Computer Networks previouse year Questions

UNIT -1
1) Explain the functions of various layers in ISO-OSI reference model. (or) Explain the
functions of various layers in ISO-OSI reference model. (or) Discuss functionalities of
different layers of OSI reference model. (or) Explain in detail about ISO-OSI reference
Model. (or) What are the functions performed by physical and transport layers of the OSI
model?
2) Explain why layered architecture is used for networks.
3) What are the design issues for session and application layer of OSI model?
4) What is the role of a physical layer? What are the different accesses methods using
which internet services are accessed?

5) Explain the different topologies of the network. (or) Classify networks by scale and
explain each with figures. (or) What are the advantages of and draw backs of mesh
topology (or) Define Topology. Explain the various topologies of Network. (or)
Explain in detail about Network Hardware.

6) Explain the characteristics of twisted pair cable.

7) Give brief explanation about copper cables with neat sketch.
8) Discuss about unguided transmission media.
9) Write about the twisted coaxial cables.
10) With neat sketch explain Twisted pair cables, connectors of twisted pair cables with
neat graph explain the performance of Twisted pair cables.

11) Explain about MAN.

12) Compare the WAN, LAN and MAN topologies. (or) Explain about WAN.
13) Give advantages of a client server system using LAN over the big time sharing
system.
14) Discuss in detail about the LAN and WAN.
15) Explain about the switched virtual LANs.
16) What is virtual LAN? How are they managed?

17) Write about the history of Internet.(or) Discuss the history of Internet.
18) Explain the architecture of the Internet.
19) What is local internet working? Explain it in detail
20) What is internet? Explain history of internet and internet today
21) Explain about Internet standards.

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 UNIT- 2
1) Explain the functions of Data link layer. (or) What is the significance of data link
layer? Explain the design issues of data link layer.
2) Explain flow control mechanism in data link layer.
3) Explain data link layer functions in detail

4) With an example explain the process of Error detection using Hamming code.
5) How is hamming method used for error correction? Explain with example.
6) Explain the role of redundancy in error detection.
7) What is checksum? How are bit strings represented using polynomials? How checksum is
calculated using modulo 2 division? Give an example. How is checksum verified?
8) What are the differences between software based and hardware based error control.
9) What is Forward Error Correction? Explain Hamming Distance Method to correct the
errors with an example.
10) What are the relative merits and demerits of Error detection and Error correction?
11) Explain the following error detection techniques i) LRC ii) CRC
12) How the checksum is generated using CRC method. Write the algorithm. What should be
the properties of a generator polynomial?
13) What are the different types of error detection methods? Explain the CRC error
detection technique using generator polynomial x 4+x3+1 and data 11100011.
14) What is meant by cyclic redundancy check? Discuss it with a suitable example.
15) Explain one’s complement internet check sum.

16) Compare and contrast synchronous time division multiplexing and statistical time
division multiplexing
17) Discuss briefly about the multilevel multiplexing.
18) Explain how wavelength division multiplexing works. What are its advantages over other
methods? (or) Explain Wave length division multiplexing (or) What is meant by
multiplexing? Explain about wavelength division multiplexing.(or) Explain about
wavelength division multiplexing.
19) What is multiplexing? What is synchronous and asynchronous multiplexing?
20) Explain in detail about Code division multiplexing.
21) What is the need for multiplexing and demulitplexing? Compare different multiplexing
techniques (or) Explain in detail about categories of Multiplexing with examples
22) Explain the frequency division multiplexing with a suitable example.
23) What is multiplexing? Explain in detail WDM and TDM
24) Explain the frequency division multiplexing with a suitable example.
25) Explain about Time division Multiplexing with example.
26) Explain briefly about the applications of FDM.
27) Explain in detail about the synchronous time division multiplexing.
28) Illustrate Frequency Division Multiplexing and Time Division Multiplexing.

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 29)

30) What is the need of Flow control? Explain the common approaches for flow control in
data link layer.
31) Discuss in detail about flow control and error control.
32) Explain flow control mechanism using Sliding window protocol.

33) What are the design issues of Data Link layer? (or) Write short notes on Design issues
of Data Link Layer.
34) Explain the need of framing in detail in data link layer.
35) What services are provided by data link layer to network layer?

36) What is the difference between Fixed framing and variable length framing? (or)
Distinguish between fixed size framing and variable size framing
37) A sender sends series of frames to the same destination using 5-bit sequence number. If
the sequence number starts with 0, what is the sequence number after sending 100
frames?
38) What is framing? What are the methods for framing?

39) In detail explain the working of simplex stop and wait protocol.
40) List sliding window protocols? Explain selective repeat sliding window protocol in detail
41) Explain in detail about the sliding window protocol using Selective Repeat.
42) Explain in detail about the sliding window protocol using Go-Back-NA.
43) Compare Goback-n and selective repeat sliding window protocols.
44) Explain the sliding window protocol using Go-back-n protocol and using selective repeat.
(or) What is meant by sliding window protocol? Explain about Go back N.
45) Discuss about go back N protocol.
46) Distinguish between selective repeat and stop and wait protocols
47) Explain Simplex Protocol for Noisy Channels
48) Discuss about one bit sliding window protocol.
49) Discuss about stop and wait protocol.
50) Explain HDLC protocol in detail (or) Give the detailed description of HDLC frame
format.
51) What are the differences between Goback-n and selective repeat protocols. Explain with
an example.
52) Discuss about following Data Link Protocols:
i) Go back –N ii) Selective repeat.
53) With neat sketch explain the basic concept involved in Elementary Protocol: stop and
wait. (or) Describe the stop and wait protocol with neat sketch.
54) What types of errors are handled by Selective Repeat protocol?

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 55) Write short notes on an unrestricted simplex protocol and a stop and wait protocol. (or)
Explain about unrestricted simplex protocol.

56) How the PPP protocol works? (or) What is meant by PPP? Discuss about framing and
transmission phase in it. (or) Explain the working of a PPP protocol.(or) Explain PPP in
detail (or) How point-to-point protocol works?
57) Explain the multi link PPP.

UNIT -3
1) Explain the working of Multiple Access Protocols.

2) Compare the throughput of pure aloha and slotted aloha.

3) Explain in detail the operation of pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA.
4) What is pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA? Consider the delay of both at low
load.Which one is less? Explain your answer.
5) What is the efficiency of Aloha and slotted aloha protocols? Derive the efficiency. (or)
What is the efficiency of Pure ALOHA and Slotted ALOHA? How do you determine the
efficiency?
6) What is ALOHA? Explain about CSMA
7) What is slotted ALOHA? Mention its advantages.

8) Explain various classes of IEEE 802.X Standard Ethernet.

9) Discuss in brief the MAC frame structure for IEEE 802.3
10) Explain standard Ethernet.(or) Discuss in detail about standard Ethernet.
11) In detail explain the MAC layer of Ethernet.
12) Define Ethernet. Explain Fast Ethernet and Standard Ethernet
13) What are the physical layer specifications of Ethernet?
14) Explain Fast Ethernet MAC sub layer and physical layer
15) Explain the fast Ethernet MAC sub layer.
16) Discuss in detail about fast Ethernet.

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 17) Explain CSMA/CD mechanism. (or) What is CSMA? Explain CSMA with collision
detection
18) How CSMA/CA works in collision avoidance?
19) . Explain CSMA protocol. (or) What is CSMA? Discuss how it will function
20) Explain code division multiple access
21) What are physical and virtual carriers sensing? Compare them

22) Distinguish between FDMA and TDMA.

23) Discuss in detail about TDMA.
24) Explain the Fast Ethernet MAC sub layer.
25) Explain TDMA with a suitable example.
26) Discuss about code division multiple access.
27) Distinguish between TDMA and CDMA.
28) Discuss about career sense multiple access with collision avoidance.
29) What are the different techniques for controlled channel access? Explain them.
30) What is Channelization? Explain various Channelization Protocols.
31) What are the relative merits and demerits of CDMA, FDMA and TDMA?

32) What is polling? What are the assumptions related to it. What are the pros and
cons?
33) How Token passing and polling are used to control access to the channel?

UNIT- 4
1) Explain the concept involved in Flooding algorithm.

2) With an example explain the shortest path routing algorithms used in computer
networks.
3) Explain the Dijkstra’s Shortest Path Routing Algorithm with an example

4) What are the general principles of congestion control? Explain.

5) Define Congestion. What are the general Principles of Congestion?
6) What is a Choke packet? How do they help in congestion control?
7) Differentiate the open loop congestion control and closed loop congestion control

8) Explain Distance Vector routing algorithm with an example.

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 9) What are the differences between Static Routing Algorithm and Dynamic Routing
Algorithm?
10) Compare Distance Vector Routing and Link State Routing.

11) Illustrate Routing of Packets within Virtual Circuit Subnet..

12) Differentiate the connectionless and connection oriented networks. (or) Compare
connection oriented and connection less services provided by the network layer.
13) What are the differences in the use of virtual circuits and datagrams in Internet?
14) Explain Circuit Switched Networks and Datagram Networks.
15) Discuss in detail about datagram networks
16) Explain in detail about the Efficiency and Delay in Datagram Networks.
17) . Explain datagram networks and virtual circuit networks in detail
18) Discuss briefly about virtual circuit networks.
19) Distinguish between circuit switched networks and virtual circuit networks.
20) Distinguish between circuit switched networks and datagram networks.
21) What are the differences between datagram and virtual circuit communications?

22) What is the major problem of IPV4 protocol? What are the solutions?

23) Perform CIDR aggregation on the following IP addresses:128.56.24.0/24, 128.56.25.0/24,

128.56.26.0/24 and 128.56.27.0/24

24) Explain the problems of internetworking. How are the problems resolved? What are the
different ways of internetworking?
25) . What is meant by internetworking? Discuss about remote bridges.

UNIT – 5
1) What is the significance of DNS?
2) How DNS service maps domain names to IP addresses (or) Explain how domain name
is converted to IP address.

3) Write short notes on Electronic Mail. (or) Write short notes on E-Mail.

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 4) Discuss in detail about the connection establishment and release in TCP.
5) Explain TCP Connection management Finite State Machine. Explain all states in it.
6) Draw and explain TCP header
7) Explain congestion control in TCP.
8) Explain the TCP/IP protocol suit in detail.
22) What are the various protocols of TCP/IP protocol stack? (or) Explain different Layers
and their functionalities in TCP/IP Model.
23) Differentiate OSI reference model with the TCP/IP reference model.

9) Explain the WWW.

10) Explain the structure of UDP Header format

11) Compare and Contrast the UDP header and the TCP header.

12) Write the application layer paradigms.

13) What is a URL and explain about its components.

14) Write a short note on Remote Procedure Call.

.
15) Explain the purpose of FTP and BOOTP protocols.

Note: colour coding/highlighting used above is just for differentiation purpose only and not for
indication

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