INTRODUCTION TO MATLAB

Dinh-Tan Pham, PhD.

Introduction
❖MATLAB (MATrix LABoratory)
✓ MATLAB is a product of The MathWorks, Inc.
✓ MATLAB enables us to solve many advanced numerical
problems rapidly and efficiently.
Matlab, Basic,.. High level

Matlab Languages such as

C, Pascal , Fortran, etc.
Medium level
Command
m-files mat-files
Line Assembly Language

functions Machine Code,

Low level
Firmware ,Binary Digits

2
Commands
>>help
>>clc
>>clear
>>clear all
>>save
>>load

3
Matrix
[1,1 1,2 . 1,n
>> x=[1 2 3]
2,1 2,2 . 2,n x =
1 2 3
3,1 3,2 . 3,n
. . . >> x=[1,2,3]
x =
m,1 m,2 . m,n] 1 2 3

>> x=[1
>> N = 5:10:35 2
3
N = 4];
5 15 25 35 >> x=[1;2;3;4]
>> P = [1:3; 30:-10:10] x =
P = 1
2
1 2 3 3
30 20 10 4

4
Matrix

>> A = [1:3;4:6;7:9]
>> a=[1 2]; A = x = zeros(1,3)
>> b=[3 1 2 3 x =
4]; 4 5 6 0 0 0
7 8 9
>> a*b
x = ones(1,3)
ans = >> mean(A) x =
11 ans = 1 1 1
4 5 6
>> b*a
x = rand(1,3)
ans = >> sum(A) x =
3 6 ans = 0.9501 0.2311 0.6068
4 8 12 15 18

5
Matrix

6
Linear equation system

X =inv(A)*B

A = [1 2 3; 5 1 4; 3 2 1] B = [-5; -1; 5 ] X=
A= B=
1 2 3 -5 2
5 1 4 -1 1
3 2 1 5 -3

7
Polynomial: roots
❖Find the roots of the polynomial

8
Polynomial: poly
❖It is known that the roots of a polynomial are -1, -2, -3,
4+5j and 4-5j. Compute the coefficients of this polynomial.

9
Polynomial: polyval
❖Evaluate the polynomial at x=-3

10
Polynomial: conv

11
Polynomial: polyder

12
Polynomial

dathuc=poly([1 2 3]);
x=0:0.01:4;
y=polyval(dathuc,x);
plot(x,y)
grid on
nghiem=roots(dathuc)

13
Script file
❖MATLAB recognizes two types of files: script files and
function files. Both types are referred to as m−files since
both require the .m extension.
❖A script file consists of two or more functions.

14
Function file

binhphuong.m
function y=binhphuong(x)
y=x^2
end

15
Visualization

x = 0:pi/100:2*pi; x = 0:pi/100:2*pi;
y = sin(x); y = sin(x);
plot(x,y) stem(x,y)
1 1

0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0

-0.2 -0.2

-0.4 -0.4

-0.6 -0.6

-0.8 -0.8

-1 -1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

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Visualization 1

0.8

x = 0:pi/100:2*pi;
0.6

0.4

0.2

y1 = sin(x); 0

-0.2

y2=cos(x); -0.4

-0.6

plot(x,y1,x,y2) -0.8

-1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

x = 0:pi/100:2*pi; 1

0.5

subplot(2,2,1) 0

-0.5

-1

plot(x,sin(x))
0 2 4 6 8

0.5

subplot(2,2,4) 0

-0.5

plot(x,cos(x)) -1
0 2 4 6 8

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Visualization
x=0:0.1:10*pi;
stem(x,sin(x).*exp(-0.1*x))

18
Visualization
t=0:pi/100:2*pi; t=0:pi/100:2*pi;
x=cos(t); plot(exp(i*t))
y=sin(t); axis('square')
plot(x,y)
axis('square')

19
mesh
colormap jet
t=0:pi/100:2*pi;
[X Y Z]=cylinder(t);
mesh(X,Y,Z)

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mesh
colormap jet
t=-2*pi:pi/100:2*pi;
[X Y Z]=cylinder(t);
mesh(X,Y,Z)

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mesh
colormap jet
t=0:pi/100:2*pi;
[X Y Z]=cylinder(2+cos(t));
mesh(X,Y,Z)

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mesh
colormap jet
x=-50:50;
y=-50:50;
for a=1:101
for b=1:101
z(a,b)=sqrt(x(a)^2+y(b)^2);
end
end
meshc(x,y,z) 23