Introduction to Excel: About Excel:

• What is Excel: Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet application.

• Purpose: It's used for various tasks like data organization, analysis, and
visualization.
• Key Features: Offers functions, formulas, charts, and data manipulation
tools.
• Applications: Widely used in finance, business, science, and education.
• Online Version: Excel Online is a web-based version for collaborative
work.
• Automation: Supports macros for task automation.
• Data Import/Export: Easily imports data from various sources and exports
in different formats.
• Visualizations: Creates charts and graphs for data representation.
Introduction to Excel:About Microsoft:

• Company: Microsoft Corporation is a global technology company.

• Product Range: Known for Windows OS, Microsoft Office Suite, Azure cloud
services, and more.
• Industry Influence: One of the world's leading technology companies.
• Innovation: Constantly develops and updates its products.
• Excel Integration: Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite.
• Support and Resources: Offers extensive documentation, tutorials, and a user
community.
• Cloud Services: Provides cloud-based solutions for businesses, including
Microsoft 365.
Uses of Excel

• Microsoft Excel is a versatile spreadsheet application that finds numerous uses in various fields due to its ability to
efficiently organize, calculate, and analyze data. Here are some common uses of Excel:
• Financial Analysis: Excel is extensively used for financial modeling, budgeting, and forecasting. It can perform complex
financial calculations, track expenses, and create financial reports.
• Data Entry and Storage: Excel is an excellent tool for storing large sets of data, such as customer lists, inventory records,
and employee information.
• Data Analysis: Users can analyze data using functions and formulas, sort and filter data, and create pivot tables to
summarize and visualize data trends.
• Graphs and Charts: Excel allows users to create various types of charts and graphs, including bar charts, line charts, pie
charts, and scatter plots, to visualize data and trends.
• Project Management: Excel can be used for project planning and tracking tasks, timelines, and resources. Gantt charts are
often created in Excel for project management.
• Statistical Analysis: Excel provides a wide range of statistical functions, making it useful for data analysis and hypothesis
testing in research and scientific studies.
Uses of Excel

• Inventory Management: Excel can be used to track inventory levels, reorder points, and manage stock records for
businesses.
• Time Tracking: Users can create timesheets and track employee work hours, making it useful for payroll and attendance
management.
• Sales and Marketing: Excel is used for customer relationship management (CRM), sales tracking, lead generation, and
marketing campaign analysis.
• Educational Purposes: Teachers and students use Excel for educational tasks, including grade calculations, data analysis
for research projects, and creating visual aids for presentations.
• Human Resources: HR departments use Excel for managing employee information, recruitment, performance evaluations,
and payroll processing.
• Business Analysis: Excel can be employed for business planning, SWOT analysis, market research, and creating business
dashboards.
Uses of Excel

• Scientific Research: Scientists and researchers use Excel to record experimental data, perform data analysis, and create
visualizations for research papers.
• Personal Finance: Individuals use Excel for personal finance management, including budgeting, expense tracking, and
investment portfolio analysis.
• Data Visualization: Excel's charting capabilities help create visual representations of data for reports and presentations.
• Data Validation: Excel can enforce data entry rules and validate data to ensure accuracy and consistency.
• Automation: Excel supports macros and VBA programming, allowing users to automate repetitive tasks and create custom
solutions.
• Data Import/Export: It can import data from various sources and export it in different formats, enhancing data integration
and sharing capabilities.
Excel software

• Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet software application developed by Microsoft.

• It provides a grid-like interface for organizing, analyzing, and visualizing data.
• Users can perform calculations, create charts and graphs, and manage data
efficiently.
• Excel is widely used in various fields, from finance and business to education and
research, for tasks like data analysis, budgeting, and reporting.
• It supports functions, formulas, automation, and data import/export, making it a
versatile tool for data-related tasks.
Spreadsheet window pane
Spreadsheet window pane

• In Microsoft Excel, the term "window pane" typically refers to the different sections or areas
within the Excel application window where you can view and work with your spreadsheet data.
Excel provides several key window panes to help you navigate and manipulate your data
effectively. These panes include:
• Worksheet Area: This is the central and largest portion of the Excel window. It is where you enter,
edit, and view the data in your spreadsheet. The worksheet area consists of a grid of cells organized
into rows and columns.
• Formula Bar: The formula bar is located just above the worksheet area. It displays the contents of
the currently selected cell, allowing you to view and edit cell contents, including formulas and text.
• Column and Row Headers: The column headers are located at the top of the worksheet area,
while the row headers are on the left side. These headers display the column letters (A, B, C, etc.)
and row numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.) to help you reference and navigate specific cells in the worksheet
• Sheet Tabs: At the bottom of the Excel window, you'll find sheet tabs. These tabs represent
individual worksheets within your Excel workbook. You can click on these tabs to switch between
different sheets in the same workbook.
Spreadsheet window pane

• Horizontal and Vertical Scroll Bars: If your worksheet contains more data than can fit within the
visible area, Excel provides horizontal and vertical scroll bars at the bottom and right side of the
worksheet area. You can use these scroll bars to move around the worksheet and view hidden data.
• Status Bar: The status bar is located at the bottom of the Excel window. It provides information
about various Excel functions, such as the current cell mode (e.g., "Ready"), and it also includes
options like zoom settings and view shortcuts.
• Ribbon: The ribbon is a tabbed toolbar that runs across the top of the Excel window. It contains
various tabs (e.g., Home, Insert, Formulas) that organize Excel's features and commands into
categories. Clicking on a tab displays additional commands and options related to that category.
• Task Panes: Task panes are resizable windows that can appear on the right side of the Excel
window. They provide access to specific tasks and features, such as formatting options, chart
elements, or pivot table fields.
• Title Bar: The title bar is at the very top of the Excel window and displays the name of the
currently open workbook. It also contains the Minimize, Maximize/Restore, and Close buttons for
controlling the Excel application window.
• Menu Bar: Excel used to have a traditional menu bar (File, Edit, View, etc.), but this was replaced
with the Ribbon interface in later versions. The menu bar is not present in recent Excel versions
(Excel 2007 onwards).
• Standard Toolbar: The standard toolbar, also known as the Quick Access Toolbar, is a
customizable toolbar located just above the Ribbon or below the title bar. You can add frequently
used commands to it for quick access.
• Formatting Toolbar: In older versions of Excel (pre-2007), there was a Formatting Toolbar that
provided quick access to formatting options like font style, size, and alignment. This toolbar has
been replaced by the Ribbon in newer versions.
• Ribbon: The Ribbon is the main user interface element in modern versions of Excel (Excel 2007
and later). It consists of tabs (e.g., Home, Insert, Page Layout, etc.), each containing groups of
related commands. The Ribbon provides a graphical and organized way to access Excel's features
and functions.
• File Tab and Backstage View: Clicking on the File tab (or the "Office" button in older versions)
opens the Backstage View. Here, you can access various file-related actions like creating, opening,
saving, and printing workbooks, as well as managing Excel options.
• Formula Bar: The Formula Bar is located just below the Ribbon and displays the contents of the
currently selected cell. You can also use it to edit cell contents, especially formulas. You can
expand it to show more lines for complex formulas.
• Workbook Window: Excel allows you to work with multiple workbooks simultaneously, and each
workbook has its own window. The workbook window contains the grid of cells where you enter
and manipulate data.
• Status Bar: The status bar is located at the bottom of the Excel window. It provides information
about the current status of your workbook, such as summing values in a selected range, showing
average, and more. You can also customize the status bar to display specific information.
• Task Pane: The task pane is a versatile feature that can be used for various purposes. It can display
options and settings related to specific tasks, such as formatting cells, finding and replacing data, or
creating charts. You can open or close the task pane as needed.
Using Formulas

• Certainly! Formulas in Excel can be created by combining operators and cell

references to perform calculations. While functions are powerful tools, you can
use basic operators and cell references to create formulas.
SUM
The SUM function adds values. You can add individual values, cell references or ranges or a mix of all three.

For example:
=SUM(A2:A10) Adds the values in cells A2:10.
=SUM(A2:A10, C2:C10) Adds the values in cells A2:10, as well as cells C2:C10.
SUM
Average
Description-Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments. For example, if the range A1:A20 contains
numbers, the formula =AVERAGE(A1:A20) returns the average of those numbers.

• Syntax
• AVERAGE(number1, [number2], ...)
• The AVERAGE function syntax has the following arguments:

• Number1 Required. The first number, cell reference, or range for

which you want the average.
• Number2, ... Optional. Additional numbers, cell references or ranges
for which you want the average, up to a maximum of 255.
Average
IF

• IF is one of logical functions that evaluates a certain condition and returns one value if the
condition is TRUE, and another value if the condition is FALSE.

• The syntax of the IF function is as follows:

• IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

• Logical_test (required) - the condition to test. Can be evaluated as either TRUE or

FALSE.
• Value_if_true (optional) - the value to return when the logical test evaluates to TRUE, i.e.
the condition is met. If omitted, the value_if_false argument must be defined.
• Value_if_false (optional) - the value to return when the logical test evaluates to FALSE,
i.e. the condition is not met. If omitted, the value_if_true argument must be set.
IF
COUNT

• The COUNT function counts the number of cells that contain numbers, and counts
numbers within the list of arguments. Use the COUNT function to get the number of
entries in a number field that is in a range or array of numbers.

• Syntax
• COUNT(value1, [value2], ...)

• The COUNT function syntax has the following arguments:

• value1 Required. The first item, cell reference, or range within which you want to count
numbers.
• value2, ... Optional. Up to 255 additional items, cell references, or ranges within which
you want to count numbers.
COUNT
MAX

• Description-Returns the largest value in a set of values.

• Syntax
• MAX(number1, [number2], ...)

• The MAX function syntax has the following arguments:

• Number1, number2, ... Number1 is required, subsequent numbers are optional. 1
to 255 numbers for which you want to find the maximum value.
MAX
PROPER

• Description-Capitalizes the first letter in a text string and any other letters in text
that follow any character other than a letter. Converts all other letters to lowercase
letters.

• Syntax
• PROPER(text)

• The PROPER function syntax has the following arguments:

• Text Required. Text enclosed in quotation marks, a formula that returns text, or a
reference to a cell containing the text you want to partially capitalize.
PROPER
UPPER

• Description- Converts text to uppercase.

• Syntax
• UPPER(text)

• The UPPER function syntax has the following arguments:

• Text Required. The text you want converted to uppercase. Text can be a reference
or text string.
UPPER
LOWER

• Description-Converts all uppercase letters in a text string to lowercase.

• Syntax
• LOWER(text)

• The LOWER function syntax has the following arguments:

• Text Required. The text you want to convert to lowercase. LOWER does not
change characters in text that are not letters.
LOWER
AUTOSUM

• If you need to sum a column or row of numbers, let Excel do the math for you.
Select a cell next to the numbers you want to sum, click AutoSum on the Home
tab, press Enter, and you’re done.

• AutoSum on the Home tab

• When you click AutoSum, Excel automatically enters a formula (that uses the
SUM function) to sum the numbers.
AUTOSUM
CONCATENATE

• You can combine data from multiple cells into a single cell using the Ampersand
symbol (&) or the CONCATENATE(older virsion) , CONCAT(new version)
function.

• Combine data with the Ampersand symbol (&) Select the cell where you want to
put the combined data.

• Type = and select the first cell you want to combine.

• Type & and use quotation marks with a space enclosed.
• Select the next cell you want to combine and press enter. An example formula
might be =A2&" "&B2.
CONCATENATE

• Combine data using the CONCATENATE function Select the cell where you want
to put the combined data.

• Type =CONCATENATE (Select the cell you want to combine first. Use commas
to separate the cells you are combining and use quotation marks to add spaces,
commas, or other text.

• Close the formula with a parenthesis and press Enter. An example formula might
be =CONCATENATE (A2, " Family").
CONCATENATE
Vlookup

• Use VLOOKUP when you need to find things in a table or a range by row.
• For example, look up a price of an automotive part by the part number, or find an
employee name based on their employee ID.

• In its simplest form, the VLOOKUP function says:

• =VLOOKUP(What you want to look up, where you want to look for it, the
column number in the range containing the value to return, return an Approximate
or Exact match – indicated as 1/TRUE, or 0/FALSE).
Vlookup

• There are four pieces of information that you will need in order to build the VLOOKUP
syntax:
• The value you want to look up, also called the lookup value.
• The range where the lookup value is located. Remember that the lookup value should
always be in the first column in the range for VLOOKUP to work correctly. For example,
if your lookup value is in cell C2 then your range should start with C.
• The column number in the range that contains the return value. For example, if you
specify B2:D11 as the range, you should count B as the first column, C as the second, and
so on.
• Optionally, you can specify TRUE if you want an approximate match or FALSE if you
want an exact match of the return value. If you don't specify anything, the default value
will always be TRUE or approximate match.
Vlookup
Hlookup

• A HLOOKUP function in Excel exists of 4 components:

• Syntax: HLOOKUP([value], [range], [row number], [false or true])

• The value you want to look up;

• The range in which you want to find the value and the return value;
• The number of the row within your defined range, that contains the return value; 0
or FALSE for an exact match with the value your are looking for; 1 or TRUE for
an approximate match.
Hlookup
MATCH

• The MATCH function searches for a specified item in a range of cells, and then
returns the relative position of that item in the range.
• For example, if the range A1:A3 contains the values 5, 25, and 38, then the
formula =MATCH(25,A1:A3,0) returns the number 2, because 25 is the second
item in the range.
• Syntax: MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type])
MATCH

• Lookup_value (required) - the value you want to find. It can be a numeric, text or logical
value as well as a cell reference.
• Lookup_array (required) - the range of cells to search in.
• Match_type (optional) - defines the match type. It can be one of these values: 1, 0, -1. The
match_type argument set to 0 returns only the exact match, while the other two types
allow for approximate match.
• 1 or omitted (default) - find the largest value in the lookup array that is less than or equal to the
lookup value. Requires sorting the lookup array in ascending order, from smallest to largest or from
A to Z.
• 0 - find the first value in the array that is exactly equal to the lookup value. No sorting is required.
• -1 - find the smallest value in the array that is greater than or equal to the lookup value. The lookup
array should be sorted in descending order, from largest to smallest or from Z to A.
MATCH
COUNTIF

• Excel COUNTIF function is used for counting cells within a specified range that meet a
certain criterion, or condition.
• For example, you can write a COUNTIF formula to find out how many cells in your
worksheet contain a number greater than or less than the number you specify. Another
typical use of COUNTIF in Excel is for counting cells with a specific word or starting
with a particular letter(s).

• Syntax :COUNTIF(range, criteria)

• range - defines one or several cells to count. You put the range in a formula like you
usually do in Excel, e.g. A1:A20.
• criteria - defines the condition that tells the function which cells to count. It can be a
number, text string, cell reference or expression. For instance, you can use the criteria like
these: "10", A2, ">=10", "some text".
COUNTIF
TEXT

• The Excel TEXT Function is used to convert numbers to text within a spreadsheet.
Essentially, the function will convert a numeric value into a text string. TEXT is
available in all versions of Excel.

• Syntax:=Text(Value, format_text)

• Value is the numerical value that we need to convert to text

• Format_text is the format we want to apply
TEXT
TRIM

• the TRIM Function is categorized under Excel Text functions. TRIM helps remove
the extra spaces in data and thus clean up the cells in the worksheet.
• In financial analysis, the TRIM function can be useful in removing irregular
spacing from data imported from other applications.

• Syntax:=TRIM(text)

• Text (required argument) – This is the text from which we wish to remove spaces.
TRIM