Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 3 views

    Geo Unit 02

    Uploaded by

    laptopsanupro

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Geo Unit 02

    Uploaded by

    laptopsanupro
    3 views3 pages

    Original Title

    geo unit 02

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views3 pages

    Geo Unit 02

    Uploaded by

    laptopsanupro

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Geographical Identity of Sri Lanka

    Location

    1. Global Location:
    o Sri Lanka is in the tropical zone, near the equator, between the Tropic of Cancer
    and the Tropic of Capricorn.
    o It is located in the Northern Hemisphere, specifically at 5°55' - 9°51' North
    Latitudes and 79°41' - 81°53' East Longitudes.
    o Separated from India by the Palk Strait.

    2. Relative Location:
    o Located in the Indian Ocean, close to the Indian subcontinent.
    o Neighboring islands include Maldives, Andaman Islands, Nicobar Islands, and
    Lakshadweep Islands.

    3. Area:
    o Total area of Sri Lanka is 65,610 square kilometers.
    o Length from Point Pedro to Dondra Head and width from Colombo to
    Sangamankanda Point are key dimensions.

    4. Territorial Waters:
    o Sri Lanka has a territorial sea limit of 12 nautical miles from the coast.
    o The Exclusive Economic Zone extends beyond this territorial sea limit.

    Relief Features

    1. Main Relief Zones:


    o Mountainous Area: Located in the center of the country.
    o Intermediate Plains: Surround the mountainous area.
    o Coastal Plain: Surrounds the entire island.

    2. Topographical Features:
    o Central Hills: Includes mountain ranges, plateaus, valleys, and waterfalls.
    o Intermediate Plains: Features ridges and residual hills.
    o Coastal Plains: Contains broad plains, bays, lagoons, and islands.
    Climate

    1. Tropical Climate:
    o High temperatures (27°C - 30°C) throughout the year.
    o No winter season.
    2. Types of Rainfall:
    o Monsoon Rain: Influences different parts of the country at different times.
    o Convectional Rain: Occurs throughout the year, often accompanied by
    thunderstorms.
    o Cyclones: Mostly occur in October to December, bringing heavy rains and strong
    winds.
    3. Rainfall Distribution:
    o Western and southwestern parts receive heavy rain from May to July.
    o Northern and eastern parts receive heavy rain from November to January.
    o Dry weather usually occurs in February and August.

    Vegetation

    1. Types of Vegetation:
    o Wet Zone Forests: Tall trees due to high rainfall.
    o Montane Forests: Shorter trees near plateaus.
    o Dry and Semi-Arid Areas: Thorny bushes and shrubs.
    o Mangroves: Found near coastal lagoons and river mouths.

    Social Identity of Sri Lanka

    Ethnic Groups and Religions

    1. Multi-Ethnic Society:
    o Major ethnic groups: Sinhalese, Tamils, Moors, and Burghers.
    o Major religions: Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity.
    2. Cultural Diversity:
    o Each community has unique traditions, customs, beliefs, rituals, clothes, and
    languages.

    National Heritages

    1. Cultural Heritages:
    o Include sites like Sigiriya, Jaffna Fort, and various religious centers.
    o Festivals such as Wesak/Poson, Sinhala and Tamil New Year, Deepavali, and
    Ramazan.
    2. World Heritages:
    o Unique sites recognized globally, attracting tourists and highlighting Sri Lanka's
    global identity.
    o Examples: Ancient cities like Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa, and natural sites
    like Sinharaja Forest Reserve.

    Social Development

    1. Social Indicators

    • Literacy Rate: 92%, one of the highest in the South Asian region.
    • Life Expectancy: High, with significant improvements over time.
    • Infant and Maternal Mortality Rates: Low, indicating good healthcare.

    2. Contributing Factors

    • Free Education: Accessible to all, contributing to high literacy.


    • Healthcare: Free and widespread, leading to improved health indicators.
    • State Welfare: Policies supporting social development and improving living standards.

    3. Comparative Data

    • Literacy: Higher than many South Asian countries.


    • Health Metrics: Favorable birth rates, infant mortality rates, and maternal mortality rates
    compared to neighboring countries.

    You might also like