Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)

Program 8: Simulate following File Organization Techniques a) Single level directory b) Two level directory

 A directory is a container that is used to contain folders and files. It organizes files and folders in a
hierarchical manner.
 Just like we use folders to keep your papers and documents in order, the operating system uses
directories to keep track of files and where they are stored.
 Different structures of directories can be used to organize these files, making it easier to find and
manage them.
1. Single-Level Directory
 The single-level directory is the simplest directory structure. In it, all files are contained in the
same directory which makes it easy to support and understand.

2. Two-Level Directory
 In the two-level directory structure, each user has their own user files directory (UFD).
 The UFDs have similar structures, but each lists only the files of a single user.
 System’s master file directory (MFD) is searched whenever a new user id is created.

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 1

 Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)

Program: Single Level Directory

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct
{
char dname[10],fname[10][10];
int fcnt;
}dir;
void main()
{
int i,ch; char f[30];
dir.fcnt = 0;
printf("\nEnter name of directory: ");
scanf("%s", dir.dname);
while(1)
{
printf("\n\n1. Create File\t2. Delete File\t3. Search File \t 4. Display Files\t5. Exit\n
Enter your choice : ");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1: printf("\nEnter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",dir.fname[dir.fcnt]);
dir.fcnt++;
break;
case 2: printf("\nEnter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(i=0;i<dir.fcnt;i++)
{

if(strcmp(f, dir.fname[i])==0)
{
printf("File %s is deleted ",f);
strcpy(dir.fname[i],dir.fname[dir.fcnt-1]);
break;
}
}
if(i==dir.fcnt)
printf("File %s not found",f);
else
dir.fcnt--;
break;
case 3: printf("\nEnter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(i=0;i<dir.fcnt;i++)

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 2

 Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)
{
if(strcmp(f, dir.fname[i])==0)
{
printf("File %s is found ", f);
break;
}
}
if(i==dir.fcnt)
printf("File %s not found",f);
break;
case 4: if(dir.fcnt==0)
printf("\nDirectory Empty");
else
{
printf("\nThe Files are -- ");
for(i=0;i<dir.fcnt;i++)

printf("\t%s",dir.fname[i]);
}
break;
default: exit(0);
}
}
}

Sample Output:

Enter name of directory: CSE

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the name of the file -- file1

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 1
Enter the name of the file -- file2

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 1
Enter the name of the file -- file3

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 4
The Files are -- file1 file2 file3

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 3

 Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)
1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit
Enter your choice : 3

Enter the name of the file -- file2

File file2 is found

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 2

Enter the name of the file -- file2

File file2 is deleted

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 3

Enter the name of the file -- file2

File file2 not found

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 4

The Files are -- file1 file3

1. Create File 2. Delete File 3. Search File 4. Display Files 5. Exit

Enter your choice : 5

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 4

 Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)

Program: Two-Level Directory

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct
{
char dname[10],fname[10][10];
int fcnt;
}dir[10];
void main()
{
int i,ch,dcnt,k;
char f[30], d[30];
dcnt=0;
while(1)
{
printf("\n\n1. Create Directory\t2. Create File\t3. Delete File");
printf ("\n4. Search File\t\t5. Display\t6. Exit\t “);
printf("\nEnter your choice—");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1: printf ("\nEnter name of directory -- ");
scanf("%s", dir[dcnt].dname);
dir[dcnt].fcnt=0;
dcnt++;
printf("Directory created");
break;
case 2: printf("\nEnter name of the directory -- ");
scanf("%s",d);
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
if(strcmp(d,dir[i].dname)==0)
{
printf ("Enter name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",dir[i].fname[dir[i].fcnt]);
dir[i].fcnt++;
printf ("File created");
break;
}
if(i==dcnt)
printf ("Directory %s not found",d);

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 5

 Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)
break;
case 3: printf ("\nEnter name of the directory -- ");
scanf("%s",d);
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
{
if(strcmp(d,dir[i].dname)==0)
{
printf ("Enter name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(k=0;k<dir[i].fcnt;k++)
{
if(strcmp(f, dir[i].fname[k])==0)
{
printf ("File %s is deleted ",f);
dir[i].fcnt--;
strcpy(dir[i].fname[k],dir[i].fname[dir[i].fcnt]);
goto jmp;
}
}
}
}
printf ("Directory %s not found",d);
jmp : break;
case 4: printf ("\nEnter name of the directory -- ");
scanf("%s",d);
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
{
if(strcmp(d,dir[i].dname)==0)
{
printf ("Enter the name of the file -- ");
scanf("%s",f);
for(k=0;k<dir[i].fcnt;k++)
{
if(strcmp(f, dir[i].fname[k])==0)
{
printf ("File %s is found ",f);
goto jmp1;
}
}
printf ("File %s not found",f);
goto jmp1;
}

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 6

 Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)
}
printf ("Directory %s not found",d);
jmp1: break;
case 5: if(dcnt==0)
printf ("\nNo Directory's ");
else
{
printf ("\nDirectory\tFiles");
for(i=0;i<dcnt;i++)
{
printf ("\n%s\t\t",dir[i].dname);
for(k=0;k<dir[i].fcnt;k++)
printf ("\t%s",dir[i].fname[k]);
}
}
break;
default: exit(0);
}
}
}

Sample output

1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File

4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---1

Enter name of directory -- cse

Directory created
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---1

Enter name of directory -- ds

Directory created
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---2

Enter name of the directory -- cse

Enter name of the file -- c1
File created

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 7

 Department of Computer Science Engineering – ( Data Science)
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---2

Enter name of the directory -- cse

Enter name of the file -- c2
File created
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---2

Enter name of the directory -- ds

Enter name of the file -- d1
File created
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---5

Directory Files
cse c1 c2
ds d1
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---4

Enter name of the directory -- cse

Enter the name of the file -- c1
File c1 is found
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---3

Enter name of the directory -- ds

Enter name of the file -- d1
File d1 is deleted
1. Create Directory 2. Create File 3. Delete File
4. Search File 5. Display 6. Exit
Enter your choice---6

Operating Systems Lab[BCS303] 8