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Anodal Block PDF

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51 views10 pages

Anodal Block PDF

Uploaded by

castelinorichael7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Anodal Block

CONTENT
01 WHAT IS ANODAL BLOCK

02 PHYSICAL PRINCIPLE

03 MECHANISM

04 EXPLANATION

05 APPLICATION

06 PRECAUTIONS

07 REFRANCES
WHAT IS ANODAL BLOCK
Anodal block refers to the inhibition of nerve conduction under the anode (the
positive electrode) when using electrical stimulation. This is particularly employed in
TENS, which is used for pain relief .
PHYSICAL PRINCEPLES
In practice, it is difficult to predict the exact nature
and distribution of current.

Moreover different TENS devices use a variety of


Waveforms.

Anodal block can in principle selectively bias


activation towards afferent (A-type) or efferent (B-
type) fibers .

Smaller, high-threshold C-type fibers are harder to


engage with square waveforms, unless high stimulus
intensities are used.
MECHANISM
1. Polarization: The 2. Action Potential Inhibition: 3. Selective Block:
anode hyperpolarizes Hyperpolarization raises the Nerve conduction is
the nerve membrane. threshold for action potential. selectively blocked
under the anode, while
the cathode can still
stimulate the nerve.
EXPLANATION
Fibre activation by TENS.

The anode tends to inhibit the axon


(Hyperpolarization), which could extinguish
the nerve impulse.

Thus, during conventional TENS the cathode


should be positioned proximal to the anode
so that the nerve impulse is transmitted to
the central nervous system unimpeded.
APPLICATIONS
1. PAIN CONTROL: SELECTIVELY BLOCKS PAIN
SIGNALS, AIDING IN CHRONIC PAIN MANAGEMENT.

2. STIMULATION MODULATION: PROVIDES PRECISE


CONTROL OVER NERVE STIMULATION.

3. AVOIDING UNWANTED CONTRACTIONS: PREVENTS


MUSCLECeo
CONTRACTIONS
Of Ingoude
INCeo
SPECIFIC
Of Ingoude
AREAS. Ceo Of Ingoude
Company Company Company
PRECAUTIONS
1. ELECTRODE PLACEMENT: PROPER PLACEMENT IS CRUCIAL FOR
DESIRED EFFECTS.

2. CURRENT INTENSITY: MUST BE CAREFULLY CONTROLLED TO AVOID


DISCOMFORT.

3. INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY: TREATMENT NEEDS CUSTOMIZATION FOR


DIFFERENT PATIENTS.
RREFERENCS

1.ELECTROTHERAPY: EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE, SHEILA KITCHEN

2. LOW AND REED ELECTROTHERAPY

3.AHMED U, ET AL. (2020). ANODAL BLOCK PERMITS DIRECTIONAL


VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION.
THANK YOU
SANIKA BHURE - 232102002

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