1.

Problem Title: Object-Oriented

Magic

Problem Statement:
You are required to create a class MagicNumber to manipulate and perform magical
operations on numbers. The class should have the following functionalities:

1. Initialization: The class should be initialized with an integer x .

2. Method 1: Increment: Implement a method void increment() , which increments the

value of x by 1.

3. Method 2: Decrement: Implement a method void decrement() , which decrements

the value of x by 1.

4. Method 3: Add: Implement a method void add(int y) , which adds the value of y to
x.

5. Method 4: Subtract: Implement a method void subtract(int y) , which subtracts the

value of y from x .

6. Method 5: GetResult: Implement a method int getResult() , which returns the

current value of x .

Write a C++ class MagicNumber with these methods, and ensure that the value of x

remains within the constraints of -10^9 <= x <= 10^9 after each operation.
Input:

The first line contains an integer x (1 <= x <= 10^9).

The second line contains an integer q (1 <= q <= 100), the number of queries.

The following q lines contain one of the following operations:

1 y (Increment x by 1)

2 y (Decrement x by 1)

3 y (Add y to x )

1. Problem Title: Object-Oriented Magic 1

 4 y (Subtract y from x )

5 (Get the current value of x )

Output:
For each operation of type 5 , output the result of x after the operation.
Constraints:

The value of x should be within the range -10^9 <= x <= 10^9 at all times.

For each operation of type 5 , the result will fit within a 32-bit signed integer.

Here are three test cases to check the solution:

Test Case 1:
Input:

5
6
1 1
2 2
3 10
4 3
5
5

Output:

4
7

Test Case 2:
Input:

1000000000
5
3 1000000000
4 500000000
1 5

1. Problem Title: Object-Oriented Magic 2

 2 10
5

Output:

1500000000
1499999990

Test Case 3:

Input:

-1000000000
3
4 500000000
2 10
5

Output:

-999999990

1. Problem Title: Object-Oriented Magic 3

 2. Problem Title: Protected
Treasur

Problem Statement:
You are given a treasure map with a set of locations containing hidden treasures. Your
task is to design a C++ class TreasureMap to encapsulate the treasure data. The class
should have the following functionalities:

1. Initialization: The class should be initialized with an integer n , the number of

treasure locations.

2. Method 1: AddTreasure: Implement a method void AddTreasure(int location, int

value) , which adds a treasure with a given location and value . You should ensure

that no two treasures can be added at the same location.

3. Method 2: GetTreasureValue: Implement a method int GetTreasureValue(int

location) , which returns the value of the treasure located at a specific location . If

no treasure is found at the location, return -1.

4. Method 3: RemoveTreasure: Implement a method void RemoveTreasure(int

location) , which removes the treasure at the given location .

5. Method 4: TotalTreasureValue: Implement a method int TotalTreasureValue() ,

which returns the sum of all the treasure values in the map.

Write a C++ class TreasureMap with these methods. Ensure that you encapsulate the
treasure data and handle any necessary data structures and constraints.

Input:

The first line contains an integer n (1 <= n <= 100), the number of treasure
locations.

2. Problem Title: Protected Treasur 1

 The following n lines contain two integers each: location and value , representing
the location and value of each treasure.

Output:
For each operation of type 2 , 3 , or 4 , there is no output.
For each operation of type 1 , there is no output.
For each operation of type 5 , output the total treasure value.

Constraints:

The location of a treasure is unique and will be an integer between 1 and 10^6.

The value of a treasure will be an integer between 1 and 10^3.

The sum of all treasure values does not exceed 10^6.

Here are three test cases to check the solution:

Test Case 1:
Input:

4
1 100
2 50
3 200
4 150
5

Output:

200

Test Case 2:
Input:

2. Problem Title: Protected Treasur 2

 5
1 100
2 50
3 200
4 150
4 300
5

Output:

400

Test Case 3:
Input:

3
1 10
1 20
1 30
2
5

Output:

60

2. Problem Title: Protected Treasur 3

 3. Problem Title: Abstract Shapes

Problem Statement:
You are required to design a C++ class hierarchy to represent abstract shapes. The
class hierarchy should include the following shapes:

1. Circle: Represented by a center point (x, y) and a radius.

2. Rectangle: Represented by the coordinates of the top-left and bottom-right corners.

3. Triangle: Represented by the coordinates of its three vertices.

You need to create a base class Shape and derive the above three shapes from it. The
Shape class should define a pure virtual function called Area() that will be implemented

in each of the derived shape classes.

Your task is to design the class hierarchy and provide the implementation for each
shape's Area() method.
Input:

The first line contains an integer q (1 <= q <= 100), the number of queries.

The following q lines each represent a query. Each query has the following format:

For a Circle : "1 x y r" (1 <= x, y <= 1000, 1 <= r <= 1000)

For a Rectangle : "2 x1 y1 x2 y2" (1 <= x1, y1, x2, y2 <= 1000, x1 < x2, y1 > y2)

For a Triangle : "3 x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3" (1 <= x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3 <= 1000)

Output:
For each query, output the area of the corresponding shape, rounded to two decimal
places.
Constraints:

All floating-point values will have at most two decimal places.

Here are three test cases to check the solution:

3. Problem Title: Abstract Shapes 1

 Test Case 1:
Input:

4
1 0 0 5
2 1 3 5 1
3 1 1 3 4 5 1
1 2 2 4

Output:

78.54
8.00
6.00
12.57

Test Case 2:
Input:

2
2 1 1 5 4
3 1 2 4 2 3 5

Output:

15.00
6.50

Test Case 3:

Input:

1
1 10 10 2

Output:

3. Problem Title: Abstract Shapes 2

 12.57

3. Problem Title: Abstract Shapes 3

 4. Problem: Find Maximum and
Minimum Element Using Pointers

You are given an array of integers, and your task is to find the maximum and minimum
elements in the array using C++ pointers.
Write a C++ function with the following signature:

void find_max_min(int *arr, int size, int *max, int *min);

Input Format:

The first line contains an integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100), the number of elements in the
array.

The next line contains N space-separated integers, the elements of the array.

Output Format:

The maximum and minimum elements are printed on separate lines.

Sample Input:

5
12 45 7 89 23

Sample Output:

Maximum Element: 89
Minimum Element: 7

Test Cases:
Test Case 1:
Input:

4. Problem: Find Maximum and Minimum Element Using Pointers 1

 4
10 20 30 40

Output:

Maximum Element: 40
Minimum Element: 10

Test Case 2:
Input:

1
100

Output:

Maximum Element: 100

Minimum Element: 100

Test Case 3:

Input:

6
-5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30

Output:

Maximum Element: -5
Minimum Element: -30

4. Problem: Find Maximum and Minimum Element Using Pointers 2

 5. Problem Title: Secret Vault

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with creating a secret vault that stores valuable items. The vault has a
limited storage capacity. Your job is to design a C++ class Vault that hides the data
related to the vault's contents and provides methods for interacting with the vault. The
class should have the following functionalities:

1. Initialization: The class should be initialized with an integer capacity , representing

the maximum number of items the vault can hold.

2. Method 1: AddItem: Implement a method void AddItem(string item) , which adds an

item to the vault. If the vault is full, don't add the item.

3. Method 2: RemoveItem: Implement a method void RemoveItem(string item) , which

removes an item from the vault if it exists.

4. Method 3: ContainsItem: Implement a method bool ContainsItem(string item) ,

which checks if the vault contains a specific item and returns true if the item is
found, and false otherwise.

5. Method 4: IsFull: Implement a method bool IsFull() , which returns true if the vault
is full and false if there is space for more items.

Write a C++ class Vault with these methods and ensure that the vault's data is hidden
from direct access.

Input:

The first line contains an integer capacity (1 <= capacity <= 100), the maximum
number of items the vault can hold.

The second line contains an integer q (1 <= q <= 100), the number of queries.

The following q lines represent the queries. Each query has one of the following
formats:

5. Problem Title: Secret Vault 1

 "1 item" (Add the item to the vault)

"2 item" (Remove the item from the vault)

"3 item" (Check if the item is in the vault)

"4" (Check if the vault is full)

Output:
For each query of type 3 , if the item is found in the vault, output "1." Otherwise, output
"0."
For each query of type 4 , if the vault is full, output "1." Otherwise, output "0."
For other query types, there is no output.

Constraints:

The item in each query is a string of alphanumeric characters, and its length is at
most 20 characters.

Here are three test cases to check the solution:

Test Case 1:
Input:

3
6
1 GoldBars
1 Diamonds
2 GoldBars
1 SilverCoins
3 Diamonds
4

Output:

0
1

5. Problem Title: Secret Vault 2

 1

Test Case 2:

Input:

2
7
1 Passport
2 CreditCard
1 Jewels
4
3 Passport
1 Money
3 Money
4

Output:

1
1
0
0

Test Case 3:

Input:

1
5
1 SecretDocument
1 AncientScroll
2 AncientScroll
3 SecretDocument
4

Output:

0
1

5. Problem Title: Secret Vault 3

 0

5. Problem Title: Secret Vault 4

 6 Problem Title: Inheritance
Hierarchy

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with designing a C++ class hierarchy representing vehicles. The class
hierarchy should include a base class Vehicle and two derived classes, Car and
Bicycle , to demonstrate inheritance. The base class Vehicle should contain common

attributes and methods that are shared by all vehicles, and the derived classes should
have specific attributes and methods that are unique to each type of vehicle.

Here are the details of the classes:

1. Vehicle Class (Base Class):

Attributes:

An integer speed representing the speed of the vehicle in kilometers per

hour (1 <= speed <= 100).

An integer wheels representing the number of wheels of the vehicle (1 for

bicycles, 4 for cars).

Methods:

A constructor to initialize the speed and wheels.

void Accelerate(int increment) : Increases the speed of the vehicle by the

given increment.

void Brake(int decrement) : Decreases the speed of the vehicle by the given
decrement.

int GetSpeed() const : Returns the current speed of the vehicle.

int GetWheels() const : Returns the number of wheels of the vehicle.

6 Problem Title: Inheritance Hierarchy 1

 2. Car Class (Derived Class):

Attributes:

An integer fuel representing the amount of fuel in liters (1 <= fuel <= 50).

Methods:

A constructor to initialize the fuel and call the base class constructor.

void Refuel(int amount) : Increases the fuel level by the given amount.

int GetFuel() const : Returns the current fuel level.

3. Bicycle Class (Derived Class):

No additional attributes or methods, as bicycles do not have fuel.

Write the C++ classes and demonstrate how to use them. The main program should
create instances of Car and Bicycle , perform some operations (e.g., accelerating,
braking, refueling), and output the results.

Input:

No specific input is required. You can demonstrate the usage of the classes with
sample operations in the main program.

Output:

Output the results of operations (e.g., current speed, current fuel level) based on the
interactions with the created Car and Bicycle objects.

6 Problem Title: Inheritance Hierarchy 2

 7 Problem Title: Polymorphic
Zoo

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with creating a program to manage a zoo with different types of animals.
The animals in the zoo include birds and mammals. Each type of animal has specific
attributes and behaviors. You need to design a C++ class hierarchy to represent these
animals and demonstrate polymorphism.

Here are the details of the classes:

1. Animal Class (Base Class):

Attributes:

A string name representing the name of the animal (length <= 20).

An integer age representing the age of the animal (1 <= age <= 100).

A constructor to initialize the name and age .

A pure virtual method void MakeSound() that represents the sound the animal
makes.

2. Bird Class (Derived Class):

Attributes:

A string species representing the species of the bird (e.g., "Eagle").

A constructor to initialize the name , age , and species .

Implement the MakeSound() method to make the bird sound like "Chirp!"

3. Mammal Class (Derived Class):

Attributes:

A string species representing the species of the mammal (e.g., "Lion").

A constructor to initialize the name , age , and species .

7 Problem Title: Polymorphic Zoo 1

 Implement the MakeSound() method to make the mammal sound like "Roar!"

Write the C++ classes and demonstrate polymorphism by creating an array of pointers
to the base class Animal and adding instances of Bird and Mammal to the array. Use a
loop to iterate through the array and call the MakeSound() method for each animal. The
program should output the name, age, species, and the sound of each animal.

Input:

No specific input is required. You can demonstrate the usage of the classes with
sample operations in the main program.

Output:

Output the information (name, age, species, sound) for each animal in the zoo.

test Case 1:
Input:
No specific input is required; the program creates instances of animals in the main
function.
Output:

Name: Sparrow, Age: 2, Species: Sparrow, Sound: Chirp!

Name: Parrot, Age: 5, Species: Parrot, Sound: Chirp!
Name: Lion, Age: 8, Species: Lion, Sound: Roar!
Name: Eagle, Age: 10, Species: Eagle, Sound: Chirp!
Name: Tiger, Age: 6, Species: Tiger, Sound: Roar!

7 Problem Title: Polymorphic Zoo 2

 8 Problem Title: Message Relay

Problem Statement:
You are given a set of entities, each represented by a unique integer ID from 1 to N.
These entities are connected by a network of message-passing links. Each link is
directed and connects two entities. The entities can send messages to each other
through these links.
Your task is to simulate a message-passing system, where you'll process a sequence of
messages and determine which entity receives each message.
Write a C++ program that performs the following operations:

1. Initialization: Initialize the system with N entities, and M directed links connecting
these entities.

2. Method 1: Send Message: Implement a method void SendMessage(int sender, int

receiver, string message) that sends a message from one entity to another. The

message is sent from the sender to the receiver.

3. Method 2: Receive Messages: Implement a method vector<string>

ReceiveMessages(int entity) that returns a list of messages received by a given entity.

4. Method 3: Broadcast Message: Implement a method void BroadcastMessage(int

sender, string message) that sends a message from one entity to all entities

connected to it through outgoing links.

Write the C++ class MessageRelay with these methods. Ensure that the system correctly
processes and delivers messages. The messages should be delivered based on the
order in which they are sent.

Input:

The first line contains two integers, N and M, representing the number of entities (1
<= N <= 1000) and the number of links (1 <= M <= N * (N - 1)).

8 Problem Title: Message Relay 1

 The following M lines contain two integers, sender and receiver , representing the
source and target entities of the directed links. These links are 0-indexed.

The following line contains an integer Q (1 <= Q <= 1000), representing the number
of queries.

The following Q lines represent the queries. Each query has one of the following
formats:

"1 sender receiver message" (Send a message from sender to receiver with the
given message.)

"2 entity" (Receive messages for the given entity.)

"3 sender message" (Broadcast a message from sender to all connected

entities with the given message.)

Output:

For each query of type 2, output the received messages for the entity in the order
they were received.

Here are two test cases to check the solution:

Test Case 1:
Input:

4 4
0 1
1 2
1 3
3 0
6
1 0 2 Hello
2 2
1 1 3 Hi
1 2 1 Hey
3 0 Bye
2 0

Output:

8 Problem Title: Message Relay 2

 Hi

Test Case 2:

Input:

3 2
0 1
1 2
5
1 0 1 Hello
2 0
1 2 1 Hey
3 0 Hi
2 2

Output:

Hello
Hey
Hi

8 Problem Title: Message Relay 3

 9 Problem Title: Nested Shapes

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with designing a C++ program to work with geometric shapes. The
program should have two classes: Shape and ShapeContainer .

1. Shape Class (Outer Class):

The Shape class represents a geometric shape and has the following methods:

A constructor that takes an integer shapeID (1 <= shapeID <= 100) and
initializes the shape's ID.

A method GetID() that returns the shape's ID.

A pure virtual method double GetArea() that calculates and returns the area
of the shape. This method will be implemented in derived classes.

2. ShapeContainer Class (Nested Class):

The ShapeContainer class is a nested class within the Shape class. It is

responsible for storing and managing a collection of shapes. The ShapeContainer
class should have the following methods:

A constructor that initializes an empty collection of shapes.

A method AddShape(Shape* shape) that adds a shape to the collection.

A method GetTotalArea() that calculates and returns the total area of all
shapes in the collection.

Your task is to implement the Shape and ShapeContainer classes and demonstrate their
usage in the main function.

Input:

The input consists of two parts:

9 Problem Title: Nested Shapes 1

 The first part contains a positive integer N (1 <= N <= 10), the number of
shapes.

The following N lines describe the shapes. Each shape is defined as a single
line consisting of two parts separated by a space:

An integer shapeID (1 <= shapeID <= 100) representing the shape's ID.

A string that specifies the shape type, which is one of the following: "Circle,"
"Rectangle," or "Triangle."

The second part contains an integer M (1 <= M <= 10), the number of queries.

The following M lines are queries. Each query consists of a single integer queryType

(1 or 2):

Type 1: Add a shape to the container. In this case, the query line contains a
shape ID (1 <= shapeID <= 100) followed by the shape type.

Type 2: Calculate and print the total area of all shapes in the container.

Output:

For each query of type 2, output the total area of all shapes in the container
rounded to two decimal places.

Example:
Input:

3
1 Circle
2 Rectangle
3 Triangle
2
1 4 Rectangle
2

Output:

9 Problem Title: Nested Shapes 2

 0.00
12.57

Explanation:

Three shapes with IDs 1, 2, and 3 are initially provided (Circle, Rectangle, and
Triangle).

Query 1 adds a Rectangle with ID 4 to the container.

Query 2 calculates and prints the total area of all shapes in the container.

9 Problem Title: Nested Shapes 3

 10 Problem Title: Variable
Comparison

Problem Statement:
You are provided with a set of variable assignments, each involving pointer and
reference variables. Your task is to determine the final values of the variables after all
assignments are applied.
The variables are integers, and you need to implement a C++ program to simulate the
assignments. There are two types of assignments:

1. Pointer Assignment: You are given an integer value and a pointer variable. The
value is assigned to the memory location pointed to by the pointer.

2. Reference Assignment: You are given two reference variables. The value of the
first reference variable is assigned to the second reference variable.

Write a C++ program that performs these assignments and outputs the final values of
the variables.

Input:

The first line contains an integer N (1 <= N <= 100), the number of assignments.

The following N lines describe the assignments. Each assignment is represented as

one of the following:

Pointer Assignment: "p value" where value is an integer (1 <= value <= 10^6).

Reference Assignment: "r1 r2" where r1 and r2 are integers representing

reference variables.

Output:

10 Problem Title: Variable Comparison 1

 Output the final values of all variables after performing all assignments, separated
by spaces.

Example:
Input:

5
p 3
r1 4
p 7
r2 5
p 2

Output:

2 5 7

Explanation:

Initial variables: r1=4, r2=5, p=0

After the first pointer assignment: r1=4, r2=5, p=3

After the first reference assignment: r1=4, r2=4, p=3

After the second pointer assignment: r1=4, r2=4, p=7

After the second reference assignment: r1=7, r2=7, p=7

After the third pointer assignment: r1=7, r2=7, p=2

Final variables: r1=7, r2=7, p=2

10 Problem Title: Variable Comparison 2

 11 Problem Title: Geometry
Shapes

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program to work with geometric shapes,
including circles and rectangles. Each shape has specific attributes and methods. Your
task is to design classes to represent these shapes, along with constructors for
initializing them.

1. Shape Class (Base Class):

The Shape class is the base class for all geometric shapes and has the
following methods:

A constructor to initialize the shape's name (a string), which will be at most

20 characters long.

A pure virtual method double GetArea() that calculates and returns the area
of the shape. This method will be implemented in derived classes.

2. Circle Class (Derived Class):

The Circle class is derived from the Shape class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A constructor that takes the shape's name and radius (a positive floating-
point number).

Implement the GetArea() method to calculate the area of a circle as π *

radius^2.

3. Rectangle Class (Derived Class):

The Rectangle class is derived from the Shape class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A constructor that takes the shape's name, width, and height (positive
floating-point numbers).

11 Problem Title: Geometry Shapes 1

 Implement the GetArea() method to calculate the area of a rectangle as
width * height.

Write the C++ classes for Shape , Circle , and Rectangle , including their constructors.
Demonstrate their usage in the main function.

Input:

The input consists of three lines:

The first line contains the shape's name as a string (up to 20 characters).

The second line contains the string "Circle" or "Rectangle" to specify the type of
shape.

The third line contains the attributes for the shape as follows:

For a "Circle," a single floating-point number (radius).

For a "Rectangle," two floating-point numbers (width and height).

Output:

Output the area of the shape with two decimal places.

Example:

Input:

MyCircle
Circle
3.5

Output:

38.48

Explanation:

11 Problem Title: Geometry Shapes 2

 We create a circle with a radius of 3.5 units and a name "MyCircle."

The area of the circle is calculated as π * 3.5^2 ≈ 38.48.

11 Problem Title: Geometry Shapes 3

 12 Problem Title: Resource
Cleanup

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program that involves managing resources
through constructors and destructors. Specifically, you are working with a collection of
resources, represented by the Resource class. Your task is to design the class and its
destructor to ensure proper resource cleanup.

The Resource class has two methods:

1. A constructor that initializes the resource with an ID (an integer from 1 to 1000).

2. A destructor that cleans up the resource.

Write a C++ program to create a collection of Resource objects and demonstrate the
order in which the destructors are called when the program ends. Your program should
output the IDs of the resources in the order in which their destructors are called.

Input:

The input consists of a single integer N (1 <= N <= 1000), representing the number
of Resource objects to create.

Output:

Output the IDs of the Resource objects in the order in which their destructors are
called, separated by spaces.

Example:
Input:

12 Problem Title: Resource Cleanup 1

 5

Output:

5 4 3 2 1

Explanation:

We create five Resource objects with IDs from 1 to 5.

The program ends, and the destructors are called in reverse order, cleaning up the
resources and outputting their IDs in reverse order.

Test Case 1:
Input:

Output:

3 2 1

Test Case 2:

Input:

Output:

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Test Case 3:

12 Problem Title: Resource Cleanup 2

 Input:

Output:

12 Problem Title: Resource Cleanup 3

 13 Problem Title: Complex
Numbers

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with designing a C++ program to work with complex numbers. Complex
numbers are represented as a sum of a real part and an imaginary part, where the
imaginary part is multiplied by 'i' (the imaginary unit).
Your task is to implement a Complex class with the following functionalities:

1. Constructor: Create a constructor that initializes a complex number using two real
numbers, real and imaginary .

2. Overloaded Operators:

Implement the addition + operator to add two complex numbers.

Implement the subtraction operator to subtract two complex numbers.

Implement the multiplication operator to multiply two complex numbers.

Implement the division / operator to divide two complex numbers.

3. Print Method: Implement a method void Print() that prints the complex number in
the following format: (real + imaginary * i) .

Write a C++ program to create Complex objects, perform operations, and print the
results.

Input:

The input consists of two lines:

1. The first line contains two real numbers, real1 and imaginary1 , separated by a
space (|real1|, |imaginary1| <= 1000).

2. The second line contains two real numbers, real2 and imaginary2 , separated
by a space (|real2|, |imaginary2| <= 1000).

13 Problem Title: Complex Numbers 1

 3.

Output:

For each operation (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), print the
result as a complex number in the specified format.

Example:
Input:

2 3
-1 2

Output:

(1 + 5 * i)
(3 + 1 * i)
(-8 + 1 * i)
(-0.384615 + 0.923077 * i)

Explanation:

Two complex numbers are provided: 2 + 3i and 1 + 2i .

The program performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations

on these numbers and prints the results in the specified format.

13 Problem Title: Complex Numbers 2

 14 Problem Title: Social Network

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program to model a social network. You have
two classes: User and SocialNetwork . The User class represents a user on the social
network, and the SocialNetwork class is responsible for managing the network.

1. User Class:

The User class represents a user on the social network and has the following
attributes and methods:

A private integer userID (1 <= userID <= 1000) to identify the user.

A private string username (up to 20 characters) for the user's username.

A private set of integers friends to store the user's friend IDs.

A constructor that initializes the userID and username .

A method void AddFriend(int friendID) to add a friend by their ID to the

user's friend list.

A method void PrintFriends() to print the usernames of the user's friends.

2. SocialNetwork Class:

The SocialNetwork class manages the social network and has the following
attributes and methods:

A private vector of User objects to store user information.

A constructor that initializes the network.

A method void CreateUser(int userID, const string& username) to create a new

user with the given userID and username .

A friend function void MakeFriends(int userID1, int userID2) that adds user
userID2 to the friend list of user userID1 .

A friend function void PrintUserFriends(int userID) that prints the usernames

of user userID 's friends.

14 Problem Title: Social Network 1

 Write a C++ program to create users, make friends, and print the friends of a user.

Input:

The input consists of two parts:

1. The first part contains an integer N (1 <= N <= 1000), representing the number
of users.

2. The following N lines describe the users, each with an integer userID , a string
username , and an integer M (1 <= M <= N) representing the number of friends
for that user.

3. The next M lines list the user IDs of the friends for each user.

4.

Output:

For each user, print their username and the usernames of their friends.

Example:
Input:

3
1 Alice 2
2 3
2 Bob 1
3
3 Carol 1
2

Output:

Alice: Bob Carol

Bob: Alice Carol
Carol: Alice Bob

Explanation:

14 Problem Title: Social Network 2

 Three users are created with the names Alice, Bob, and Carol.

User 1 (Alice) has two friends: User 2 (Bob) and User 3 (Carol).

User 2 (Bob) has three friends: User 1 (Alice), User 2 (Bob), and User 3 (Carol).

User 3 (Carol) has two friends: User 1 (Alice) and User 2 (Bob).

The program prints the usernames of each user along with their friends' usernames.

14 Problem Title: Social Network 3

 15 Problem Title: Animal
Kingdom

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program to model the animal kingdom. You
have a base class Animal and three derived classes: Mammal , Bird , and Fish . Each
class represents a group of animals with specific attributes and methods.

1. Animal Class (Base Class):

The Animal class is the base class for all animals and has the following
attributes and methods:

A protected string name (up to 50 characters) to represent the name of the

animal.

A constructor to initialize the name .

A pure virtual method void Sound() that represents the sound the animal
makes. This method will be implemented in derived classes.

2. Mammal Class (Derived Class):

The Mammal class is derived from the Animal class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A constructor that initializes the name .

Implement the Sound() method to print "Mammal sound."

3. Bird Class (Derived Class):

The Bird class is derived from the Animal class and has the following attributes
and methods:

A constructor that initializes the name .

Implement the Sound() method to print "Bird sound."

4. Fish Class (Derived Class):

15 Problem Title: Animal Kingdom 1

 The Fish class is derived from the Animal class and has the following attributes
and methods:

A constructor that initializes the name .

Implement the Sound() method to print "Fish sound."

Write a C++ program to create objects of the Mammal , Bird , and Fish classes, and print
the sounds they make.

Input:

The input consists of a single integer N (1 <= N <= 100), representing the number
of animals.

The following N lines describe the animals, each with an integer type (1 for Mammal ,
2 for Bird , 3 for Fish ) and a string name (up to 50 characters).

Output:

For each animal, print its name and the sound it makes.

Example:

Input:

3
1 Lion
2 Eagle
3 Salmon

Output:

Lion makes Mammal sound.

Eagle makes Bird sound.
Salmon makes Fish sound.

Explanation:

15 Problem Title: Animal Kingdom 2

 Three animals are created with their respective types and names.

The program calls the Sound() method for each animal to print their names and the
sounds they make.

15 Problem Title: Animal Kingdom 3

 16 Problem Title: Shapes and
Areas

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program to work with geometric shapes,
including circles and rectangles. Each shape has specific attributes and methods. Your
task is to design classes to represent these shapes using abstract classes and calculate
their areas.

1. Abstract Shape Class:

Create an abstract class Shape with the following attributes and methods:

A pure virtual method double GetArea() that calculates and returns the area
of the shape. This method will be implemented in derived classes.

2. Circle Class (Derived from Shape):

The Circle class is derived from the Shape class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A constructor that initializes the radius (a positive floating-point number).

Implement the GetArea() method to calculate the area of a circle as π *

radius^2.

3. Rectangle Class (Derived from Shape):

The Rectangle class is derived from the Shape class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A constructor that initializes the width and height (positive floating-point

numbers).

Implement the GetArea() method to calculate the area of a rectangle as

width * height.

Write a C++ program to create objects of the Circle and Rectangle classes, calculate
their areas, and print the areas.

16 Problem Title: Shapes and Areas 1

 Input:

The input consists of three lines:

1. The first line contains a floating-point number radius (1 <= radius <= 1000) for
the circle.

2. The second line contains two floating-point numbers width and height (1 <=
width, height <= 1000) for the rectangle.

Output:

Output the area of the circle and the area of the rectangle, each with two decimal
places, separated by a space.

Example:
Input:

4.5
3 5

Output:

63.62 15.00

Explanation:

We create a circle with a radius of 4.5 units and a rectangle with dimensions 3x5
units.

The area of the circle is calculated as π * 4.5^2 ≈ 63.62, and the area of the
rectangle is 3 * 5 = 15.00.

16 Problem Title: Shapes and Areas 2

 17 Problem Title: Animal Sounds

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program to model the animal kingdom,
focusing on polymorphism. You have a base class Animal and three derived classes:
Mammal , Bird , and Fish . Each class represents a group of animals with specific
attributes and methods.

1. Animal Class (Base Class):

The Animal class is the base class for all animals and has the following
attributes and methods:

A private string name (up to 50 characters) to represent the name of the

animal.

A constructor to initialize the name .

A method void Sound() that prints "Animal sound."

2. Mammal Class (Derived Class):

The Mammal class is derived from the Animal class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A constructor that initializes the name .

Implement the Sound() method to print "Mammal sound."

3. Bird Class (Derived Class):

The Bird class is derived from the Animal class and has the following attributes
and methods:

A constructor that initializes the name .

Implement the Sound() method to print "Bird sound."

4. Fish Class (Derived Class):

The Fish class is derived from the Animal class and has the following attributes
and methods:

17 Problem Title: Animal Sounds 1

 A constructor that initializes the name .

Implement the Sound() method to print "Fish sound."

Write a C++ program to create objects of the Mammal , Bird , and Fish classes, and print
the sounds they make.

Input:

The input consists of a single integer N (1 <= N <= 100), representing the number
of animals.

The following N lines describe the animals, each with an integer type (1 for Mammal ,
2 for Bird , 3 for Fish ) and a string name (up to 50 characters).

Output:

For each animal, print its name and the sound it makes.

Example:
Input:

3
1 Lion
2 Eagle
3 Salmon

Output:

Lion makes Mammal sound.

Eagle makes Bird sound.
Salmon makes Fish sound.

Explanation:

Three animals are created with their respective types and names.

17 Problem Title: Animal Sounds 2

 The program calls the Sound() method for each animal to print their names and the
sounds they make.

17 Problem Title: Animal Sounds 3

 18 Problem Title: Shape
Calculator

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program for a shape calculator. The program
should be able to calculate the area and perimeter of different geometric shapes,
including circles and rectangles. Your task is to design classes to represent these
shapes and use virtual functions to calculate their areas and perimeters.

1. Shape Class (Base Class):

Create a base class Shape with the following attributes and methods:

A protected string name (up to 20 characters) to represent the name of the

shape.

A constructor to initialize the name .

A pure virtual method double GetArea() that calculates and returns the area
of the shape.

A pure virtual method double GetPerimeter() that calculates and returns the
perimeter of the shape.

2. Circle Class (Derived from Shape):

The Circle class is derived from the Shape class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A protected floating-point number radius (a positive number) to represent

the radius of the circle.

A constructor to initialize the name and radius .

Implement the GetArea() method to calculate the area of a circle as π *

radius^2.

Implement the GetPerimeter() method to calculate the perimeter of a circle

as 2 * π * radius.

18 Problem Title: Shape Calculator 1

 3. Rectangle Class (Derived from Shape):

The Rectangle class is derived from the Shape class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A protected floating-point numbers width and height (both positive

numbers) to represent the dimensions of the rectangle.

A constructor to initialize the name , width , and height .

Implement the GetArea() method to calculate the area of a rectangle as

width * height.

Implement the GetPerimeter() method to calculate the perimeter of a

rectangle as 2 * (width + height).

Write a C++ program to create objects of the Circle and Rectangle classes, calculate
their areas and perimeters, and print the results.

Input:

The input consists of two lines:

1. The first line contains a string shapeName (up to 20 characters) representing the
name of the shape.

2. The second line contains an integer shapeType (1 for Circle , 2 for Rectangle ).

3. If shapeType is 1 (Circle), the third line contains a floating-point number radius .

4. If shapeType is 2 (Rectangle), the fourth line contains two floating-point numbers

width and height .

Output:

Output the calculated area and perimeter of the shape, each with two decimal
places, separated by a space.

Example:

Input:

18 Problem Title: Shape Calculator 2

 CircleShape
1
4.5

Output:

Area: 63.62 Perimeter: 28.27

Explanation:

A circle named "CircleShape" is created with a radius of 4.5 units.

The area of the circle is calculated as π * 4.5^2 ≈ 63.62, and the perimeter is
calculated as 2 * π * 4.5 ≈ 28.27.

18 Problem Title: Shape Calculator 3

 19 Problem Title: Vehicle Rental
System

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program for a vehicle rental system. The
system should allow customers to rent different types of vehicles, including cars and
bikes. Each vehicle has specific attributes and methods. Your task is to design classes
to represent these vehicles and use dynamic binding to calculate rental costs.

1. Vehicle Class (Base Class):

Create a base class Vehicle with the following attributes and methods:

A protected string model (up to 50 characters) to represent the model of the

vehicle.

A protected integer year (4 digits) to represent the year of manufacture.

A constructor to initialize the model and year .

A pure virtual method double CalculateRentalCost(int days) that calculates

and returns the rental cost for the vehicle for a given number of rental days.

2. Car Class (Derived from Vehicle):

The Car class is derived from the Vehicle class and has the following attributes
and methods:

A protected boolean isLuxury to represent whether the car is a luxury car or

not.

A constructor to initialize the model , year , and isLuxury .

Implement the CalculateRentalCost(int days) method to calculate the rental

cost for a car as follows:

For non-luxury cars, the rental cost is $40 per day.

For luxury cars, the rental cost is $80 per day.

19 Problem Title: Vehicle Rental System 1

 3. Bike Class (Derived from Vehicle):

The Bike class is derived from the Vehicle class and has the following
attributes and methods:

A constructor to initialize the model and year .

Implement the CalculateRentalCost(int days) method to calculate the rental

cost for a bike as $10 per day.

Write a C++ program to create objects of the Car and Bike classes, calculate the rental
costs for a given number of rental days, and print the results.

Input:

The input consists of three lines:

1. The first line contains a string vehicleModel (up to 50 characters) representing

the model of the vehicle.

2. The second line contains an integer vehicleYear (4 digits) representing the year
of manufacture.

3. The third line contains an integer vehicleType (1 for Car , 2 for Bike ).

4. If vehicleType is 1 (Car), the fourth line contains a boolean isLuxury (0 for non-
luxury, 1 for luxury).

5. The fifth line contains an integer rentalDays (1 <= rentalDays <= 30)
representing the number of rental days.

Output:

Output the rental cost for the vehicle, with two decimal places.

Example:

Input:

Sedan
2020

19 Problem Title: Vehicle Rental System 2

 1
1
5

Output:

400.00

Explanation:

A luxury car with model "Sedan" and year 2020 is created.

The rental cost for 5 days is calculated as $80 per day, resulting in a total cost of
$400.00.

19 Problem Title: Vehicle Rental System 3

 20 Problem Title: Division with
Exception Handling

Problem Statement:
You are tasked with implementing a C++ program to perform division operations with
exception handling. The program should handle potential division by zero errors and
report them appropriately. Your task is to design a program that performs division and
handles exceptions.

1. Division Function:

Implement a function double SafeDivision(double numerator, double denominator)

that takes two floating-point numbers numerator and denominator .

The function should perform the division numerator / denominator .

If the is zero, the function should throw an exception of type

denominator const

char* with the message "Division by zero is not allowed."

If the division is valid, return the result as a double .

Write a C++ program that uses the SafeDivision function to perform division operations
and handles exceptions appropriately.

Input:

The input consists of two lines:

1. The first line contains a floating-point number numerator (-10^9 <= numerator <=
10^9).

2. The second line contains a floating-point number denominator (-10^9 <=

denominator <= 10^9).

Output:

20 Problem Title: Division with Exception Handling 1

 If the division is successful, output the result with two decimal places.

If a division by zero error occurs, output "Division by zero is not allowed."

Example:
Input:

10
2

Output:

5.00

Input:

8
0

Output:

Division by zero is not allowed.

Explanation:

In the first example, the division of 10 by 2 is valid, and the result is 5.00.

In the second example, attempting to divide 8 by 0 results in a division by zero

exception, and the program outputs the appropriate error message.

20 Problem Title: Division with Exception Handling 2