you were doing the activity or having the experience. You need to discuss your
emotions honestly about the experience but not to forget this is part of an academic
discourse.
Evaluation
- Discuss how well you think the activity went. Recall how you reacted to the task or
situation and how others reacted.
Analysis
- This part of the write up includes your analysis of what worked well and what have
facilitated it or what may have hindered it. You can also discuss related literature that
may have brought about your experiences.
Conclusion
 - Now, you can write what you have learned from the experience or what you could have
done. If your experience is a good one, you can probably discuss how it can be ensured or
how will you further enhance a positive outcome.
Action Plan
- At the end of your reflection, you write what action you need to take so that you will
improve the next time such as a consult an expert for some advice or read a book that will
provide answers to your queries.
Administrating the ePortfolio
- Before publishing your ePortfolio for the world to see your work, you can control who
can see your work. The icon for sharing the site can be shared by entering the email
address of the person with whom you want to share it.
Assessing an ePortfolio using a Rubric
- Evaluating an ePortfolio using a rubric, is a consistent application of learning
expectations, learning outcomes or standards. It should be able to tell the students the link
between learning and what will be taught and the assessment or what will be evaluated.
- It is designed to promote the integration of learning so that students are not only learning
a specific subject but also developing an awareness of their learning and thinking process.
- Students can see connections between learning and assessment by making the feedback
they receive from teachers, clearer, more detailed, and more useful in terms of identifying
and communicating what students have learned or what they may still need to learn.
TECHNOLOGY COLLABORATIVE TOOLS IN THE DIGITAL WORLD
- One way to engage students is to give them a challenge and a chance to work together.
An example is when you give them an issue to discuss which they can continue talking
about even if they are outside of the class.
- There are a lot of available tools and applications that can used to work collaboratively
with others. Some of these are Skype, wikis, blog, Google form, web conferencing,
Realtime board, among others. You need to explore each application to be familiar with
the features.

1. SKYPE. Is a software application allowing you to do a videoconferencing for free. All

you need is to create an account and can be used for a video meeting.
2. WIKI. Is software that allows you to create a page or a selection of pages designed to
allow you to post or write, edit, or upload a link quickly.
3. BLOGGING. In blogging, it is journaling your ideas to which others can react allowing a
thread of discussion to take place and which can be used online.
1. 4 GOOGLE GROUP OR GOOGLE FORM. Is an application that can be used in a
collaborative documentation of ideas contributed by members of the team.
 - Many of us are engaged in technology or in digital world. We, the learners of this new
generation should know and understand the different uses of tools and applications and
how these tools can help us in our works or study. We need to explore the different tools
and applications and be familiar with their features.
DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
- The 21 century has redefined digital literacy. It has broadened it perspective to include
other aspects of the 21 context. These literacies include: Cyber Literacy or Digital
Literacy, Media Literacy, Arts, and Creativity Literacy, Financial Literacy, Multicultural
Literacy or Global Understanding.
- The students nowadays are generally tech-savvy or digital natives. They practically know
how to go about a tablet and IPad smartphones or laptops better than anyone else. This
suggests their digital skills. However, are all student's digital literate?
- Using the digital tools, accessing information, and exhibit in ways of working in a
globally competitive context together with skills in living in the 21st century, refer to the
digital literacies. Do you feel confident when you search for information on the intermet?
Do you easily locate relevant resources? Do you think you are capable of optimizing the
use of the online tools such as Facebook or google when studying or doing schoolwork?
How do you manage your digital identity?
- The skills you need to be able to perform well in these situations are known as digital
literacy. In the 21st century you need to be equipped with ICT skills to be abreast with
the demands in the workplace
What are digital literacies?
- Digital literacies are the individual's capabilities to be able to effectively and responsibly
function and perform in a digital society, the term digital literacy was coined by Paul
Gilster in 1997 and it came from the discussion of the concepts on
(a)visual literacy when images and nonverbal symbols try to capture the knowledge;
(b) technological literacy requiring one to be able to use technology in addressing a need;
(c) computer litera which in the 1980s is started to become a household item manipulated
I to achieve once target, and
(d) information literacy which refers to the finding evaluating using and sharing of
information.
- In the teaching and learning context, digital steracy is an important competence in
schools and has been a buzzword which refers to the ability to access process understand
utilize create media content using Information technologies and intemet.
The Digital Literacies
 Media literacy is one's ability to critically read information or content and utilize
multimedia in creatively producing communications.
  Information Literacy is locating information from the web and interpreting while
evaluating its validity in order that it can be shared.
 ICT Literacy is knowing how to select and use digital devices, applications, or services to
accomplish tasks requiring the use of the internet.
 Communications and Collaboration are one's capabilities in being able to participate in
the digital networks in the teaching and learning context.
 Identity Management is being able to understand how to ensure safety and security in
managing online identity and foster a positive digital reputation.
 Learning Skills are ways of knowing how to study and learn in a technology enriched
environment this is knowing how to utilize technology in addressing the need to leam
efficiently.
 Digital Scholarship - is being able to link and participate in professional and research
practices.
The 4 Cs of the 21" Century Skills
 Critical Thinking is learning how to solve problems.
 Creativity-requires students to think out of the box and to take pride in what is uniquely
theirs.
 Communication makes students express their ideas in the clearest and organized manner.
Through varied modes-face-to-face, technologically mediated or a blended medium, they
need to know how to convey ideas efficiently and clearly.
 Collaboration happens when students know how to work well with others to accomplish a
given task or solve a problem at hand.
In addition to the 4cs, there are Citizenship and Character.
Digital Literacy Skills vs. Digital Literacy
 Coding is a universal language. Basic understanding of HTML, CSS and the like will
create a shared understanding of what can be done with the web pages.
 Collaboration the use of Google docs among others allows student to begin
experimenting with effective online collaboration.
 Cloud Software This is essential part of document management. The cloud is used to
store everything from photos to research projects, to term papers and even music.
 Word Processing Software Google, Microsoft Online Drop Box are available for storage
and management solutions.
 Screen casting-A screencast is a video recording using the computer screen, and usually
includes an audio. On the other hand, when you take a picture on the screen of your
computer, it is called a Print screen.
 Personal Archiving Students should be taught the concepts of meta-data, tagging,
keywords and categories to make them aware how they are represented online.
 Information evaluation Critical thinking to weed out fake news is a crucial 21 century
skill.
  Use of social media - Social media serves different purposes depending on the user, the
technology, and the need.
Digital literacy has been defined in many ways that is understandable by both digital natives
and digital immigrants. Teachers and students should not only be proficient in how to use
(digital skills) but they need to see the information and media technology to find, evaluate,
create, and communicate information requiring both cognitive and technical skills. Digital
literacy also creates new ways to teach and learn within the classroom
SUMMARY
Here are some pointers to remember
 Instructional materials are of great help in stimulating and facilitating the leaming of the
learners.
 Integrating ICT tools will reveal the usefulness of employing ICT Tools in a wider range
of the teaching and leaming process.
 QR Code allows the readers to decode the information at a high rate of speed.
Infographics are useful for sharing information because they can improve cognition.
ePortfolio is a collection of electronic evidence assembled and managed by a user.
 One way to engage students is to give them a challenge and a chance to work together
using collaborative tools.
 Using the digital tools, accessing information, and exhibit in ways of working in a
globally competitive context together with skills in living in the 21st century, refer to the
digital literacies.

MODULE 4
ONLINE DISTANCE EDUCATION AND COMMUNITIES OF LEARNERS
Flexible Learning Environment
- Learning nowadays is viewed differently. The present generation of learners has access to
information at their fingertips. The teacher is no longer seen as basically the dispenser of
knowledge but rather as one who expertly directs the learners to take their own track in
searching for answers to questions raised inside the classroom.
- Then they bring this back to the class for further discussion until perhaps resolutions are
agreed. They can search the web and discover a breadth of information related to the
lesson. They even have the patience to stay in front of the computer for an unusually
longer time in search for more articles and multimedia materials that simplify challenging
topic. That is why they can sometimes learn more than what is confined in the four
corners of the classroom.
Online Distance Learning
 - Online distance learning is not a new concept. Some schools, higher education
institutions in the country, and educational agencies such as the Southeast Asian
Ministers of Education Innovations in Educational Technology (SEAMO-INNOTECH)
provide this mode of learning. It allows flexibility in learning to a certain extent.
- Online learning means that your educational tool is based on (and accessible from) the
Internet.
- You may also hear this as "cloud-based" education solutions. Regardless of its name,
online learning programs are anytime/anywhere tools, which also means learning from
home. Students learn in the comfort of their own homes or satellite areas set up by their
schools.
- Online learning tools are a staple of a blended learning environment. They are most
often used in the classroom during class time. As part of a blended learning environment,
students use online learning for a portion of class time before transitioning to class
discussion, skills practice, lecture, or projects.
- There are many reasons that teacher use online leaming in the classroom. Instructors may
use webinars, videos, audio recordings, email, snail mail, or textbooks to teach their
students.
Positive Impact of Online Distance Learning for Teachers and Students Online Learning
Tools Saves Teachers Time
- The #1 complaint we hear from CTE teachers is teaching takes too much time outside the
classroom. Plus, every teacher is responsible for a lot of students these days. It's common
for teachers to be responsible for more than 200 students at a time. With so many learners
depending on you, planning can take an eternity outside the classroom. Then you must
factor in grading, progress reports, one-on-one time, and other teaching requirements.
Online Tools Engage Students
- There is a disturbing trend in education today. Students do not necessarily fall because
they do not understand the material they are learning. They fail because they are bored.
Online learning eliminates boredom as a factor of failure. The idea is that students lose
interest in class-long lectures and projects. Online learning gives the teacher more ways
to jump among different teaching styles. So, the first portion of class could feature bell
work. Then, students can move into online learning modules, followed by a lecture from
the instructor. This is also known as a blended learning environment. By diversifying the
way, you teach, you maximize the advantages of each teaching style while minimizing
their disadvantages. The results are more engaged students who retain information better
in the long run.
Online Distance Learning
- Is Worldwide Students in any part of the world only need internet access to learn,
complete assignments, and eam credentials in their field. There would be a time-zone
 difference and the student would have to meet that challenge, but they could still
complete a course from the other side of the world. This is perfect for students separated
from the school they want to attend, and it also helps students with packed schedules,
social anxiety, and/or health complications. But it is a great way for students to leam in
circumstances where they otherwise can't.
Schools Offering Online Learning/Courses In the Philippines.
1. AMA University Online Education (AMA OEd) AMA University Online
Education is the first full online education in the Philippines. The online university
provides its students educational materials that they can access anytime and
anywhere.
2. University of the Philippines Open University Living up to its prestigious school
counterparts, UPOU is a National Center of Excellence in Open and Distance
Education. Students go through independent study of specially designed learning
materials (ie. print, video and multimedia). Moreover, interaction takes place
through a virtual classroom, text, and teleconferencing. Final exams are then
conducted online or face-to-face at designated learning centers.
3. Polytechnic University of the Philippines Open University The PUP Open
University System (PUP OUS), also known as the "Pamantasang Bayan," allows
you to choose from studying independently with the guidance of a tutor who
grades and comments on your work, or communicating with your classmates and
teachers through an online classroom. The institution particularly caters to
professionals who wish to complete their degrees or graduate programs without
having to take a leave from their respective jobs. PUP OUS integrates professional
insights in their curriculum, in collaboration. with the Professional Regulations
Commission (PRC), the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), and other
government agencies.
4. New Era University (NEU) Through the NEU Open and Online University, New
Era University caters to individuals who want to learn on their own and believe
that non-traditional learning is convenient and practical. There are two modes of
Instruction used by NEU-OU. One is the asynchronous mode of delivery. In this
mode, students can access their learning materials anytime. These will be sent as
email attachments. While the other mode is the synchronous mode of delivery. In
this mode, leamers can attend classes in a virtual classroom. The video conference
will be conducted through NEU-OU's Internet Broadcast Station.
5. Benguet State University Open University The Benguet State University Open
University was established in 1997 with the intention of providing accessible
education for Filipinos. Students are given course modules and can meet their
professors and classmates once a month. Consultations with professors are done
through the Internet, telephone, or cellphone.
This makes studying through BSU-OU accessible and affordable The Different Platforms The
flexible mode of learning uses a platform such as Moodle, Google classroom, Edmodo
Schoology, etc. These are free programs designed for educational purposes. It has features that
are patented after the instructional activities of a teacher in a physical classroom. When you use
this, you can hold a lesson post questions for discussion, hold an online chat discussion, give
assessment activities and provide references or links to the other online matertals. Features
relevant to instruction and facilitating of learning.
Moodle
- Moodle was created by Martin Dougiamas, founder, and CEO of Moodle MOODLE
stands for Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Leaming Environment which is an open
source software. It is a Leaming Management System (LMS) that supports teaching and
leaming. Moodie enables you to create a private leaming space online full of engaging
activities and material. You will always have full control of all your data and the way
your staff, students and clients are on-boarded into the system.
- Dr. Martin Dougiamas is best known as the founder of the open-source Moodle LMS
(used by over 60% of all higher education in the world). He is now the CEO of the
Moodle project, which produces Moodle Apps, Moodle Cloud, Moodle Educator
Certifications, Moodle Workplace and more
- Martin has a mixed academic background with multiple past-graduate degrees in
Computer Science and Education and two honorary doctorates (from Spain and
Belgium). He continues to focus on researching how technology can support teaching and
leaming in open and human ways, especially when it supports the UN's sustainable
development goals.
Features of Moodle
 Open source True, full-featured open source ensures you own your site and your content
on your own-terms.
 Full integration Strong admin features to make it Integrate perfectly into any situation
and with platforms and services like Google Apps, Microsoft Office 365, Next Cloud,
and others
 Customizable Modern interface that can be customized through themes and settings to
tailor your site to your organization's and leamers needs.
 Extensible Thousands of free community-created plugins to add new functionality to
support ousands of free community-created students, teachers, and administrators
 Accessibility Build your multimedia content with full support for all students, following
common cessibilty standards. Benefit from integrated accessibility checking tools when
adding and editing your text.
 Mobile-ready Strong support on mobile devices (phones, tablets, and laptops) with full
functionality
  Analytics and tracking Monitor your leamers with enhanced completion tracking and
personalized leaming plans. built from competency frameworks and leaming objectives,
Benefit from Moodle's powerful analytics to predict and support learners at risk of
failing.
We can easily understand of what the impact of technology in our current education system is
globally. It can change the various activities in the classroom that is efficient in discussing,
minimal time consume, more active participatory involvement, and a more enjoyable way to
learn.
Some of these platforms that can help is Moodle that features many aspects for a more diverse
leaming than our traditional customs of leaming. That being maximize our time efficiently and
providing a convenient way to study, whenever and wherever we are.
Google Classroom
- Google Classroom is a free service for teachers and students. It is an LMS platform that
is accessible google account. You can create classes and perform your roles and functions
as a facilitator of learning. It is a free web service, developed by Google for schools, that
aims to simplify creating, distributing, and grading assignments in a paperless way. The
primary purpose of Google Classroom is to streamline the process of sharing files
between teachers and student.
Things you can do with Google Classroom
Add announcements and lesson material
- Give your students announcements about your lesson. Add lesson materials in the
announcements. That way, students can find everything quickly. You can add materials
from Google drive, connected to that Google Classroom lesson, add files and images
from your computer, add a YouTube video and add any other link you want your students
to visit.
Add Assignments
- Just like adding an announcement, you can add an assignment to you course. It works the
same way, but here you get the option to add a due date. It will notify your students when
they must make an assignment and it will also appear in their Calendar,
Grade an Assignment
- Afterwards, you can check and grade the assignments your students have handed in.
Manage Students
- Of course, your students must be able to share comments or not. That is completely up to
you.
Edmodo
 - In 2008 Edmodo was created by Nic Borg, Jeff O'Hara, and Crystal Hutter. Martina
(2015) compared Edmodo and google classroom in her blog. Although she discussed
several commonalities, there are apparently differences but with technology, things
evolve in so short time.
What is Edmodo used for?
- Edmodo is an educational website that takes the ideas of social network and refines them
and makes. it appropriate for a classroom. Using Edmodo, students and teachers can
reach out to one another and connect by sharing ideas, problems, and helpful tips.
What is this guide for?
- This is to be used as a resource. It is not a guide on how you should use Edmodo, but
simply a how- to. Edmodo is an incredibility flexible and powerful educational tool that
can be adapted and used in just about any class in a variety of ways.
Google Classroom vs. Edmodo: Key Features and Services Comparison
- Both Google Classroom and Edmodo are designed to help teachers supplement their
classroom. lessons. With th both platforms, teachers can organize their course content,
track assignment status and communicate with students.
- Google Classroom and Edmodo and compared them to LMS Comparison Guide.
Schoology
- It is a social networking service and virtual learning environment for K-12 school
academic content. Also known as a leaming management system (LMS) or course
management system (CMS), the cloud-based platform provides tools needed to manage
an online classroom.
What makes Schoology great?
Focused on K-12 schools just like yours
- Elementary students do not leam the same way as college students or adults. Schoology
was designed for all students-from Kindergarten through 12th grade-to be fully engaged
with their leaming.
Designed for district success.
- Schoology has spent the last 10 years learning from our 1,600+ customers and more than
20 million users about what products and services classrooms, schools and entire districts
need to be successful.
Bring your community together
 - Learning is not just about teachers and students. Schoology allows you to bring everyone
together- students, teachers, coaches, parents, administrators with one communication
and collaboration platform.
200+educational tools and platform Integrations
- Schoology has very tool your classroom needs and comes pre-integrated with more than
200 tools, student information systems (SIS) and education platforms.
MOOC
- A massive open online course (MOOC) is a model for delivering leaming content online
to any person who wants to take a course, with no limit on attendance.
1. MOOC-Based Alternative Credentials; what is the value for the learner?
- With leamers today earning more substantive credentials and, in some cases, academic
credits through MOOCs, the authors designed a study to investigate the benefits and costs
to learners who are engaging in a series of open, online courses that provide a
culminating non-degree credential.
2. Voice from Afar, Building the Academic Practitioner Bridge
- Online applied graduate programs that target working professionals are rapidly growing
in number. One program at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Incorporated strategies to enhance the learning experience by using authentic elements in
course and program design.
- Whilst Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) undeniably represent a change of
scale, they are nevertheless part of the age-old concept of distance leaming. MOOCs are
defined ned by by their t audience and their format. These courses are open to one and all
and have no physical limitations because they are completely digitized and accessible
over the internet with no barriers. The MOOCs are distinguished by two main types:
"MOOC" or "trans missive MOOC that guides the students like a teacher along a clearly
defined path; and connectivist MOOC in which leamers themselves construct their own
course.
Synchronous and Asynchronous
- In programming, synchronous operations block instructions until the task is completed,
while asynchronous operations can execute without blocking other operations
Asynchronous operations are generally completed by firing an event or by calling a
provided callback function
- An online chat at real time is the Synchronous session. Course participants meet in a
virtual classroom and discuss in the topic of lesson. So, wherever they are situated in the
world, they agree on a scheduled session and log in to join the live class. The LMS has
this feature.
 - The teacher called as the online tutor facilities the discussion , Ideas are posted in an
actual live class. One cannot lecture and take all the time in explaining. In this mode, the
course participants are made to engage in the flow of discussion that is why, the online
tutor has a plan out the instruction guide in facilitating the discourse
- Another important feature is the Asynchronous session. This is when questions or task
are posted, and course participants answer the question or post their reply at any time
most convenient to them. They can still participate in the discussion by replying to the
post. One advantage is that you can take your time when replying.
- Both synchronous and asynchronous transmission have their benefits and limitations.
Asynchronous transmission is used for sending a s small amount of data while
asynchronous transmission is used for ir sending bulk amount of data. Thus, we can say
that both synchronous and asynchronous transmission are essential for the overall process
of data transmission.
Blended Learning
- Blended Learning is an approach to education that combines online educational
materials and opportunities for interaction online with traditional place-based classroom
methods. Another way of handling flexible learning is by combining modalities of
instructional delivery. Kinds of Blended Learning is highly context dependent. Therefore,
a universal conception of it is hard to come by.
- Blended Learning is a combination of leaming activities wherein a part of the lesson is
delivered online while the other part is handled in actual physical setting of a classroom.
It requires the physical presence of both teacher and student, with some elements of
students, with some elements of students control over time, place, path, or pace.
- Blended learning is a term increasingly used to describe the way e-learning is being
combined with traditional classroom methods and independent study to create a new,
hybrid teaching methodology. It represents a much greater change in basic technique than
simply adding computers to classrooms; it rooms: represents, in many cases, a
fundamental change in the way teachers and students approach the learning experience.
Kinds of Blended Learning
Model 1: Face-to-Face Driver
- In the face-to-face model, the teacher delivers the curricula most of the time and utilizes
online. learning at certain times with the purpose to augment or provide an alternative
experience. Instruction is provided in a computer laboratory or assigned tasks are
uploaded online.
Model 2: Rotation
- In a course or subject, students rotate on a fixed schedule between learning online in a
one-to-one, self-paced leaming environment and being inside the classroom with a face-
 to-face teacher. This is the model that is in between the traditional face-to-face earning
and online learning
Model 3: Flex
- This model uses online platform that delivers most of the course. Support to learning
provides as needed through on-site support or by an online tutor who facilitates the
tutorial or small groups sessions. Sessions can be arranged into synchronous or
asynchronous. Course participants may work on their tasks at any convenient time if it is
within the confines of the course the course duration.
Model 4: Online Lab
- The online lab model uses an online platforms in delivering the course but located in a
physical classroom or computer laboratory. Online lab model of blended learning may be
enrolled in a traditional classroom courses at the same time and therefore have blocked
schedules
Model 5: Self-Blend
- The Self-Blend Model is a system provided by the school where the students can choose
the courses they would like to have in addition to their typical brick-and-mortar
classroom classes. This model is always remote a major difference from the online lab.
Model 6: Online Driver
- The online-driver model utilizes a platform and a teacher that delivers all curricula.
Students remotely work on their program most of the time. If ever there is face-to-face
component, it is made optional or if ever it is required for students to go to the physical
leaming environment such in a school, then it can be extracurricular activities
augmenting the curriculum.
Planning and managing blended leaming experiences are very similar to planning and managing
a brick and mortar school with courses or subjects integrating technology. It needs to be system
wide as the school plans, develops guidelines for students to follow for the use of technology in
a blended format and provide a resource guide.
Online Communities of Learning/Social Networking
- When we consider online networking, Internet users immediately referred to Facebook.
Everybody seems to have a Facebook account and uses these to communicate. If the
teaching and learning situation, you work an information, data and collaborate with
classmates friends, teachers and other members of society, then social networking can
also be appropriately employed as an educational tool.
What is networking?
 - is defined as that group of individuals who communicates and connects on a regular
basis. -The action or process of interacting with others to exchange information and
develop professional or social contacts.
Social Networking Platforms
- Different ways to communicate with friends can be through the internet or mobile
devices on can have a personal page where a profile can be built in a social networking
site. Through this site, one can contact friends or share resources and interest. Topics
being discussed can be posted and made known therefore read by many or it can be
discreet through a direct chat.
- Social networking services have been evolving for more than a decade.
- Initially, these social networking service allowed users to construct their personal profile
so have now evolved to sharing of multimedia resources There are varied platforms
available where one can create a personal account. Some of these popular social
networking sites include Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, Flicker, Youtube, and Linkedin
among others
Facebook
- Apparently is the biggest social networking site founded in 2004 based in Menlo Park,
California?
- The most popular social network apparently is Facebook.
- used by most people, it allows users to post their profile, blogs, pictures, and video.
- founded in 2004 based in Menlo Park, Califomia
Twitter
- Does not only provide social networking service but it also gives online news.
- Breaking news has taken a new twist with this social networking website.
- Twitter is the site where users post and interact with messages called 'tweets" restricted
only 140 characters
- Release latest news.
- Founded on March 21, 2006 in San Francisco, California.
Linkedin
- It is another social networking website for work.
- When one is trying to find a job and many not have contacts, Linkedin helps one search
for career connections
- Founded on December 14, 2002 and launch on May 5, 2003.
- The website lets one upload his educational qualifications, skills, work history, and
relevant experiences.
Google +
 - It is designed to be a total communication social networking.
- Launched in 2011, Google is its parent and it is more advantageous if its kept as a
browser for users are connected even if they are outside Google site.
YouTube
- It is an American video-sharing website where users can upload, view, and even share
video clips or multimedia productions.
- It is a free social network site to join and use.
Pinterest
- It is another social media tool that like You Tube, is often thought of as otherwise.
- Was designed as a catalogue of ideas or project ideas by its founder Ben Silberman.
- This platform consists of digital bulletin boards where businesses can pin their content.
- 100 million users.
Instagram
- It is a platform where users share visual stories
- This system allows users to post photos with captions allowing followers to like or
comment on one's pots.
- Photos shared have a wide range of coverage-frips, food, business products.
- Many of its users use it to post information about travel, fashion, food, art, and similar
subjects
- Launched on October 8, 2010.
Tumblr
- It is a networking site that combines social media and blogging.
- Users can post whatever they like such as photos, videos, quotes, music, and links.
- Was founded by David Karp in February 2007.
MySpace
- It is another popular social networking website where members can make friends, post
blogs and photos, videos
- MySpace to keep up with their favorite artists, have an update on the music industry, see
what their friends are listening to, and connect with people who have similar music
preferences.
Flickr
- It is an image and video hosting website that was created by Ludicorp in 2004.
Bebo
- Acronym for 'Blog Early, Blog Often
 - Founded by Husband-and-wife team Michel and Xochi Birch in January 2005 at
their home in San Francisco.
Benefits of using Social Networking Sites
- The world has become a global village through connectivity. It is an easy access to
keeping in touch with friends or keeping tabs abs on family.
- Getting connected to family and friends is now a few clicks away.
- A major advantage of social networking websites is that they provide a lot of
information.
- Social networking websites can support leaming or augment educational activities.
Dangers of using Social Networking Sites
- One major risk is making friends with strangers who may be a predator or a cyberbully.
- Topping these risks is also the danger of users getting hooked on internet and may learn
to ignore the real world.
Safeguarding Oneself When Using Social Networking Sites
- You need to understand and take precautionary measures to safeguard yourself in social
networking websites. Networking can be confined and monitored within the school
system. Students can use social networking platforms design for educational purposes
that will allow students to post share and discuss Insights gained from an activity.
- There are a lot of sites that the students can use to collaborate when an exchange of
knowledge just like a social networking platform. One drawback, however, is that
sometimes youngsters are not enticed to use this social networking platforms because
they are not as attractive as Facebook or twitter.
When young users prefer to use a social networking website that is outside of the school system
teach them to stay safe to some precautionary cautionary measures:
1. A social networking account has passwords and login details. Secure passwords and keep
them private.
2. Log out every time you use public computers.
3. Regularly check privacy settings of social networking websites so that only direct friends
or those particularly known can see the post.
4. Online post are saved and may become a permanent part of their online reputation. As
you use the intermet you leave a digital footprint which can be traced back to you.
5. Do not accept invite from contacts unless you know them personally or you are sure of
their identity.
6. Seriously consider the effect of possible post on others before deciding to do so. If post
could be considered offensive or humiliating another person then you refrain from
posting or uploading it.
 7. Using appropriate language is essential the tone when communicating or sending social
networking messages should be respectful.
8. Better be safe than sorry you should accept friends and connections when you are sure of
the person's Identity personally meeting someone you only met online if discourage even
if the sincerity of having a person meeting looks convincing it would be better if you will
be accompanied.
9. When there is an indication of harassment or abuse it is advised that you report this by
clicking the report button of accuse. It is better stili to talk to friends or trusted adults
about the case.
10.Bullying takes place even in social networking websites. Cyberbullying uses the sites
messages update and other functions to harass, intimidate, humiliate, taunt, or pick on the
individual. When this happens, you can do the following actions:
A. Ignore the behavior by not responding at all
B. block the person
C. click the report button of abuse
D. talk to a trustworthy adult about it
- Connecting with friends and having an active life on social networking websites have its
rewards. However, when one is not taking precautionary steps there is also imminent
danger. It is more beneficial if you understand its potential when used properly.
- Online resources have made an entire revolution in education, not only because they are
convenient and accessible, but because they make the entire process of teaching and
learning more interesting and memorable. There are free and paid online resources for
college students and they usually complement one another quite well. Each student will
prefer different resources according to their subjects of interest and. learning styles, but
there are universally great tools that impress nearly every student who tries them.
ONLINE RESOURCES, EDUCATIONAL SITES AND PORTALS
- In general, web pages and documents on the internet that provide useful information are
also known as online resources. While an online resource is archetypal data and
educational in nature, any support software available online can also be considered a
resource.
Types of Online Resources
 Electronic Journals also known as e journals, and electric serials, are scholarly journals or
intellectual magazines that can be accessed via electronic transmission.
 E-book - is an electronic version of a traditional print book that can be read by using a
personal computer or by using an E-book reader.
 Online Database is database accessible from a local network or the Internet, as opposed
to one that is in store locally on an individual computer or its attached storage.
  Websites is a collection of related network web resources, such as web pages, multimedia
content, which are typically identified with a common domain name, and published on at
least one web server.
The range of online resources is considerable and growing all the time. The type, quality and
usefulness of resources varies enormously especially for academic users there are both free and
fee resources. New users should be made aware of the differences, benefits, and drawbacks of
various kinds of resources.
A lot of information is found in the net. These can be explored and studied to determine their
relevance to the lesson. There are concerned parties that host educational services through
websites and portals. Like a door, the portal opens to a virtual room where activities,
applications, articles provide ideas and suggest ways on the use of technology tools.
There are many websites found on the internet. Some have got importance while some are
aimed at just brain washing of the people who view those websites. The importance is depicted
when the contents of the thing come into great use of specific group of people.
What are Educational Sites?
 Educational sites or educational websites can include websites that have games, videos,
or topic related resources learning and supplement classroom teaching.
 These websites help make the process of leaming entertaining and attractive to the
students, especially in two days age.
10 Educational Websites to Help You Teach for Free
1. EdX: edx.org-is an online education stop and MOOC provider, contributing high-quality
programs from the world's best colleges and universities to students throughout.
2. Academic Earth: academicearcth.org - the website provides a large of educational choices
to the student from conventional to modem studies.
3. Internet Achieve: archieve.org is an authoritative website collecting the originals from
several great websites.
4. Big Think: bigthink.com – these specialist draft reports and release tutorials for the
disciplines, following the content is more filtered by the commentary crew of the website,
giving real material to the students.
5. Coursera: courser.org – it is entirely a user friendly website. Scholars can find prominent
colleges and a sharable computerize course certificate
6. Brightstorm: brightstorm.com – they deliver guidance in all matters from mathematics to
science, history, and other subjects.
7. CosmoLearning: cosmolearning.com -this specific gateway implements educational as
well as skill-based knowledge to the learners.
8. Futures Channel: thefutureschannel.com - it only outlines the important data feeding to
the obstacles confronted by scholars.
 9. Howcast: howcast.com it is one-stop solution websites for all the questions, none of the
above online educational portals have these diverse sectors.
10.Khan Academy: knanacademy.org is an online coaching portal as an educational website.
What is a portal?
 Web portal/portal is specially designed website that provides information catered from
various sources such as emalis, online, forums, search engines in a uniform way.
 Web portals often provide a look and feel for organizations and enterprises, and provide
access control procedures, It is important that we carefully consider what websites to
introduce to the students. It is essential that the websites that are safe (that have no adult
ads or links) and have reliable content.
 Educational portals that provide resources for the educational or instructional activities of
a specific group of individuals are like the enterprise resource portals found in the
corporate world. Some educational institutions provide access commercial software via a
network or internet connection.
What is the right mindset of a teacher in using of the digital tool?
- With the fast-paced development of technology, educational sites portals or applications
change is Inevitable. Working on a tool at the moment, will for sure change as designers
continually work to upgrade the features and design the tool to integrate new aspects.
This is expected, that is why knowing a digital tool and Its features may not be enough
because there is a tendency of it evolving through time. As you prepare to become a
teacher by learning how to utilize this digital tools. You need to have the right mindset or
a way of thinking how these tools can be effectively integrated in the lesson.
- A lot of features may find it daunting to use a technology tool in a lesson. The anxiety to
explore the possibility can be overwhelming. But for one who has the openness to learn
and continuously study the features of the fool can possibly lead to a more productive
way of designing a technology enhanced lesson. Hold on to the positive attitude and
openness to learn. Nurture the curiosity and sustain the passion to improve practice.
- Persevere as you learn to adapt to the evolving digital tools. Once you get the habit of
exploring the tools perhaps taking one step at a time and expanding your ideas on how to
create your videos will eventually see your transformation as a teacher.
SUMMARY
Here are some pointers to remember:
- The teacher is no longer seen as basically the dispenser of knowledge but rather as one
who expertly directs the learners to take their own track in searching for answers to
questions raised inside the classroom.
- Online learning tools are a staple of a blended learning environment.
- The flexible mode of learning uses a platform such as Moodie, Google classroom,
Edmodo, Schoology. etc.
- Blended learning is a term increasingly used to describe the way e-learning is being
combined with traditional classroom methods and independent study to create a new,
hybrid teaching methodology.
- There are a lot of sites that the students can use to collaborate when an exchange of
knowledge just like a social networking platform.
- Web pages and documents on the internet that provide useful information are also known
as online resources.
- Educational sites or educational websites can include websites that have games, videos,
or topic related resources learning and supplement classroom teaching.
- Web portal/portal is specially designed website that provides information catered from
various sources such as emails, online, forums, search engines in a uniform way.