3

3A Introduction Buying

Lead in
1 Think about when you go shopping. Which questions
below are most important to you when you buy a product?
▸ Is it a good price?
Consumer ▸
▸
Do I really need it?
Where was it made?
planet ▸ Do my friends have the same product?

▸ Learning situation Vocabulary Shopping

Designing an evening course
2  In pairs, read the quiz and match the blue words to definitions 1–12.
▸ Mediation
Expanding notes

Unit contents What type of consumer are you?

▸ Vocabulary
Shopping, idioms, waste 1 Some shoppers like to browse 4 These days, some people
in the shops, then find an item purchase items online, try
INTRODUCTORY

cheaper online. Do you do this? them on and then send

A Yes, it’s important to see a them back.
product with my own eyes first. A Yes, all the time. It’s fun
VIDEO

B No, I’m happy to shop online. to have lots of things to

I just read the reviews. try on.
▸ Grammar
The passive, the causative 2 The UK throws away so many B No, I don’t think it’s fair
on shops.
clothes each year, they weigh as
much as the Empire State Building. 5 Consumers should read the
Do you … purchase agreement before
CLASSROOM

A buy your clothes new? they buy a product. Do you …

FLIPPED

VIDEO

It creates jobs in factories, A always check that you can

although I try to avoid exchange a product or get
▸ Listening sweatshop clothes. your money back.
Answering questions B buy second-hand clothes? B buy something even if you
▸ Speaking Charity shops are a great way to might not be able to get
Giving a presentation help the planet. a refund?
▸ Reading 3 Four out of five teenagers look for
Completing sentences, multiple a sale so that they can afford more
choice, finding antonyms exclusive brands. What about you?
▸ Writing A Labels aren’t important to me.
Formal and informal emails I’m more interested in finding
▸ Skills extra lessons a good bargain!
Listening B I try to buy brands that my
favourite influencers
recommend. They
know what they are
EXTRA VIDEO

talking about.

34 Unit 3
 1 Look at several things in a shop or online without 5  1.15 EXAM Listen again and
intending to buy any of them. complete the sentences. Write 1, 2 or 3
2 Money that a shop returns to you if the product you words.
bought has a problem.
Conversation 1
3 Take something you bought back to the shop and
1 Mark paid … for his new headphones.
change it for something else.
2 Lucy suggests that he … .
4 A period of time when a shop sells items at a cheaper price.
Conversation 2
5 Owned by someone else before you.
3 Jake’s sister threw away a new dress
6 A factory where people work very hard for very little money.
because she didn’t want to … .
7 Put on an item of clothing to see if it fits and how it looks.
4 Jasmine’s bag cost … .
8 Buy something.
Conversation 3
9 A type of product made by a particular company under
5 Jasmine says that Lucy’s dress comes
a particular name.
from a … .
10 A shop that sells things given by people to raise money
6 Lucy says that she might ask for … for
for people in need.
her dress, and Jasmine agrees.
11 Something bought for less than the usual price.
Conversation 4
12 People who post a lot of videos on social media talking
7 Mark thinks that Jake shouldn’t …
about products that they’ve tried.
another person’s style.
3 In pairs, do the quiz. Discuss the questions and explain 8 Jake decides to order … .
your answers. Use the Key phrases to respond to each
other’s answers.
Video How to go low waste
KEY PHRASES 6  Watch the video. In which order
Comparing responses does the presenter talk about the
Why did you choose that option? following advice?
Do you really? I don’t! a Fix broken items, don’t throw them
That surprises me about you! away
I’m totally the same / opposite. b Carry a reusable water bottle
I tend to agree with you. c Browse for bargains in charity shops

7  Watch the video again. Complete

the sentences with the words in the
Listening box. There are two words that you
4 1.15 Read the Key skill. Then listen to four don’t need.
conversations. Complete the sentences with the charity shop g
​ reen ​landfill sites r​ eusable ​
adjectives in the box. There is one adjective that you zero-waste
don’t need.
1 It isn’t always possible to live a …
KEY SKILL lifestyle.
Listening Identifying attitude 2 When you can make shopping choices,
choose … !
Try to identify people’s mood and attitude. Listen to
their intonation, etc. as well as what they say. This 3 We can fix or reuse used or broken
can help you to understand a conversation better. items without sending them to … .

8  Think of three more ways to

concerned d
​ isappointed d
​ isapproving e
​ nthusiastic ​ reduce waste at home. Discuss your
stubborn ideas with a partner.

Conversation 1 Mark is … .
Conversation 2 Jasmine is … .
Conversation 3 Jasmine is … .
Conversation 4 Jake is … .
For more practice, go to Workbook Page 28 Complete all activities in your notebook. Unit 3 35
 3B Reading Selling

1  Read the title of the article and discuss the 4 X.XX Read the Key skill. Then check that you
questions. understand the words (1–5) in exercise 5.
1 What places and products do people often leave
reviews for? KEY SKILL
2 How important is it, in your opinion, to read
Reading Finding synonyms and antonyms
other people’s reviews: very important, quite
important, or not important? ▸ Identify the part of speech of the word that you
need to find.
2 1.15 Read the article. Does it mention any of ▸ Check you understand the meaning of the word.
the places and products that you discussed in ▸ When you find a possible answer, try replacing
exercise 1? the word with the synonym or antonym in the
sentence. Does the sentence have the same or
3 EXAM  Read the article again and choose opposite meaning?
the correct answers.

1 Companies post fake reviews … 5  EXAM Find antonyms of the words and phrases
A to get influencers to promote them. in the text.
B to create more work opportunities.
1 small (paragraph 1)
C to attract more customers.
2 a large amount of (paragraph 2)
D to provide more information for customers.
3 disappointed (paragraph 4)
2 Some influencers are approached to write 4 manual (paragraph 5)
reviews …
5 dishonest (paragraph 5)
A for money-saving blogs.
B using false names. 6 Discuss the questions.
C in exchange for money. 1 What would you do if you bought a product based
D because they are very familiar with the on positive reviews and discovered it was of
products. poor quality?
3 In the tourism industry, fake reviews are … 2 Would you take a job as a fake review writer?
A sometimes written by actual customers. Why (not)?
B more common than genuine reviews.
C often about how good the service in a hotel Vocabulary Idioms
was.
D not frequently used on tourism review sites. 7  EXAM Match the definitions with the
blue phrases in the text. Do you have similar
4 One way to identify a fake review is …
expressions in your language?
A check the star rating for the product.
B notice how many are posted over a few days. 1 taken care of well by somebody
C investigate the reviewer. 2 look for somebody / something while you are doing
D try to purchase a product to see if you have other things
problems. 3 form an opinion based only on appearance
4 small part of a bigger problem

8  MEDIATION You suspect that some local

businesses are using fake online reviews. Write a
letter to your local newspaper to warn people how
to identify fake reviews, using and summarizing
the ideas in the text.

36 Unit 3 For more practice, go to Workbook Page 28 Exam Trainer Pages 8 & 26
 E R I S K S OF
T H
O N L I N E
REVIEWS
1 Online shopping is more popular than ever. There is such a 4 A fake review can be just the tip of the
vast range of choice that it can be difficult to decide which iceberg. When teacher Andrew Longden tried
product to buy or which service to book. Unsurprising then to purchase a bike from a private seller on an
that 75% of online shoppers turn to reviews for guidance. online auction site, he was impressed by the
5 However, while online reviews might appear to be a genuine seller’s positive reviews. Feeling confident that 35
source of information, they cannot always be trusted. In an he was in safe hands, he bought the bike.
attempt to boost sales, many companies are publishing However, the seller was a fake! The reviews, the
fake reviews. seller’s name and even the product itself had all
2 People don’t generally write fake reviews for free; companies been made up. Fortunately, Andrew received a
10 sometimes offer fees of up to $500 for 50 product reviews, full refund from the auction site, but many online 40
or $20 for a Facebook business page review. The writers scam victims are not so lucky.
may have limited experience of the product or service they 5 So, how can we spot a fake online review? As
are describing, but all they need to do is write a positive a general rule, if lots of positive reviews appear
review. Some companies also approach key influencers to over a couple of days, it’s likely that they were
15 write reviews about their products. One reports that she is posted by an automated system. When reading 45
regularly asked to write reviews in exchange for free goods. reviews, keep an eye out for short and repetitive
This particular influencer refuses to take part in what she sentences that use the same phrases. Buy from
sees as a dishonest practice, but others are more than happy reputable companies, and always check the
to add to their income this way. seller’s refund and return policy before you click
20 3 The tourism industry is believed to be flooded with ‘buy’. And most importantly, never 50
fake reviews. Whilst a website for a particular judge a book by its cover! Things
destination might come with a list of five- are often not what they seem.
star reviews, it seems that in certain hotels,
guesthouses and hostels, visitors have been
25 offered small refunds in exchange for writing positive
reviews. Some businesses may have entirely false reviews. KEY VOCABULARY
So, when choosing your next holiday, it’s useful to know
Fake reviews
genuine guests tend to talk about the cleanliness of the
room and the quality of the food, whereas fake reviews often Look at the words or phrases in the text
30 mention things to do nearby. and find out their meaning.
genuine (line 00) ​made up (line 00) ​
scam (line 00) ​spot (line 00)

Complete all activities in your notebook. Unit 3 37

 3C Grammar The passive and the causative

Watch the video. Then read the information and do the activities.

A ACTIVE & PASSIVE FORMS

Active Passive 2  Read the text. Then complete the second text
with the verbs in the correct passive forms.
Present continuous
is / are eating is being eaten Helping homeless teens
There are about 1,100 homeless teenagers who
Present perfect
has / have eaten has / have been eaten (1) attend high schools in Clark County, Nevada.
Project 150 is an organization that (2) is helping
Past simple homeless young people. Every August, they
ate was / were eaten (3) hold a Back-to-School Teen Shopping Day.
Past perfect simple Organizers (4) set up a room with clothes, which
had eaten had been eaten the local community (5) have donated. They
(6) give teenagers a bag when they walk in and
will
will eat will be eaten
(7) tell them to take whatever they need.

going to High schools in Clark County, Nevada (1) … by about

is / are going to eat is / are going to be eaten 1,100 homeless teenagers. Homeless young people
Modal verbs (2) … by an organization called Project 150. Every
can / must / should can / must / should be August, a Back-to-School Teen Shopping Day (3) … .
eat eaten A room (4) … with clothes, which (5) … by the local
community. Teenagers (6) … a bag when they walk in
See the irregular verbs list on pages 125–126 for and they (7) … to take whatever they need.
irregular past participles.
B SENTENCES WITH TWO OBJECTS
We use the passive to emphasize the action
(the verb) rather than who or what (the agent) did Active
the action.
They gave Sophia the present. or
We often do this when the agent is unimportant,
They gave the present to Sophia
unknown, obvious or we don’t want to name it.
The reviews had all been made up. (It isn’t important
who made them up.) Passive
My bag has been taken. (I don’t know who took it.) The present was given to Sophia. or
When we want to state the agent, we can use an Sophia was given the present.
active form, or a passive form with by.
Active: The hotel owner wrote the fake review! Some verbs, such as give, sell, bring can have two
Passive: The fake review was written by the hotel objects: a direct object (the thing which is given,
owner! etc.) and an indirect object (the person who the
object is given to). In passive sentences, either the
1 Complete each passive sentence with one word. direct or indirect object becomes the subject of the
sentence.
A The reviews … posted by an automated system. We use to before the indirect object:
B Online reviews cannot always … trusted. a) when it comes after the direct object in an active
C Some reviews are written … influencers. sentence.
D The information had … made up. b) when it is the object of a passive sentence.

38 Unit 3 For more practice, go to Workbook Page 29

3 Are these sentences true or false? D THE CAUSATIVE
1 We often use to before an indirect object.
2 In a passive sentence, only the direct object can 1 We use have or get + object + past participle when
become the subject. a person does a task for us.
Some companies have / get key influencers to write
4 Complete the second sentence in two ways reviews for their products.
so it means the same. Include to in one of the 2 We use have + object + past participle when a
sentences. person does something bad to us.
1 Someone passed the ball to Ramirez. I’ve had my Facebook account hacked.
… was passed …
2 Someone sent three texts to Laura. 6 Match the sentences (A–C) with the rules (1–2)
… was sent … above.
3 He told the children the truth. A She’s had her credit card stolen.
… were told …. B I could have the product reviewed by an
4 He gave the waiter a tip. influencer.
… was given … C I like to get stuff delivered.
C IMPERSONAL & INFINITIVE FORMS 7 Copy and correct the error in each sentence. One
sentence is correct.
News reports often use the following passive
construction with the verbs such as believe, 1 They had a photo taking yesterday.
consider, think, rumour, report, say. 2 I had my leg been bitten by a dog.
There are two ways to form the constructions: 3 Theo always has his hair cut by his mother.
4 Sandra got her purse stolen in the city centre.
5 You can get your bag pack at the supermarket.
It passive that clause
It is believed that the tourism industry is
flooded with fake reviews. Cumulative review
It is known that thousands of people lose
money to online scams. 8  Choose the correct options to complete the
article.
subject passive to + rest of Is your favourite influencer even real?
infinitive sentence When you scroll through Instagram, does
The tourism is to be with fake it sometimes feel as if the same dress
industry thought flooded reviews. (1) is wearing / being worn by the
Thousands are to lose money to same model, or that their faces are little
of people known online scams. bit too perfect?
If so, you might be looking at a virtual
We can also use perfect and continuous infinitives, influencer – an online persona that people
depending on the action. (2) have created / have been created
The reviews are thought to have been written by a bot. to work for companies and market
their products. Some of the best known virtual
Online scams are considered to be increasing.
influencers are Maya, Lil Miquela and Barbie, and
(3) are followed by / follow millions of people.
5 Complete each sentence with one word so that It’s considered (4) that virtual influencers have
they all have the same meaning. / virtual influencers to have a lot of advantages
1 … is reported that the shoplifters have been over real influencers. You can (5) control / be
arrested. controlled by everything that they do, they never
2 The shoplifters are reported … have been get old, and you don’t have to pay them! Songs
arrested. have even (6) recorded / been recorded for some
3 They … that the shoplifters have been arrested. virtual influencer creators so that their influencers
can become pop stars.

Complete all activities in your notebook. Unit 3 39

 3D Communication A presentation

Vocabulary Waste 7 harmful because it contains chemicals

8 able to happen without harming the
1  Read the text. Which good news story do you environment
think will help the planet most? Why? 9 a mixture of decaying plants and vegetables
that s added to soil to help plants grow
2 Match the blue words in the text to the definitions.
10 the conservation of all resources through
1 burn, usually a large quantity of something responsible production and consumption
2 pollute 11 the amount of carbon dioxide released into
3 leave something unwanted, often somewhere public the environment as a result of an action
4 get rid of something unwanted, often in a 12 able to become harmless organic material
responsible way over time
5 gradually change naturally into smaller parts 3  MEDIATION Imagine that your younger
6 material that a product is sold in brother or sister is worried about the
environment. Tell him about one of the

THERE’S NO PLANET B! stories in the text to cheer him/her up.

I was cycling in my local woods the other day when I saw that
Listening
someone had dumped a load of half-empty paint cans. I was 4  1.17 Listen to a presentation about
furious! The chemicals in the paint create toxic waste and Rossano Ercolini. Match 1–4 to A–D to make
these chemicals will contaminate the ground. Why don’t people sentences about the presentation.
dispose of their waste responsibly? We are destroying our planet,
and it’s so sad. Please post some good news stories about the
environment to cheer me up!
1 I have a great story for you! Plastic is probably one of the
least biodegradable materials around, taking around 1,000
years to break down. With this in mind, Colombian company
Conceptos Plásticos uses plastic waste to make bricks to
build houses. I think it’s a fantastic example of a sustainable
process.
2 A few years ago, the local residents of our Pennsylvania
neighbourhood created an amazing community garden
in some nearby wasteland. We grow vegetables here for
everyone, so we’ve reduced our carbon footprint by not Ercolini the
buying food in plastic packaging from the other side of the
world. We also make compost from the vegetable peelings.
Environmentalist
3 How about this? Rossano Ercolini, a local primary school
teacher here in Capannori in Italy, convinced the town not 1 In the 1990s, the small town of Capannori
to incinerate rubbish because it causes air pollution and used to dispose of its waste
damages our health. We now have a zero-waste policy, and 2 Rossano Ercolini explained to local people
one of the highest recycling rates in Europe.
3 Ercolini is also helping companies to create
4 Zero waste isn’t the same as recycling –
A it means that we should consume less in
order to create less waste.
B by burying it or burning it.
C how it was possible to separate rubbish into
different materials.
D sustainable products such as reusable
coffee cups as well as jobs for young people.

40 Unit 3 For more practice, go to Workbook Page 28 Exam Trainer Page 50

5  1.17 EXAM Listen again. Are the Speaking A presentation
statements true or false? Justify your answers.
8  In pairs or small groups, read the Key Skill,
1 Unlike burning waste, sending it to landfill sites then follow the steps in the Speaking guide.
isn’t dangerous to our health.

▸ TASK
2 Before 1994, Capannori didn’t have any

SPEAKING GUIDE
incinerators.
3 The location of the proposed incinerator was far Plan and give a presentation about an
away from residents. environmental problem.
4 Ercolini invited experts to teach the local
community about recycling.
5 Residents responded well to Ercolini because he
listened to them and asked for their opinion.
▸ Think and plan
• Choose a topic from the photos below.
6 Capannori is one of the leading towns in Europe
in the zero-waste movement.

Pronunciation Stress for emphasis

6 1.18 Listen to the Key phrases and write down
the words that are stressed. e-waste food waste

KEY PHRASES
Giving a presentation
Today, we’re going to look at / talk about …
Let’s start off by looking at / talking about …
It might surprise / interest you to learn that …
Here are some key issues / statistics … air pollution space debris
So, to recap / sum up … • Research information about the causes,
Thank you for listening. problems and possible solutions for the topic.
• Find photos or video clips to use in your
7 In pairs, practise saying the Key phrases. Pay presentation.
attention to the stressed words. • D
 ecide who will give which sections of the
presentation.
KEY SKILL
Speaking Planning a presentation
To help you plan a successful presentation:
▸ Prepare
Write out your part(s) of the presentation. Use the
▸ include a short introduction: summarize what Key phrases and the Key skill to help you.
you are going to talk about. Make sure you include an introduction and
▸ organize the main part of your presentation conclusion.
into sections. Take turns to present the
different sections.
▸ practise your presentation using notes; try to
talk fluently using your own words, rather than
▸ Practise
Practise your presentation. Then do your
reading out a script. presentation for another pair or group or show
them a video of the presentation.

▸ Peer assessment
What was good about the presentation that you
listened to?
What can your classmates improve next time?

Complete all activities in your notebook. Unit 3 41

 3E Writing Formal emails

Model text
To: [email protected]
1  Read the emails and answer the From: [email protected]
questions in your notebook. Subject: order number 209462MA

1 What is the problem

with the watch in Dear Sir or Madam,
email A? I am writing with reference to the above order,
The writer
2 Why does Tessa which was placed on your website on 17 April.
explains why
write to Peter in The order was for a waterproof watch. Unfortunately,
they are writing.
email B? I am extremely dissatisfied with your product.
First of all, when I unpacked the watch, I found that I had
The writer
2 Read the emails been sent the wrong colour. Secondly, when I tested the
describes the
again and answer the watch to check that it was waterproof, some water got
problems with
questions. inside and I could see it beneath the cover of the face.
the product and
1 How does Tessa service they I therefore sent an online return form to request a refund.
address the received. However, I have received no response, despite the fact
recipient? Why? that it is now two weeks since I contacted you.
2 Translate the red The writer says I would be grateful if the situation could be resolved as
words and phrases. what action soon as possible. I have attached a copy of the receipt
3 Find two examples they would like and a photograph of the item. I look forward to hearing
of question tags. the company to from you very soon.
take. Yours faithfully,
Tessa Carpacho

Hi Peter,
How are you doing? I saw the photos of your holiday you
The writer chats
put up the other day – looks amazing! You were with your
about their
sister, weren’t you? I’m planning on going to the beach
news.
next week with some friends. Hope it’s really hot!
You’ve got a waterproof watch, haven’t you? Are you
The writer happy with it? I bought one to help me train for the
explains what triathlon, but they sent me the wrong colour AND it wasn’t
they would like even waterproof (!), so I was wondering which one you
the reader to do. got. I might get the same one after I get a refund for the
other one.
The writer ends Anyway, apart from that, not much news here, just busy
the email in a studying for exams. When are you next in town? Would
friendly way. be great to meet up.
Keep in touch,
Tessa

42 Unit 3 For Writing Workshop, go to Workbook Page xx Exam Trainer Pages 54–75
Writing skills Formal and Preparing to write
informal style 6  Read the task in the Writing guide. Think
3  Copy and complete the lists with the words in of an item you bought that you weren’t happy
the box. with and make notes about the following:

aims c​ ontractions c​ onversational ​incomplete ​ 1 What was the item?

passive q​ uestions s​ entences t​ ags 2 Why weren’t you happy with it?
3 Did you complain?
Formal emails often include these features: 4 Did the company respond?
• (1) … forms (not active). 5 Did you return or exchange the item finally?
• Complete and grammatical (2) …
• Paragraphs with clear (3) … Writing
• No (4) …
7  Follow the steps in the Writing guide.
Informal emails often include these features:
• Some (5) … sentences (ellipsis).

▸ TASK
WRITING GUIDE
• Paragraphs which don’t always have a clear aim.
• Direct (6) … You placed an order with an online shop.
• (7) … style.
One item was missing from the delivery and
• Question (8) …
you have been overcharged for other items.
• Contractions.
You tried to phone customer services,
4 Complete the Key phrases using Tessa’s emails to but they didn’t answer. Write an email
help you. Write one word in each gap (1–7). describing your experience and asking for a
solution.

KEY PHRASES Write 120–150 words.

Formal emails
Dear (1) … or Madam,
I am writing (with reference) (2) …
▸ Think and plan
Think about the details and prices of the
I (3) … be grateful if … products you ordered. Then think about
I look forward to (4) … from you. the details of your communication with the
Best wishes / Kind regards,
company.
Yours (5) …,
Write your ideas in a mind map to help you to
Informal emails
organize your thoughts.
Hey …!
How are you (6) …?
Good to hear from you.
Any news?
▸ Write and check
Read the Key phrases again. Then write
What about you? a rough version of your email using your mind
(7) … in touch. map notes. Tick the notes as you write them.
Take care. Then check your email against the elements of
a formal email in exercise 4 and write a neat
version.
5  1.19 Listen to Keiran call customer services
about a product that he bought. Answer the
questions.

1 What product did he buy?

2 What are the two problems with it?
3 What does Keiran want the company to do?
4 What does the customer services assistant ask him
to do?
Complete all activities in your notebook. Unit 3 43
 Language Summary Unit 3

Grammar KEY VOCABULARY

Active and passive forms SHOPPING
bargain (n)
We form the passive voice with be + past participle. We use be in any
brand (n)
tense or structure.
browse (v)
The reviews are written by influencers. charity shop (n)
A lot of reviews have been written for this product. exchange (v)
Reviews will be written by bots in the future. influencer (n)
We use the passive to emphasize the action (the verb) rather than who purchase (v)
or what (the agent) did the action. refund (n)
We do this when the agent is unknown, unimportant, obvious, or we sale (n)
don’t want to name it. second-hand (adj)
sweatshop (n)
We can name the agent by using an active sentence, or a passive
try on (v)
sentence + by + agent.
People in sweatshops made these clothes. WASTE
These clothes were made by people in sweatshops. biodegradable (adj) (v)
break down (v)
Sentences with two objects carbon footprint (n)
compost (v)
Some verbs, such as give, sell, bring can have two objects: a direct contaminate (v)
object (the thing which is given, etc.) and an indirect object (the person dispose of (v)
who the object is given to). dump (v)
In passive sentences, either the direct or indirect object becomes the incinerate (v)
subject of the sentence. packaging (n)
We use to before the indirect object: sustainable (adj)
a) when it comes after the direct object in an active sentence. toxic (adj)
zero-waste (adj)
b) when it is the object of a passive sentence.
They gave Sophia the present. / They gave the present to Sophia. IDIOMS
Sophia was given the present. in safe hands
The present was given to Sophia. judge a book by its cover
keep an eye out for
Impersonal & infinitive forms the tip of the iceberg

News reports often use the following passive construction with the EXTENSION VOCABULARY
verbs such as believe, consider, think, rumour, report, say. vast (adj)
It + (be) + past participle + that limited (adj)
The same meaning can be expressed with the following structure: impressed (adj)
Subject + (be) + past participle + infinitive automated (adj)
It’s thought that there are hundreds of virtual influencers. reputable (adj)
There are thought to be hundreds of virtual influencers. FAKE REVIEWS
genuine (adj)
The causative made up (adj)
We use have or get + object + past participle when a person does a scam (n)
task for us. spot (v)
Some companies have / get key influencers to write reviews for their
products.
We use have + object + past participle when a person does something
bad to us.
I’ve had my Facebook account hacked.

44 Unit 3
Review and Exam practice Unit 3

Use of English
1 EXAM Complete the text with one word in each gap.

A dangerous game
Lee Neale feels as though he has (1) … cheated after his eight-year-old
daughter was able to (2) … items costing more than £4,000 while playing a
‘free’ online game on his tablet. Neale, whose bank account (3) … now been
frozen, has been told (4) … the games company that they won’t (5) … the
money. He says that he can’t afford to pay, and may need to (6) … his car and
two motorbikes for cash to cover the cost. Neale thinks that it’s the company’s
responsibility to keep an (7) … out for strange situations. However, he admits
that he (8) … sent several email receipts when his daughter started spending
money, but he didn’t notice them until it was too late.

2 EXAM Complete the text with the correct form Writing skills
of the verbs in brackets.
3 Copy and order the words to form
sentences. Then write whether the
phrases are usually found in formal or
informal emails.

COSMETIC 1 reference / my / to / I / am / order. /

writing / with

STANDARDS 2 could / if / me / grateful / I / refund. /

would / be / you / send / a
3 you. / from / Good / hear / to
Food waste is a huge environmental problem – figures
from the Institute of Mechanical Engineers suggest that 4 forward / hearing / you. / I / to / from /
as much as two billion tonnes of food (1) … (dump) look
each year, which is almost half the world’s food. 5 great / up. / It / be / meet / would / to
The reasons for this waste are shocking: The fishing
industry (2) … (dispose) of 40–60% of the fish caught
in Europe because they (3) … (not / consider) to be the
correct size or species, or because of the European
quota system.
In addition, an estimated 20–40% of UK fruit and
vegetables (4) ... (reject) because they don’t meet the
supermarkets’ cosmetic standards in terms of perfect
shape or size.
What’s more, it (5) … (believe) that if trees (6) ... (grow)
on the land currently used to grow all the food that
we waste, then this would go a long way to reducing
greenhouse gases.

Complete all activities in your notebook. Unit 3 45

 Skills extra Listening

Listening The world’s Speaker 2

3 How does the speaker describe coffee?
favourite product
A It is a drink enjoyed by people all over
1  1.20 Listen to three people talking about the world.
coffee. Match the best summary to each person. B It’s the main global industry.
There is one extra summary. C It’s a Brazilian product.
A how climate change is affecting coffee D It has a dangerous effect on many people.
B coffee traditions in different parts of the world 4 What is the significance of $1,092?
C how coffee is produced A It was the price of coffee in the 15th century.
D different types of coffee drinks B It’s the wage of a coffee farmer in Brazil.
C A Starbucks store makes that amount
2 EXAM 1.20 Listen again and choose the each day.
correct answers.
D It’s the amount a typical American spends
Speaker 1 on coffee in a year.
1 What happened after the coffee shop added Speaker 3
syrup flavours to their menu? 5 According to the speaker, how was coffee first
A Teenagers felt more energetic after drinking discovered?
them. A An animal herder noticed the effect of caffeine
B More teenagers began ordering coffee. when his animals ate the fruit.
C Customers drank more coffee drinks with milk. B An animal herder ate the fruit and wasn’t able
D Customers stopped ordering black coffee. to sleep.
2 What is another influence on coffee consumption C A man mixed it with water, drank it and had
amongst teenagers, according to the manager? a lot of energy.
A Drinking coffee is a sociable activity. D Some farmers in South America ate the berries
B They can meet friends without their parents. by accident.
C It makes teenagers feel like adults. 6 What is the effect of roasting coffee beans?
D It’s an opportunity to meet up after school. A It removes the caffeine.
B It brings out the flavour and smell.
C It makes the coffee last longer.
D It burns the coffee beans.
Glossary
bitter /ˈbɪtə/ (adj) = having a strong taste that some 3 Discuss the questions.
people find unpleasant
revise /rəˈvɑɪz/ (v) = prepare for an exam by reading 1 Where, when and how do people
back through what you›ve studied usually drink coffee in your country?
frothy /ˈfrɒθi/ (adj) = containing lots of tiny bubbles 2 Why do you think coffee is such a
roast /rəʊst/ (v) = cook at a high temperature in an popular drink?
oven, sometimes in oil
4  MEDIATION Imagine you are
applying for a job in a specialist
coffee shop. Use some of the ideas that
you heard to write a short cover email.
Demonstrate that you are knowledgeable about
coffee culture.

92 Unit 3
Skills extra Video

Video Fast fashion and the environment

1  Look at the photos. Then watch the first part of the video and
choose the correct option.

1 Every year, up to … clothes 2 Fashion creates … of global 3 … litres of water go into making
items are produced. waste water, according to one basic T-shirt.
a 10 billion the UN. a 1
b 100 million a 20% b 2,700
c 100 billion b 10% c 0.5
c 5%

2  EXAM Watch the second part of the video. Complete the sentences with 1,
2 or 3 words.
1 Most clothes are made from a mix of … .
2 The majority of old clothes end up being burned or going to … .
3 The UK T-shirt brand creates clothes which will be … .
4 The T-shirts aren’t made until they are … .
5 When customers no longer want their clothes, they just have to … and send them back.

3 Watch the third part of the video. Which is the best summary?
1 Most shoppers and companies don’t understand the environmental impact of fashion
and need to change their habits.
2 Shoppers want to help the environment and are changing their shopping habits, but
companies need to think more about sustainability.
3 Companies are putting sustainability first, and shoppers need to follow them.

4 Discuss the questions in pairs or small groups.

1 Do you know any environmentally friendly clothes brands? How do they consider the
environment?
2 Who is more responsible for protecting the planet: companies which produce clothes,
or people who buy them? Why?

Glossary
ethically /phons/ (adv) = in a way which doesn’t harm nature or
people
garments /phons/ (n) = items of clothing
polluter /phons/ (n) = a company or process which causes pollution
rough (guess) /phons/ (adj) = very approximate

Complete all activities in your notebook. Unit 3 93