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Week3 152

Calculus 2 notes

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Derin Dalkıran
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37 views18 pages

Week3 152

Calculus 2 notes

Uploaded by

Derin Dalkıran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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en bentle Power series. f ft 4 nea ” mm ot ae (xe) (xc) is general form of @ power series. cw called the center of the power series THEDREM torany power series S29 iy (4 —" one of the following aematives must hokt Conve 69) the series may co Bh Gin te series nay conver Ci) tere may exist a postive eal nbersich that the avis converges very tatsfying rel Rand dvergesat every x stetyingie el > Me Tnihiscane he sein may a yn conver aco he to endpoint Rann ct tn enh ofthese cases ie Sonvergece is abilue excep possibly atthe endpoints ‘Rand x — 6+ R incase (i), ia) Convergent for |x-cl R xEtR May er may not be convergent when x=c-R and xceR js called tte radus of convergence, J (e-R, ORgeLe-R, eR prCe~ RyetRT gg Le-R, ca RI to an interval of Conyerg ence by Rots Test, Gruen 24 (x-c)” wo ae - (ee) lien [Peete = Vien [Pot] [x-e] <4 tm [ay (x-c)*| Cae Fon L Ix-cl <4. 2 Q SD The sees u L convergent: Determine the centre, ras, and interval of convergence ofeach 4 of the power series in xercnes I-A S a x-0) 2 Sone Le y 2. StS ara 1 Zoe Ss @) ows eae as center on oP a lean ea) as 4on ix 4] = OS Coneagerh no \ a cx 2y | sa Cat i Feralas ae 5 es Vv Ma tpt? hs, Caleb ree vou s ° ake xr) UM gy 2S Got Xoo Be he @ x a ec Radive of convergence is 00 Taterval of convergence & (-0,00) alin Gays Reco Test: (For poilne eenes) en 1) OL LEA > Convergent 2) LOA D> Bivergeat 3) L=4 2 No informetion lim 4 eb Rae An (x2) D> = 2 ie the center Gx-t-»)" lxt2] = 4 heal lx z ae A lxqel ad D [x2] <2 D Convergent ¢ eocl 2S xen KL B HKK <0 e 1 4 x=-4 Sah (-2) = (-1) mA net Ys eanvegent once Qe aw decceasing and lim = 0 (By Attermatry Series Test) By Rebs Test the series is convergent when elx-4]) <4 Ss al <(S) SDS Ret nw He radus of convergence @ R > thd x-4 y-hox cath € e € xe4-t > Ss é ey (sy 3 fOr AL is convergent (p23>4) by p—dest. is converged by Allerrach ng Sens Test sme A ag, is decreasing lim 4-0. oe Interval of Convergence ts Cet. +4] 4 Ex ase +2 2) fx ® 2) +( a ed nite Tat 4 Li Compe S : + a lies OD Bom ESbn aed Ss N00 ere. beth divecgort or beth convergent meee, 2 ob Mem eg sa 2 Se aeenp ann 2 os L Co. net 3 tot) Biv lig aq =k 130 OSL ct d Com L>1 dw 0 L ion = 1200 an Of L <1 5 Com L>4 5 bv. at der Yl 4-0 ay Conv. no Mow nt eH. Serves Test linn [Onl +O SD lim Aq FO “: A300 ken CD £0 > biver gent. neco eA By Bier gene Tet oo L ) 5 a= 8 TT HF ota ngage cs 7x with center O n=O converges when -4< x <4 and a4 AL KLID = oe x n=0 Differentiation tnd Tntegrartion of Power Series predate Ge ae THEOREM Term-by-term aifferetaton and integration of per series 19 orga pagencncennne ae forwmnnd CRA se 10 utente batten, (Rar oF by starting with the geometsie series 1 aSrateetteee (Chere d = and using differentiation, integration, and substitution, Where is each series valid? «) fa)=e t= 3 K Noe exc (a 2 nso \ ey i Se 2 ee en aA F'ta) = (u-x) je 4. (4-x) aye a. hr = <) Intex) : x (a dt = -An-+) | = = da t= 9) da d= ~ tala») A4-+ 9 : 0 2 i net ic Z— D Inlt-x ~ lina! 25 rag : 5x Replace x with -x 0 a ) “ Cal '2 i | 2 on : - Wt ney nA tx 22 AA => ned «0 In (4x) = 2ark = S08". ia ane nz0 n+4 nz 0 October 8 K wn eeennes £)- GO Oren” {aje- oF ef AT a HQ Fe 21 "alll * = Bw = tle aloe” +x? + - Z u me Qe a, a, \ (ero) " \ = fee) fre) att) Ble) Se 21 $0) =4 Hols +. d>t'e=4 (x) (x $'(xd= ot (ex) e) = ays 2 ae w) Ff &) 21 rs DEFINITION | Taylor and Mactaurin series 8 | If f(x) has derivatives of all orders at x = € (ie. if (4%) exists for k = 041,2,3,+-dy then the seis SIMO y ge pee = f+ F094 LO «7 +O -eP + OO a is catled the Taylor series of f about c (or the Taylor series of f in powers of x6). Ife =0, the term Maclaurin series is usually used in place of Taylor Ex Find the Maclauin sedes of f(x) =sinx $60) + Ftorx'+ £9 x4 lo) x? 4 - 2 3 Food = 9 ede cosx > Flo)= 1 $°(x) =~ sin x D $l) =O F" (xX) = osx > f"l0) =~! $M) = siox s $5) = 0 FW 2 cox FF) = 1 oo ' > ane K-LK 4 xt ag = Ay x 7 a ts FH 7 Ko Gane a Remo k Not all function is equal +2 sts Tayler Series. DEFINITION | Anatytic functions ‘A function f is analytieateif has 2 Taylor series a c and that series converges to /(&) in an open interval containing e. If f is analytic at exch point of an open serv hen we sty it is analytic on that interval st aq—t A) x 2n-1)] yo Find Taylor Series of e* ‘J about c. " 7) fet > Fee Dd HODES ia) n 3 mc) =) Cee EC) cee ee NE: ei & Cx-e)" iy the Taylor series of ©) shoot ce. al ea -ox ce 4. Ix-cl= 0 sb ves) 300 eee For all xeIR Let os Lo. © aoe 2 g(x) = 2 (xe) = et ke) + & xc) + &-(x-€) + -- ot 21 3! gue e + ef Lt) + © Bx) 4 -- a AT2I ghed = et 8 Le) + LM re 4 paral 2q2I 7 x wlan s ae) t+ 29H) 3 GH = C-€ a c 4 " (c)=e=Ce ) 3 ie >C=" co Se : : DgWe= e = (ee) & Ean gwee nea enalyhcel functor. o a e = xX" 5 moclurin Sees of 2% al nee oo 00 a anet Sink = C1) x cos = (ae) (anI neo n=0 “EXAMPLE 3 Ob!in Maclaurin series forthe following Functions (a) eX thy sn?) (©) sin? x. . oO oD Df Seam. ; e al —— oa n=0 al gor . ant4 00 " 44 b) sinx = oo X > sin(x?) = (=. G*) 244)! : eG aco CAnt4) n 2 0 SS sink) _ ear Sy Xi x Evaluate (a) lim usa 7 a0 x Solution . x — sine 0 ogee [3]

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