Immediate Impact of The Civil War On USA School Work Ig

Explain the immediate impact of the Civil War on the
USA. (8 marks) (PEEL style)
Just before the American Civil War, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Lousiana, Mississippi, and
Texas broke away from the United States. These southern states assembled delegates at
Montgomery, Alabama to organise what we now know as the Confederate States of America.
These delegates, tasked with drafting a Confederate constitution and establishing a
provisional government, appointed Jefferson Davis as the provisional President. On April 12,
1861, the Confederates in South Carolina fired on Fort Sumter, starting the American Civil War.
Following this, President Lincoln issued a public declaration that an insurrection exists and
calls for 75,000 militia to stop the rebellion. As a result of this call, Virginia, Arkansas, North
Carolina, and Tennessee withdraw from the Union in the following weeks. Lincoln responded
with an additional call for 43,000+ men to serve, expanding the size of the Regular Army. In
July of 1861, the Battle of First Manassas, is fought near Manassas, Virginia. The Union Army l
initially succeeds in driving back Confederate forces under, but the arrival of confederate
troops initiates a series of reverses that sends Union army in a panicked retreat to the
defences of Washington. US Congress passes and President Lincoln signs the Confiscation
Act of 1861. This act permits court proceedings for the confiscation of property, including
enslaved people, used to support the Confederacy. President Lincoln appoints General George
B. McClellan as General-in-Chief of all United States armies.
1862 was a far more brutal year. We saw the Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky. This Federal
victory weakened the Confederate hold on the state. Battle of Roanoke Island, North Carolina.
A Confederate defeat, the battle resulted in US occupation of eastern North Carolina and
control of Pamlico Sound. Surrender of Fort Donelson, Tennessee. Battle of Pea Ridge
Arkansas. These wars continued. Then in July 16, President Lincoln approved the Confiscation
Act of 1862. This act expands the terms of the previous Confiscation Act, allows broader
seizure of Confederate property, the emancipation of enslaved people in Federally occupied
territory, and prohibits the return of fugitive slaves. Then was fought The Battle of Antietam (or
Sharpsburg), Maryland; the bloodiest single day of the Civil War. The result of the battle ends
Confederates invasion of the North. Following the US victory at Antietam, President Lincoln
introduces the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which announced Lincoln's intention to
declare all enslaved people free on January 1, 1863.
The Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect. In 1863 the wars kept going, killing tens of
thousands of men, and wounding even more. The Emancipation Proclamation was a war
measure that declared enslaved people in rebelling states to be free, authorised the enlistment
of black troops, and outraged white Southerners. The proclamation was an important turning
point in the war for the United States and in the eventual shift from the goal of restoring the
Union as it was, to building a better Union without slavery. In December of the year, Lincoln
Issued his Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, which would pardon those who
participated in the "existing rebellion" if they take an oath to the United States.
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What was the reconstruction era and why did it
ultimately fail? (15 Marks) (Mini Extended
Response.)
The reconstruction era (1865-1877) was a time period in US history following the American
Civil War during which attempts were made to rectify the injustice of slavery, and to solve the
problems from the readmission of the Union of the 11 states that had withdrawn. During this
period the United States struggled with the challenges of reintegrating into the Union and
determining the legal status of African Americans. Radical reconstruction attempted to give
African Americans full equality. Native American’s were the only people who did not have equal
rights as the res of American citizens.
Reconstruction attempted to reintegrate Southern States from the Confederate and 4 million
newly-freed people into the United States. New Southern state legislatures passed restrictive
“Black Codes” to control the labor and behaviour of former enslaved people and other African
Americans. The north was outraged by these codes, and let to the triumph of the more radical
wing of the Republican Party. Many enraged citizens including numerous members of
Congress, which refused to seat congressmen and senators elected from the southern states.
During this radical Reconstruction, newly freed Black citizens gained a voice in government for
the first time in American history. In less than a decade reactionary and opposing forces such
as the Ku Klux Klan would reverse the changes made by Radical Reconstruction in a violent
backlash that brought back white supremacy in the south. During the start of the Civil War,
enslaved people heading by the thousands to the Union lines as Lincoln’s troops marched
through the south. This was unthought of by Lincoln; did not make abolition of slavery a goal
of the Union war effort. To do so, he feared, would drive the border slave states still loyal to
the Union into the Confederacy and anger more conservative northerners. Emancipation
changed the stakes of the Civil War, ensuring that a Union victory would mean large-scale
social revolution in the South. It was still very unclear, however, what form this revolution
would take. Over the next several years, Lincoln considered ideas about how to welcome the
devastated South back into the Union, but as the war drew to a close in early 1865, he still
had no clear plan.
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Explain the immediate impact of the Civil War on the

USA. (8 marks) (PEEL style)

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