Scribd
Upload
51 views7 pages

Friction Class 11 Divyesh

Uploaded by

DIVYESH ASHOKGIRI GOSAI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
51 views7 pages

Friction Class 11 Divyesh

Uploaded by

DIVYESH ASHOKGIRI GOSAI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Friction

1. When we throw a ball on the floor, it starts moving with some


velocity. But ideally, no force should be acting in the direction of
motion, and according to Newton’s first law, the ball should
keep rolling, but this does not happen. Instead, the ball stops
after moving a certain distance, so a force must be acting on it.
We call this force “friction.”
2. Friction is defined as the resistance offered by the surfaces
that are in contact when they move past each other.
3. Friction provides traction that is needed to walk without
slipping. Friction is helpful in most cases. However, they also
offer a great measure of opposition to the motion. In addition,
about 20 per cent of the engine power of automobiles is
consumed in overcoming frictional forces in the moving parts.
In the next section, let us go through some of these factors.
Factors Affecting Friction
Friction is a force that is dependent on external factors. Following are the two factors on
which friction depends:

1. On the nature of the two surfaces that are in contact


Friction is dependent on the smoothness or roughness of the two surfaces that are in contact with
each other. When the surface is smooth, the friction between the two reduces as there is not much
interlocking of irregularities. While the surface is rough, friction increases.

2. On the force that is acting on these surfaces


Friction increases when the force is applied along with the irregularities.

What Causes Friction?


Friction is caused due to the irregularities on the two surfaces in contact. So,
when one object moves over the other, these irregularities on the surface get
entangled, giving rise to friction. The more the roughness, the more
irregularities and more significant will be the friction.

Types of Friction
There are four types of friction and they are classified as follows:
 Static friction
 Sliding friction
 Rolling friction
 Fluid friction
All four types of frictions are different from each other. For
example, static friction is the friction that acts between the surfaces
when they are at rest with respect to each other. In contrast, sliding
friction is the resistance created between any two objects when
sliding against each other.
Types of Friction
Friction is the force that opposes the motion of a solid object over another. There are mainly four
types of friction: static friction, sliding friction, rolling friction, and fluid friction. Friction and normal
force are directly proportional to the contacting surfaces, and it doesn’t depend on the hardness of
the contacting surface. With the increase in relative speeds, the sliding friction reduces, whereas
fluid friction increases with the increase in the relative speed. Also, fluid friction is dependent on the
fluid’s viscosity.

Static Friction
Static friction is defined as the frictional force that acts between the surfaces when they are at rest
with respect to each other.

The magnitude of the static force is equal in the opposite direction when a small amount of force is
applied. When the force increases, at some point maximum static friction is reached.

Static Friction Examples

Following are the examples of static friction:

 Skiing against the snow

 Creating heat by rubbing both the hands together

 Table lamp resting on the table

Coefficient Of Static Friction

The coefficient of static friction is denoted as µs. The maximum force of static friction is given as the
product of the coefficient of static friction and normal force and force of static friction is less than or
equal to the product of the coefficient of static friction and normal force. It is given as:

Fs max = µs η and Fs ≤ µs η

Where,

 Fs is the force of static friction

 µs is the coefficient of static friction

 η is the normal force

 Fs max is the maximum force of static friction


Sliding Friction
What Is Sliding Friction?

Sliding friction is defined as the resistance that is created between any two objects when they are
sliding against each other.

Examples Of Sliding Friction

Following are the examples of sliding friction:

 Sliding of the block across the floor

 Two cards sliding against each other in a deck

Coefficient Of Sliding Friction

The coefficient of sliding friction is denoted as µs. The force of sliding friction is defined as the
product of the coefficient of sliding friction and the normal force. It is given as:

Fs = µs. Fn

Rolling Friction
What Is Rolling Friction?

Rolling friction is defined as the force which resists the motion of a ball or wheel and is the
weakest types of friction.

Examples Of Rolling Friction

Following are the examples of rolling friction:

 Rolling of the log on the ground

 Wheels of the moving vehicles

Coefficient Of Rolling Friction

The coefficient of rolling friction is denoted as µr. The force of rolling friction is defined as the
product of the coefficient of rolling friction and the normal force. It is given as:

Fs = µr. Fn

Fluid Friction
What Is Fluid Friction?

Fluid friction is defined as the friction that exists between the layers of the fluid when they are
moving relative to each other.

You might also like